ISO 25500-120:2026

International
Standard
ISO 25500-120
First edition
Supply chain interoperability and
2026-11
integration —
Part 120:
Verification of data in support of
local purchasing
Interopérabilité et intégration dans la chaîne
d'approvisionnement —
Partie 120: Vérification des données à l'appui de la localisation
d'achat
Reference number
© ISO 2026
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Item origin: resolution and search processes . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Resolve item identifier to origin data: request and reply for the item HS code .2
4.2.1 Request to resolve an item identifier to the item’s HS .2
4.2.2 Reply to request to resolve an item identifier to the item’s HS .2
4.3 Search item origin data: request and reply for international facility identifier .2
4.3.1 Request to search for IFI where item originates given item’s ISO 8000-115
identifier .2
4.3.2 Reply to request to search for IFI where item originates given item’s ISO 8000-
115 identifier .3
5 Conformance . 3
Annex A (informative) Document identification . 4
Bibliography . 5

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
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constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration,
Subcommittee SC 5, Interoperability, integration, and architectures for enterprise systems and automation
applications.
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complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
At its most basic, labour and materials come together at a facility to create products and waste as illustrated
in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Basic production process
For materials, products, or services to be legally exchanged, they must be identified and described. In
addition, for the purposes of supply chain management, the physical location of the origin of materials or
products and the performance of services and the location of the legal entity controlling the production
or distribution process both need to be taken into consideration. This is enabled by an international
facility identifier (IFI) that captures both by combining the ISO 8000-116 formatted international business
registration number (IBRN) of the legal entity responsible for the operation of the facility, followed by a pipe
character (U+0007C) as a separator, and then the ISO 8000-118 formatted natural location identifier (NLI)
of the facility. The ISO 8000-115 prefix for this identifier is ISO.IFI which is then followed by a colon and the
IFI.
Location is important in respect to compliance with government regulations but also to insurance and local
taxation. Insurance relies on location to determine liability. For example, in the case of a pallet being moved
from a warehouse into a waiting truck, the threshold of the loading dock is the point of demarcation: when
the pallet crosses the point of demarcation legal liability for damage to the content of the pallet is transferred
from the insurer of warehouse to the insurer of the truck.
The best practice in purchasing is to buy an item at the lowest total cost including taxes, fees, and
transportation. There are many other and frequently competing factors that need to be taken into
consideration in creating a cost effective and resilient supply chain that minimizes the short term or
longer-term risks associated with the potential for supply chain disruption. One of these considerations
is government local purchasing requirements. As part of their economic development or security
strategies, many governments seek to encourage the sourcing of goods and services from local suppliers
and occasionally from specific socioeconomic categories of suppliers (small business, minority, women or
veteran owned businesses). Governments can also control or influence international purchasing through
the imposition of sanctions, tariffs and quotas as well as non-tariff barriers that can be applied not only to
countries but also to specific geographic regions or to specific suppliers.
Global trade is regulated through multilateral trade agreements. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
(GATT) provided the rules for much of world trade from 1948 to 1994 and the World Trade Organization
(WTO), created on 1995-01-01, expanded the GATT that mainly dealt with trade in goods, to cover trade in
services and intellectual property.
There are two concepts that are central to the WTO: first, the country of origin and, secondly, the World
Customs Organization (WCO) harmonized system (HS) codes.
a) Rules of origin: Country
...