ISO 25500-1:2026

International
Standard
ISO 25500-1
First edition
Supply chain interoperability and
2026-11
integration —
Part 1:
Overview and principles of the
industrial internet
Interopérabilité et intégration dans la chaîne
d'approvisionnement —
Partie 1: Vue d'ensemble et principes de l'Internet industriel
Reference number
© ISO 2026
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principles of supply chain interoperability, integration and the industrial internet . 1
4.1 General .1
4.2 Supply chain data formatting contract clause .2
4.3 Supply chain data verification .2
5 The ISO 25500 series path to supply chain interoperability and integration . 3
6 Structure of the ISO 25500 series . 3
7 Relationship of the ISO 25500 series to other international standards . 4
8 Conformance . 4
Annex A (informative) Document identification . 5
Annex B (informative) Supply chain data formatting contract clause ‒ elaborated . 6
Bibliography .10

iii
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration,
Subcommittee SC 5, Interoperability, integration, and architectures for enterprise systems and automation
applications.
A list of all parts in the ISO 25500 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
Supply chain data is the data that must be shared between potential or existing trading entities to support
the acquisition, transfer, storage, maintenance and eventual disposal of goods or services.
Fundamental to this document is the understanding that data is the tangible form of information. For data to
reliably transfer information between systems the data must be portable and unambiguous; this is the goal
of the ISO 8000 series, consisting of international standards for data quality.
The ISO 8000 series achieves data portability and unambiguity through including provenance as well as
concept encoding, a process where metadata and reference data are represented by a language independent
concept identifier from a concept dictionary that contains the terminology (terms, definitions, symbols or
images) used to provide the unambiguous meaning of the concept.
Also fundamental is the understanding that no two objects can occupy the same place at the same time and it
follows that all objects can be uniquely identified and differentiated from all other objects by their time and
place of origin. Finally, identifiers are a critical component of supply chain communication. An identifier is a
string of characters created by an organization to reference a dataset, the characteristic data that describes
the object identified.
Critical to supply chain interoperability and integration is trust. Trust requires the positive and verifiable
identification of the trading entities and an understanding of their authority. Anonymity is not acceptable in
supply chain data exchanges. In addition to the identification of the trading entities (who), the identification
and description of the products and services subject to contract (what), as well as the locations (where) and
the time (when) of associated events are necessary to create the industrial internet, a secure and efficient
environment for the verification of supply chain data.
The industrial internet is above all else a trusted business-to-business (B2B) platform for commercial users.
It is designed to allow interoperability of supply chain data and integration of supply chain systems between
known and trusted parties as legal entities. To do this, the industrial internet overcomes both anonymity
and impersonation. The industrial internet relies on verifiable legal identity to overcome anonymity and
protection from impersonation through callback security.
The industrial internet uses a prefix name server (PNS), which is an ISO 8000-115 compliant register of
prefixes with globally unique prefix records that contain the legal owner of any identifier with that prefix
and contains an electronic address to resolve the identifier to the dataset it represents as well as any use
restrictions. The PNS used in the industrial internet is an enhanced version of the domain name server (DNS),
that supports callback security, one of the earliest forms of secure communication and the backbone of two-
factor authentication. For example, if an account holder receives a call stating that a bank or credit account is
compromised, and the caller requests verification of account information, the appropriate response is to end
the call. The account holder should then promptly call the financial service provider using a verified number
(not one provided by the caller). This method is known as callback security. Callback security is simple, low
cost and very effective.
This document describes the principles of supply chain interoperability and integration and introduces
the supply chain data formatting contract clause which supports the creation and verification of quality
portable data that underpins the industrial internet. This document includes an overview of the structure
of the ISO 25500 series. Each document in this series defines the data required to perform specific supply
chain functions and how this data can be verified.
Annex A contains an identifier that conforms to ISO/IEC 8824-1. The identifier unambiguously identifies this
document in an open information system.

v
International Standard ISO 25500-1:2026(en)
Supply chain interoperability and integration —
Part 1:
Overview and principles of the industrial internet
1 Scope
This document provides an overview of the standards developed in the ISO 25500 series for supply chain
interoperability and integration.
This document:
— states the subject matter of the ISO 25500 series as a whole;
— establishes the principles of supply chain interoperability and integration;
— describes the path to supply chain interoperability and integration;
— describes the structure of the supply chain interoperability and integration series;
— establishes the relationship of the supply chain interoperability and integration series with other
International Standards.
The following is outside the scope of this document:
— the interoperability and integration of the physical objects or services exchanged.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 25500-2, Supply chain interoperability and integration — Part 2: Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 25500-2 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principles of supply chain interoperability, integration and the industrial internet
4.1 General
The industrial internet, along with supply chain interoperability and integration, is represented by
an intelligent service model which can be used to improve the quality of the data necessary for demand

forecasting and logistics management across independent systems encompassing the orchestrate, plan,
order, source, make, deliver, return and disposal functionality in a modern sustainable economic framework.
Data verification is achieved by implementing a standard process for requesting:
a) the verification of identifiers;
b) the characteristic data the identifier represents; or
c) using characteristic data to search for identifiers.
This data verification process is built on key data pieces which can be secured by trading partners by
including a supply chain data formatting clause in their contracts.
4.2 Supply chain data formatting contract clause
Modern supply chains are data-intensive; they involve multiple stakeholders who must ensure that the data
they exchange is unambiguous and can be trusted.
A supply chain data formatting contract clause shall require standardization (referencing relevant parts
of the ISO 8000 series and the ISO 25500 series) designed to ensure the unambiguous identification and
description of “who ”, “what”, “where”, and “when” to ensure clarity and consistency when sharing data
between supply chain stakeholders. Table 1 provides an example of a supply chain data formatting contract
clause.
Table 1 — Illustration of a supply chain data formatting contract clause
Data Requirement
General Supplier hereby accepts responsibility for providing the data necessary for the installation, oper-
ation, maintenance, or training purposes of the item covered by this contract including technical
data and specifications, studies, analyses, test data, or similar data, when the study, analysis,
test, or similar work was specified as an element of performance. The data shall be formatted as
follows:
Dates All dates and times shall be formatted in accordance with ISO 8601-1.
Legal entity All legal entities supplying goods or services under this contract shall be identified by their inter-
identification national business identifier (IBID) formatted in accordance with ISO 25500-3 or their legal name
and international business registration number (IBRN) formatted in accordance with ISO 8000-
116.
Locations All locations shall be identified using a natural location identifier (NLI) formatted in accordance
with ISO 8000-118.
Item All items shall be identified using an international part number (IPN) formatted in accordance
identification with ISO 8000-115.
Characteristic The technical data that describes the physical, functional, and performance characteristics of an
data item, component, or process shall be provided in interoperable data format (.idf) as described in
accordance with ISO 8000-114.
Annex B provides notes and examples for the supply chain data formatting contract clause’s standard
requirements.
4.3 Supply chain data verification
The ISO 25500 series presents the essential components of the industrial internet, with the supply chain
data formatting contract clause bringing in key data from trading partners, and by providing a standard
process for data verification to occur in a secure environment. This process uses registered ISO 8000-115
prefixes for both parties and callback security that routes the requests and the replies through a PNS. The
PNS maintains in each prefix record the IBID to definitively identify the prefix owner while protecting
privacy by keeping confidential the electronic address information used for the verified data exchange.

5 The ISO 25500 series path to supply chain interoperability and integration
The ISO 25500 series provides standards in the field of supply chain interoperability and integration for
industrial enterprises that leverages artificial intelligence (AI) as the new generation of information
technology, flexible manufacturing technology, and structurally flexible supply chains.
The ISO 25500 series is intended to research, develop, and maintain international standards for an eco-
system that promotes interoperable, integrated, and sustai
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