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This document establishes the specification of the Basic image interchange format (BIIF). This document provides a foundation for interoperability in the interchange of imagery and imagery-related data among applications. It also provides a detailed description of the overall structure of the format, as well as specification of the valid data and format for all fields defined with BIIF. Annex C contains a Model Profile of BIIF in tables to assist in profile development. The scope and field of application of this document includes the capability to perpetuate a proven interchange capability in support of commercial and government imagery, Programmer’s Imaging Kernel System (PIKS) data, and other imagery technology domains in that priority order. This document provides a data format container for image, symbol, and text, along with a mechanism for including image-related support data. This document: — provides a means whereby diverse applications can share imagery and associated information; — allows an application to exchange comprehensive information to users with diverse needs or capabilities, allowing each user to select only those data items that correspond to their needs and capabilities; — minimizes preprocessing and postprocessing of data; — minimizes formatting overhead, particularly for those applications exchanging only a small amount of data and for bandwidth-limited systems; — provides a mechanism (Transportable File Structure, TFS) to interchange PIKS image and image-related objects; — provides extensibility to accommodate future data, including objects.

This document specifies the system layer of the coding. It was developed principally to support the combination of the video and audio coding methods defined in Parts 2 and 3 of ISO/IEC 13818. The system layer supports six basic functions: 1) the synchronization of multiple compressed streams on decoding; 2) the interleaving of multiple compressed streams into a single stream; 3) the initialization of buffering for decoding start up; 4) continuous buffer management; 5) time identification; 6) multiplexing and signalling of various components in a system stream. A Rec. ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream is either a transport stream or a program stream. Both streams are constructed from PES packets and packets containing other necessary information. Both stream types support multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from one program with a common time base. The transport stream additionally supports the multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from multiple programs with independent time bases. For almost error-free environments the program stream is generally more appropriate, supporting software processing of program information. The transport stream is more suitable for use in environments where errors are likely. A Rec. ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream, whether a transport stream or a program stream, is constructed in two layers: the outermost layer is the system layer, and the innermost is the compression layer. The system layer provides the functions necessary for using one or more compressed data streams in a system. The video and audio parts of this Specification define the compression coding layer for audio and video data. Coding of other types of data is not defined by this Specification, but is supported by the system layer provided that the other types of data adhere to the constraints defined in 2.7.

This document specifies the apparatus, materials, specimen preparation, procedures, results and reports for testing the corrosion test of steel bars. This document includes an evaluation method. This document applies to reinforced concrete structures exposed simultaneously to atmospheric, splash, tidal, immersion, and buried zones in marine environments. NOTE Annex A provides test apparatus examples. Annex B illustrates test results.

This document covers performance, marking requirements and test methods for a flexible sprinkler hose with fittings, attachments and anchoring components intended for direct connection to a single fire sprinkler in installations utilizing a flexible attachment to the sprinkler system piping such as clean rooms, suspended ceilings, and exhaust ducts.

This document specifies requirements for dried lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle, Citrus latifolia Tanaka, family Rutaceae) in whole, slices and ground form. This document is also applicable to lime that has been dehydrated by the sun and artificially dried lime. Recommendations relating to storage and transport conditions are given in Annex A.

This document specifies the requirements and characteristics of round and flat wire used for strengthening the bead of all kinds of tyres.

This document specifies dimensions for heel guidings in large stamping and forming dies. It also gives example applications and an example for ordering.

This document specifies the two-step Toet method for the determination of the derived displacement of hydraulic fluid power positive displacement pumps and motors under steady-state conditions. A value for the derived displacement is determined from measurements at multiple shaft speeds.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the gross calorific value of coal and coke at constant volume and at the reference temperature of 25 °C in a combustion vessel calorimeter calibrated by combustion of certified benzoic acid. The result obtained is the gross calorific value of the analysis sample at constant volume with all the water of the combustion products as liquid water. In practice, fuel is burned at constant (atmospheric) pressure and the water is not condensed but is removed as vapour with the flue gases. Under these conditions, the operative heat of combustion is the net calorific value of the fuel at constant pressure. The net calorific value at constant volume can also be used; formulae are given for calculating both values. General principles and procedures for the calibrations and the fuel tests are specified in the main text, whereas those pertaining to the use of a particular type of calorimetric instrument are described in Annexes A to C. Annex D contains checklists for performing calibration and fuel tests using specified types of calorimeters. Annex E gives examples illustrating some of the calculations. Annex F provides guidance around safe use, maintenance and testing of the calorimeter combustion vessel. NOTE Descriptors: solid fuels, coal, coke, tests, determination, calorific value, rules of calculation, calorimetry.

This document specifies frequency and methods for the verification of pendulum impact-testing machines used for the Charpy impact test, Izod impact test, and tensile impact test described in ISO 179-1, ISO 180 and ISO 8256, respectively. Verification of instrumented impact machines is covered insofar as the geometrical and physical properties of instrumented machines are identical to non-instrumented machines. The force/work verification of instrumented machines is not covered in this document. This document is applicable to pendulum-type impact-testing machines, of different capacities and/or designs, with the geometrical and physical properties specified in REF Section_sec_5 \r \h Clause 5. Methods are specified for verification of the geometrical and physical properties of the different parts of the test machine. These methods are for use when the machine is being installed, has been repaired, has been moved, or is undergoing periodic checking.

This document provides guidance on the prevention of hydrogen assisted brittle fracture, known as hydrogen embrittlement (HE), that results from the manufacturing process or operating conditions. This document is applicable to components or parts made of high strength steels. This document provides guidance on the relationship between material selection, manufacturing (including heat treatment) and coating. NOTE 1 For hot-dip galvanizing components, see ISO 14713-2. NOTE 2 This document does not consider applications under pressurised hydrogen.

This document specifies how a preliminary welding procedure specification (pWPS) is qualified by welding procedure tests. This document applies to production welding, repair welding and build-up welding. This document defines the conditions for the execution of welding procedure tests and the range of qualification for welding procedures for all practical welding operations within the qualification of this document. This document applies to the arc welding of wrought and cast aluminium and its alloys. In this document the term aluminium stands for aluminium and for aluminium alloys. This document does not apply to finishing welding of aluminium castings, which is addressed in ISO 15614-4. Arc welding of aluminium is covered by the following welding processes in accordance with ISO 4063:2023: 131 — MIG welding with solid wire electrode; 141 — TIG welding with solid filler material (wire/rod); 142 — Autogenous TIG welding; 15 — plasma arc welding.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the chlorine and bromine content of liquid petroleum products, synthetic oils and fluids, and additives for petroleum products (including used oils) that are soluble in organic solvents of negligible or accurately known chlorine/bromine content. The method is applicable to products or additives with chlorine content in the range of a mass fraction of 0,000 5 % to 0,100 0 %, and bromine contents in the range of a mass fraction of 0,001 0 % to 0,100 0 %.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for airworthiness approval of air cargo pallets, nets and containers, generally designated as air cargo unit load devices (ULD). This document is intended to provide a uniform technical reference for air cargo unit load devices approval. As a prerequisite, it is presupposed that the applicable general civil aviation requirements and the aircraft manufacturer’s approved Weight and Balance Manual are followed. This document defines the minimum performance requirements and test parameters for air cargo unit load devices requiring approval of airworthiness for installation in an approved aircraft cargo compartment and restraint system that complies with the cargo restraint and occupant protection requirements of CCAR 25, EASA CS-25 or 14 CFR Part 25, except for the 9,0 g forward ultimate inertia force of § 25.561 (b) (3) (ii). This document applies to airworthiness approved air cargo unit load devices intended for carriage on board civil transport category airplanes type certificated under CCAR 25, EASA CS-25 or 14 CFR Part 25, or equivalent. This document exclusively applies to unit load devices airworthiness approval and testing parameters. It does not apply to aircraft design or aircraft operating requirements, which are provided by the approved Weight and Balance Manual for each aircraft type. Other aspects that do not directly pertain to air cargo unit load devices airworthiness approval and testing are not covered by this document, e.g.: — ULD design specifications; — ULD in service damage limits; — ULD restraint malfunction limitations; — ULD test methods; — ULD load distribution models; — ULD maximum allowable contours; — ULD CG (centre for gravity) location control means; — ULD pressure equalization methods; — ULD utilization guidelines. NOTE The requirements for cargo covers are not defined in this document, except insofar as net restraint is incorporated therein.

This document sets and defines the minimum requirements for registration of data acquired from process monitoring and for quality control in additive manufacturing (AM), including the description of a procedure. Furthermore, this document comprises actions that users shall execute to register multi-modal AM data and store them in an appropriate repository. This document is not applicable for data cleansing, sensor calibration, and image processing. This document is only applicable for data gathered and generated from non-destructive test methods and sensors, e.g. X-ray computer tomography (XCT), thermal sensor, cameras and coordinate measuring machines (CMM). This document is only applicable to metallic parts produced by means of laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB); nevertheless, the procedures described in this document can be applied to monitor other AM processes and materials (e.g. directed energy deposition, polymer or ceramic powder bed fusion, binder jetting, and photopolymerization), but this document does not provide any data or case studies for them.

This document specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the mechanical properties at sub-ambient temperatures from −196 °C to 25 °C, subject to the possible temperature limitation of the test specimens. It is not applicable to products which experience dimensional changes during the test due to the loss of hydration water or which undergo other phase changes.

This document: — specifies a reference land administration domain model (LADM) covering basic information-related components of spatial plan information on land/water and elements below/on/above the surface of the Earth with 2D/3D/4D (3D + time) geometric representation; — provides an abstract, conceptual model with packages related to: — plan unit, i.e. the smallest homogenous area/space (2D/3D/4D) with assigned function/purpose, e.g. office, education, retail; — plan block, i.e. a set of neighbouring plan units decided on by planning authorities, e.g. high-density residential area, nature area, heavy industry area; — plan group unit, i.e. areas corresponding to the higher planning levels; — plan group, i.e. hierarchy in spatial plans consisting of multiple plan blocks, e.g.: — continent/regional-wide (e.g. European regions), — country-wide (e.g. Indonesia, the Netherlands), — island, — state or region province, — municipality or city, and — urban or rural; — permit, i.e. something that is granted to a party which gives the party permission to undertake an activity which would otherwise be restricted; — defines terminology for spatial plan information as part of land administration, based on various national and international systems, that is as simple as possible in order to be useful in practice. The terminology allows a shared description of different formal or informal practices and procedures in various jurisdictions; — provides a platform for comparison and monitoring of spatial planning information based on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicators; — provides an approach to modelling the integration of spatial plan information (outputs of spatial plans) into land administration; — provides a basis for national and regional profiles; — enables the combining of land-use planning and land development planning in land administration information from different sources in a coherent manner; — allows for the relationship to multiple parties and groups to be expressed together with a referencing structure so that the sourcing of all information systems can be maintained. It reuses core LADM classes so that sourcing of all information systems can be maintained; — establishes the common elements and basic schema for spatial plan information upon which a more detailed schema can be established. NOTE This document does not interfere with (national) and sub-national spatial planning laws.

This document specifies the zero-pressure intercept method for the determination of the derived displacement of hydraulic fluid power positive displacement pumps and motors under steady state conditions. A single value for the derived displacement is determined from measurements at a single shaft speed.

This document provides requirements to identify visible imperfections and defines three preparation grades for welds, edges and surfaces of steel to assist in achieving efficient corrosion protection. Such imperfections can be visible before or can become visible after an abrasive blast cleaning process. NOTE Although this document has been developed specifically for preparation of steel, the defined preparation grades will generally be appropriate for use when preparing other metal surfaces e.g. aluminium, castings, if agreed.

This document specifies a method of determining the amount of mineral matter in all types of coal, including brown coals and lignites.

This document specifies a procedure for the use of quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), including single-quadrupole instruments and tandem ICP-MS/MS, for analysing test solutions prepared from samples of airborne particulate matter collected as specified in ISO 15202-1. Method development, performance checks and a routine analysis method are specified in this document NOTE 1 Other types of ICP-MS (e.g. magnetic sector) are outside of the scope of this document. Test solutions for analysis by this document are prepared as specified in ISO 15202-2. This document is applicable to the assessment of workplace exposure to metals and metalloids for comparison with limit values (e.g. see EN 689[ REF Reference_ref_21 \r \h 10 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000110000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F00320031000000 ] and ASTM E1370[ REF Reference_ref_19 \r \h 8 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000110000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F00310039000000 ]). This document is not applicable to the determination of elemental mercury, since mercury vapour is not collected using the sampling method specified in ISO 15202-1. The procedure specified in this document is suitable for the assessment of exposure against the long-term exposure limits for most of the metals and metalloids for which occupational exposure limit values have been set, when sampling at a typical flow rate of at least 2 l min−1 for sampling times in the range 0,25 h to 8 h and for the assessment of exposure against the short-term exposure limits, where applicable. NOTE 2 The procedure is subject to no significant spectral interferences (see Clause A.3), provided that suitable analytical isotopes are used. However, inadequate matrix-matching can adversely affect results.

This document specifies ways in which rare earths can be traced as they move through the supply chain between the separated products to rare earth permanent magnets, or otherwise to be further processed. The documented traceability information is applicable to purchasers, suppliers, and users of rare earth permanent magnets to identify parties in the supply chain who have processed a given shipment of rare earth material, the location of that rare earth material as it passes between supply chain nodes. The documented traceability information is also applicable to supply chain actors and end users who use this information to check the validity of any claims made on the rare earth permanent magnets concerning sustainability, environmental impact, or recycled material content.

This document specifies methods to determine 226Ra by alpha spectrometry in supply water, drinking water, rainwater, surface and ground water, marine water, as well as cooling water, industrial water, domestic, and industrial wastewater after proper sampling, handling and test sample preparation. The detection limit depends on the sample volume, the instrument used, the background count rate, the detection efficiency, the counting time and the chemical yield. The detection limit of the methods described in this document, using currently available alpha spectrometry apparatus, is equal to or lesser than 3 mBq·l−1 (or mBq·kg−1), which is lower than the WHO criteria for safe consumption of drinking water (1 Bq·l−1)[ REF Reference_ref_12 \r \h 4 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000110000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F00310032000000 ]. This value can typically be achieved with a counting time of 48 h for a test sample volume of 40 ml. The method described in this document is applicable in the event of an emergency situation. Filtration of the test sample is necessary for the methods described in this document if suspended solids are present. The analysis of 226Ra adsorbed to suspended matter is not covered by this method, because it requires a mineralization step. In this case, the measurement is made on the different phases obtained. The final activity is the sum of all the measured activity concentrations. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for the water samples tested.

IEC 60068‑2-88:2025 establishes test methods for the resistance of electronic and electromechanical components, unpopulated circuit boards and assemblies to liquid cleaning media and cleaning processes, which are agreed between user and supplier for applications, where cleaning is required. These tests are not applicable to components, unpopulated circuit boards and assemblies, which are not intended to be subjected to cleaning processes. Tests XD1 and XD2 primarily are intended for qualification testing of components and unpopulated circuit boards suitable for cleaning processes, but can be adopted as well to testing of material compatibility and specific cleaning media used in manufacturing processes of components and unpopulated circuit boards. Test XD3 is intended to determine the resistance of electronic assemblies suitable for cleaning processes to the various cleaning processes to which they are exposed during manufacturing, including the effects of assembly and soldering processes.

This document specifies a method for the gas chromatographic determination of menthol in the total particulate matter (TPM) of mentholated cigarette mainstream smoke with a smoking regime according to ISO 3308 (standard smoking regime). The smoking of cigarettes and the collection of TPM from the mainstream smoke are carried out in accordance with ISO 4387 with some exceptions (see Annex A). Encapsulated menthol in specific products can lead to specific handling not described in this document.

IEC 62074-1: 2025 applies to fibre optic wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) devices. These have all of the following general features: - they are passive, in that they contain no optoelectronic or other transducing elements; however they can use temperature control only to stabilize the device characteristics; they exclude any optical switching functions; - they have three or more ports for either the entry or exit of optical power, or both, and share optical power among these ports in a predetermined fashion depending on the wavelength; - the ports are optical fibres, or optical fibre connectors. This document establishes uniform requirements for the following: - optical, mechanical and environmental properties. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) harmonization of terms and definitions with IEC TS 62627-09; b) simplified classification, documentation and standardization system in Clause 4, and moving interface style to Annex H.

This document defines the basic terms of functional components and performance indicators commonly used in the area of refuse collection vehicles (RCV). This document also gives classification and requirements for commercial specifications for RCVs. It aims to align with terminology that are used internationally. This standard provides further vocabulary to those defined in ISO 24161. NOTE ‘Refuse’ and ‘waste’ are used interchangeably in this document.

This document specifies a method of determining the characteristic fusion temperatures of ash from hard coal. NOTE Descriptors: fossil fuels, ash, ashes, tests, high temperature tests, determination, and fusibility.

This document specifies general and detailed requirements for bellows used in space systems. It establishes requirements regarding material, design, analysis, fabrication, material, testing, inspection, and operation for space use. This document is applicable to metallic bellows which are used as pressure bearing components and are integrated into a pressure system. This document is not applicable to engine bellows or valve bellows.

This document specifies a method of determining the total carbon and the total hydrogen in coal and coke, by the Liebig method.

This document specifies calibration methods for a pyranometer using a pyrheliometer as a reference instrument. Three methods are specified in this document. a) Alternating sun and shade method. This method uses a shading disc to alternately shade and unshade a pyranometer to compare with the tracking pyrheliometer. The test pyranometer can be horizontal, on a fixed tilt or tracking alongside the pyrheliometer. b) Continuous sun and shade method. In this method, a shaded calibrated reference pyranometer is used in addition to the reference pyrheliometer. The test pyranometer can be horizontal, on a fixed tilt or tracking alongside the reference pyrheliometer, but the reference pyranometer must be mounted in the same plane as the test pyranometer (most often on the horizontal). c) Collimation tube method. In this method, the test pyranometer is mounted on a solar tracker and is equipped with a collimation tube designed to allow the test pyranometer to have the same geometric view as the reference pyrheliometer for a direct comparison of the two instruments. The methods in this document are applicable for calibration of all pyranometers provided that a proper uncertainty evaluation is performed. Unlike spectrally flat pyranometers, non-spectrally flat pyranometers have a sensitivity that strongly depends on the solar spectrum. Therefore, the calibration result can be valid under a more limited range of conditions. The result of a calibration is the instrument sensitivity accompanied by an uncertainty. This document includes suggestions for uncertainty evaluation.

This document specifies: — How to uniquely identify Digital Items (and parts thereof); — How to uniquely identify IP related to the Digital Items (and parts thereof), for example abstractions; — How to express the relationship between the two above identifiers; — How to deal with varying levels of functional granularity for Digital Item identifiers; — How to uniquely identify description schemes; — The relationship between Digital Items (and parts thereof) and existing identification systems. Annex C contains a list of relevant identification systems. This is not an exhaustive list and is subject to change over time; — How to express the relationship between two Digital Items. This document does not specify: — New identification systems for the content elements for which identification and description schemes already exist and are in use (e.g. this document does not attempt to replace the ISRC, as defined in ISO 3901, for sound recordings); — Normative description schemes for describing content.

This document establishes general requirements for the application of fracture control technology to fracture-critical items (FCIs) fabricated from metallic, non-metallic or composite materials. It also establishes mechanical damage control requirements for mechanical-damage-critical items (MDCIs) fabricated from composite materials. These requirements, when implemented on a particular space system, can assure a high level of confidence in achieving safe operation and mission success. This document provides the minimum fracture control and mechanical damage control requirements for FCIs and MDCIs in general space systems, including launch vehicles, spacecraft and ground support equipment. With modifications, these requirements can also be applicable to reusable launch vehicles (RLVs). This document is not applicable to projects which already have a set of specific fracture and damage control requirements suitable for their special applications. This document is not applicable to processing detected defects.

This document provides information and general guidance on the selection and use of the methods of exposure to solar radiation described in detail in subsequent parts of the ISO 877 series. These methods of exposure to solar radiation are applicable to plastics materials of all kinds as well as to products and portions of products. It also specifies methods for determining radiant exposure. It does not include direct weathering using black-box test fixtures, which simulate higher end-use temperatures in some applications. NOTE ASTM G7 and ASTM D4141 describe black-box exposure tests.

This document specifies methods for calibration of pyrheliometers using reference pyrheliometers and specifies the calibration procedures for the transfer of the calibration. This document is applicable for use by calibration service providers and test laboratories to enable a uniform quality of accurate calibration sensitivities to be achieved.

This document specifies surface finish requirements for the articulating surfaces of total and partial knee joint prostheses classified in ISO 7207-1. This document is intended to provide guidance for periodic validation of production processes.

This document specifies two methods of measurement of the electrophoretic mobility of particles suspended in a liquid: video microscopy and electrophoretic light-scattering. NOTE Estimation of surface charge and determination of zeta-potential can be achieved from measured electrophoretic mobility using proper theoretical models, which are described in detail in ISO 13099-1.

This document is applicable to two-way or multi-way ball valves manufactured with all types of polypropylene (PP) and chlorinated polyvinylchloride (PVC-C) thermoplastic materials to be used for the transport of pressurized water whether or not intended for human consumption (domestic systems) for applications in buildings and utility branches.
NOTE 1        The two-way valve is generally used for sectioning and control of flows, and the multi-way valve is used to divert or mix the flows. For information on their functionality, see ISO 16135:2006, Annex B.
NOTE 2        The reader of this document is informed that the water intended for human consumption is subjected to national, regional or local regulatory provisions as applicable.
The application classes are indicated in ISO 15874 and ISO 15877 series.
This document specifies valve characteristics as follows:
—     dimensions for assembly in the relevant pipelines,
—     physical and mechanical requirements.
Other materials can fit the scope of this document if the application classes are specified in a material related specific standard.
Ball valves specified in this document are not intended to be used in conjunction with pipes made by metallic material and copper alloys.

The scope of this document is constrained to the content of the electronic prescription (ePrescription) itself, the digital document which is issued by a prescribing healthcare professional and received by a dispensing healthcare professional. The prescribed medicinal product is to be dispensed through an authorized healthcare professional with the aim of being administered to a human patient. The ePrescription in the administrative workflow of reimbursement is not covered in this document.
This document specifies the requirements that apply to ePrescriptions. It describes generic principles that are considered important for all ePrescriptions.
This document is applicable to ePrescriptions of medicinal products for human use. Although other kinds of products (e.g. medical devices, wound care products) can be ordered by means of an ePrescription, the requirements in this document are aimed at medicinal products that have a market authorization and at pharmaceutical preparations which are compounded in a pharmacy.
This document does not limit the scope to any setting (community, institutional) and leaves it to the national bodies to decide on this matter.
This document specifies a list of data elements that can be considered as essential for ePrescriptions, depending on jurisdiction or clinical setting (primary healthcare, hospital, etc.). Ensuring the authenticity of these data elements is in scope and will have impact on the requirements of information systems.
Other messages, roles and scenarios (e.g. validation of a prescription, administration, medication charts, EHR of the patient, reimbursement of care and dispensed products) are not covered in this document, because they are country-specific or region-specific, due to differences in culture and in legislation of healthcare. However, requirements and content of ePrescriptions within the context of jurisdictions have a relationship with these scenarios. This document also does not cover the way in which ePrescriptions are made available or exchanged, and the process of prescribing itself.
The logistic process of prescribing itself is not part of the scope. A prescription can either be sent (pushed) to a dispenser or either be retrieved (pulled) at the dispenser. However, the requirement for the prescription is described, that it will be able to function in both environments.