ISO 13400-2:2012

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13400-2
First edition
2012-06-01
Road vehicles — Diagnostic
communication over Internet Protocol
(DoIP) —
Part 2:
Transport protocol and network layer
services
Véhicules routiers — Communication de diagnostic au travers du
protocole internet (DoIP) —
Partie 2: Protocole de transport et services de la couche réseau
Reference number
©
ISO 2012
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Symbols . 3
3.3 Abbreviated terms . 4
4 Conventions . 5
5 Document overview . 5
6 Basic requirements for implementation of internet protocols . 7
6.1 General considerations . 7
6.2 Network layer requirements . 8
6.3 Transport Layer requirements . 9
6.4 Application layer requirements — Dynamic host control protocol (DHCP) .14
6.5 Application layer requirements — Data transmission order .18
7 DoIP protocol — Technical description .19
7.1 IP-based vehicle communication protocol .19
7.2 Socket handling .41
7.3 Timing and communication parameters .48
7.4 Logical addressing .49
7.5 Communication environments and recommended timings .50
8 Transport layer services .50
8.1 General information .50
8.2 Specification of DoIP layer service primitives .52
8.3 Service data unit specification .53
9 DoIP protocol usage .54
9.1 General information .54
9.2 Connection establishment and vehicle discovery .54
9.3 DoIP session .56
9.4 Vehicle network integration .58
10 DoIP entity functional requirements .64
11 Communication example message sequence charts .64
Bibliography .67
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13400-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 3, Electrical
and electronic equipment.
ISO 13400 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles — Diagnostic communication
over Internet Protocol (DoIP):
— Part 1: General information and use case definition
— Part 2: Transport protocol and network layer services
— Part 3: Wired vehicle interface based on IEEE 802.3
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 4: Ethernet diagnostic connector
— Part 5: Conformance test specification
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Vehicle diagnostic communication has been developed starting with the introduction of the first legislated
emissions-related diagnostics and has evolved over the years, now covering various use cases ranging
from emission-related diagnostics to vehicle-manufacturer-specific applications like calibration or electronic
component software updates.
With the introduction of new in-vehicle network communication technologies, the interface between the
vehicle’s electronic control units and the external test equipment has been adapted several times to address
the specific characteristics of each new network communication technology requiring optimized data link
layer definitions and transport protocol developments in order to make the new in-vehicle networks usable for
diagnostic communication.
With increasing memory size of electronic control units, the demand to update this increasing amount of software
and an increasing number of functions provided by these control units, technology of the connecting network
and buses has been driven to a level of complexity and speed similar to computer networks. New applications
(x-by-wire, infotainment) require high band-width and real-time networks (like FlexRay, MOST), which cannot
be adapted to provide the direct interface to a vehicle. This requires gateways to route and convert messages
between the in-vehicle networks and the vehicle interface to external test equipment.
The intent of ISO 13400 (all parts) is to describe a standardized vehicle interface which
— separates in-vehicle network technology from the external test equipment vehicle interface requirements
to allow for a long-term stable external vehicle communication interface,
— utilizes existing industry standards to define a long-term stable state-of-the-art communication standard
usable for legislated diagnostic communication as well as for manufacturer-specific use cases, and
— can easily be adapted to new physical and data link layers, including wired and wireless connections, by
using existing adaptation layers.
To achieve this, all parts of ISO 13400 are based on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Basic Reference
Model specified in ISO/IEC 7498-1 and ISO/IEC 10731, which structures communication systems into seven
layers. When mapped on this model, the services specified by ISO 14229-1, ISO 14229-2 and ISO 14229-5
are divided into
a) unified diagnostic services (layer 7), specified in ISO 14229-1, ISO 14229-5, ISO 27145-3,
b) presentation (layer 6):
1) for enhanced diagnostics, specified by the vehicle manufacturer,
2) for WWH-OBD (World-Wide Harmonized On-Board Diagnostics), specified in ISO 27145-2,
SAE J1930-DA, SAE J1939:2011, Appendix C (SPNs), SAE J1939-73:2010, Appendix A (FMI),
SAE J1979-DA, SAE J2012-DA,
c) session layer services (layer 5), specified in ISO 14229-2,
d) transport protocol (layer 4), specified in this part of ISO 13400,
e) network layer (layer 3) services, specified in this part of ISO 13400, and
f) physical and data link services (layers 1 and 2), specified in ISO 13400-3,
in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 — Enhanced and legislated WWH-OBD diagnostic specifications applicable to the OSI layers
Vehicle manufacturer
Applicability OSI 7 layers WWH-OBD document reference
enhanced diagnostics
Application (layer 7) ISO 14229-1/ISO 14229-5 ISO 14229-1/ISO 27145-3
ISO 27145-2, SAE J1930-DA,
Vehicle manufacturer SAE J1939:2011, Appendix C (SPNs),
Presentation (layer 6)
specific SAE J1939-73:2010, Appendix A (FMIs),
Seven layers
SAE J1979-DA, SAE J2012-DA
according to
ISO/IEC 7498-1
Session (layer 5) ISO 14229-2 ISO 14229-2
and
Transport (layer 4)
ISO/IEC 10731
ISO 13400-2 ISO 13400-2
Network (layer 3)
Data link (layer 2)
ISO 13400-3 ISO 13400-3
Physical (layer 1)
The application layer services covered by ISO 14229-5 have been defined in compliance with diagnostic
services established in ISO 14229-1, but are not limited to use only with them.
The transport and network layer services covered by this part of ISO 13400 have been defined to be independent
of the physical layer implemented.
For other application areas, ISO 13400-3 can be used with any Ethernet physical layer.
vi © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13400-2:2012(E)
Road vehicles — Diagnostic communication over Internet
Protocol (DoIP) —
Part 2:
Transport protocol and network layer services
1 Scope
1.1 This part of ISO 13400 specifies the requirements for diagnostic communication between external test
equipment and vehicle electronic components using Internet Protocol (IP) as well as the transmission control
protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP). This includes the definition of vehicle gateway requirements
(e.g. for integration into an existing computer network) and test equipment requirements (e.g. to detect and
establish communication with a vehicle).
1.2 This part of ISO 13400 specifies features that can be used to detect a vehicle in a network and enable
communication with the vehicle gateway as well as with its sub-components during the various vehicle states.
These features are separated into two types: mandatory and optional.
1.3 This part of ISO 13400 specifies the following mandatory features:
— vehicle network integration (IP address assignment);
— vehicle announcement and vehicle discovery;
— vehicle basic status information retrieval (e.g. diagnostic power mode);
— connection establishment (e.g. concurrent communication attempts), connection maintenance and vehicle
gateway control;
— data routing to and from the vehicle’s sub-components;
— error handling (e.g. physical network disconnect).
1.4 This part of ISO 13400 specifies the following optional features:
— DoIP entity status monitoring;
— DoIP entity firewall capabilities.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3779, Road vehicles — Vehicle identification number (VIN) — Content and structure
ISO 13400-1, Road vehicles — Diagnostic communication over Internet Protocol (DoIP) — Part 1: General
information and use case definition
ISO 134
...