91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
ICS 91.100.50 Details
Binders. Sealing materials
Bindemittel. Dichtungsstoffe
Liants. Matériaux d'étanchéité
Veziva. Tesnilni materiali
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This document specifies the procedures for producing substrates of mortar, glass and anodized aluminium used for testing sealants. This document defines the composition and the method of preparation of the test substrates to ensure the reproducibility of the tests conducted on sealants. The substrates defined in this document are indicators of the sealant's performance and not substrates which reproduce the characteristics of the construction materials.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of the adhesion and cohesion properties of sealants after cyclic exposure to heat and artificial light followed by a period of exposure to water at a defined temperature.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the adhesion and cohesion properties of sealants after cyclic exposure to heat and artificial light followed by a period of exposure to water at a defined temperature.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
Plastic waterproofing sheets generate plastic waste at different stages during their life cycle: production, construction process, service life and end-of-life.
This document specifies the source of recyclate made from pre-consumer material and post-consumer material as it is used in new products. These new products can be plastic waterproofing sheets, other sheets, other construction products or other products.
It defines terms and definitions.
It gives guidance for assessing the recyclates intended for use in the production of new products.
This document is applicable for similar products as construction sheets or membranes consisting of polymers or plastic components such as: swimming pool membranes, geosynthetic membranes, garden ponds membranes, protection membranes, accessories based on thermoplastic material such as walkways, prefabricated pieces. The listing is not exhaustive.
NOTE The design for recycling of packaging, including the recycling itself, is defined in the CEN/TC 261 “Packaging”.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the adhesion and cohesion properties of sealants after cyclic exposure to heat and artificial light followed by a period of exposure to water at a defined temperature.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of the resistance tearing (nail shank) of bitumen sheets for roofing.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the length, width and straightness of bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
Plastic waterproofing sheets generate plastic waste at different stages during their life cycle: production, construction process, service life and end-of-life.
This document specifies the source of recyclate made from pre-consumer material and post-consumer material as it is used in new products. These new products can be plastic waterproofing sheets, other sheets, other construction products or other products.
It defines terms and definitions.
It gives guidance for assessing the recyclates intended for use in the production of new products.
This document is applicable for similar products as construction sheets or membranes consisting of polymers or plastic components such as: swimming pool membranes, geosynthetic membranes, garden ponds membranes, protection membranes, accessories based on thermoplastic material such as walkways, prefabricated pieces. The listing is not exhaustive.
NOTE The design for recycling of packaging, including the recycling itself, is defined in the CEN/TC 261 “Packaging”.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the length, width and straightness of bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the resistance tearing (nail shank) of bitumen sheets for roofing.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the adhesivity of cut-back or fluxed bituminous binders coated onto aggregate when immersed in water.
The method can be used with a reference aggregate. In that case, it measures the intrinsic adhesion behaviour of a cut-back and fluxed bituminous binder. The method can also be used with a specific aggregate as used on a job site.
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For environmental reasons and to reduce emissions to air, water and soil, it is recommended to limit the use of products, solvents and energy to the minimum required for a valid test result.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the conditioning of bitumen or bituminous binders in order to provide for measuring the combined effects of heat and air on a thin moving film of bitumen or bituminous binder simulating the hardening which most bituminous binders undergo during mixing in an asphalt mixing plant. The method is referred to as RTFOT - Rolling Thin Film Oven Test.
The method described is applicable to paving grade bitumen. The method described is also applicable to other bituminous binders considering that the reference temperature can result in excessive hardening that does not resemble real conditions during mixing at the plant. It is possible that the method does not represent the hardening that occurs during mixing bitumen used for warm mix asphalt.
The method described is not applicable to those binders having a viscosity at the tested temperature not allowing to provide a moving film. In some cases, it is possible that the test sample creeps out of the glass container and flows on the heating elements of the oven during testing.
The method described is not applicable to binders with volatiles components present. In case of cutback bitumen or bituminous emulsion, the described procedure is only applicable after being stabilized, e.g. in accordance with EN 13074-2 [9].
WARNING - Use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to identify the hazards and assess the risks involved in performing this test method and to implement sufficient control measures to protect individual operators (and the environment). This includes appropriate safety and health practices and determination of the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for preparing test samples of bitumens and bituminous binders in order to test their properties.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides product category rules (PCR) for the assessment of the environmental performance of reinforced bitumen, plastic and rubber flexible sheets for which the intended use is roof waterproofing.
NOTE The reference product standards are EN 13707 and EN 13956.
This document is intended to be used for the development and issue of a cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4 and module D EPD using specific data. This document includes requirements and rules to:
- define the indicators to be declared and the way in which they are collected and reported;
- describe which stages of a product’s life cycle are considered in the EPD and which processes are to be included in the life cycle stages;
- include the rules for calculating the life cycle inventory (LCI) and the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) underlying an EPD, including the specification of the quality of the applied data.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides product category rules (PCR) for the assessment of the environmental performance of reinforced bitumen, plastic and rubber flexible sheets for which the intended use is roof waterproofing.
NOTE The reference product standards are EN 13707 and EN 13956.
This document is intended to be used for the development and issue of a cradle to grave and module D EPD using:
- either generic data and system generic data;
or
- specific data and system specific data.
This document includes requirements and rules to:
- define the indicators to be declared and the way in which they are collected and reported;
- describe which stages of a product’s life cycle are considered in the EPD and which processes are to be included in the life cycle stages;
- include the rules for calculating the life cycle inventory (LCI) and the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) underlying an EPD, including the specification of the quality of the applied data;
- define generic data and system generic data which are to be used for an EPD.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard defines terms for paving or industrial bitumen of various types and binders derived from bitumen.
This European Standard is intended to cover materials only within the scope of CEN/TC 336, i.e. only bitumens and bituminous binders. It should consequently not extend to non-petroleum "hydrocarbon" binders such as coal tar and its derivatives or to natural asphalts. However, some definitions are given for some excluded materials and related terms. The corresponding terms were introduced only when they appeared in a definition of a product or process and when their definition was found necessary for understanding or for avoiding any ambiguity.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish, French and German languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides an overview of:
- current requirements in the European Union and in individual European states to address sustainability in the field of construction works where bitumens and bituminous binders are used;
- the requirements of the Construction Products Regulation (CPR) on environmental sustainability and analyses the implications for bitumens and bituminous binders;
- existing horizontal standard EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 related to core rules for the product category of construction products and assesses if it can be used without any additional documents for bitumen and bituminous binders;
- status of draft standards developed for specific complementary product category rules by CEN/TC 154, CEN/TC 227, CEN/TC 254 and any other relevant TCs, and assesses if these drafts could require any additional documents specific for bitumens and bituminous binders;
- other relevant documents.
This document is intended to provide support to CEN/TC 336 for assessing the need for any further standardization documents covering specific product category rules for bitumens and bituminous binders or for other standardization documents in the field of environmental sustainability of bituminous binders.
This document covers bitumens and bituminous binders as described in EN 12597, including cut-back and fluxed bituminous binder, and bitumen emulsion, as used in construction works.
- Technical report24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the needle penetration of bitumens and bituminous binders.
The standard procedure for the determination of the needle penetration (consistency) is described for penetrations up to (330 × 0,1) mm at a temperature of 25 °C. The method also allows for penetrations up to (500 × 0,1) mm using a longer needle.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the needle penetration of bitumens and bituminous binders.
The standard procedure for the determination of the needle penetration (consistency) is described for penetrations up to (330 × 0,1) mm at a temperature of 25 °C. The method also allows for penetrations up to (500 × 0,1) mm using a longer needle.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the conditioning of bitumen or bituminous binders in order to provide for measuring the combined effects of heat and air on a thin moving film of bitumen or bituminous binder simulating the hardening which most bituminous binders undergo during mixing in an asphalt mixing plant. The method is referred to as RTFOT - Rolling Thin Film Oven Test.
The method described is applicable to paving grade bitumen. The method described is also applicable to other bituminous binders considering that the reference temperature can result in excessive hardening that does not resemble real conditions during mixing at the plant. It is possible that the method does not represent the hardening that occurs during mixing bitumen used for warm mix asphalt.
The method described is not applicable to those binders having a viscosity at the tested temperature not allowing to provide a moving film. In some cases, it is possible that the test sample creeps out of the glass container and flows on the heating elements of the oven during testing.
The method described is not applicable to binders with volatiles components present. In case of cutback bitumen or bituminous emulsion, the described procedure is only applicable after being stabilized, e.g. in accordance with EN 13074-2 [9].
WARNING - Use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to identify the hazards and assess the risks involved in performing this test method and to implement sufficient control measures to protect individual operators (and the environment). This includes appropriate safety and health practices and determination of the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes an index test for the determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic on a hard surface, exposed to the impact load of a hemispherical object.
The index test measures the change in thickness of a thin lead plate lying between the geosynthetic and a rigid support.
It is also used as a performance test, by using the real rigid surface to protect and the real sequence of geosynthetics.
The test is applicable to all geosynthetics with apertures smaller than 15 mm (maximum size).
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard defines terms for paving or industrial bitumen of various types and binders derived from bitumen.
This European Standard is intended to cover materials only within the scope of CEN/TC 336, i.e. only bitumens and bituminous binders. It should consequently not extend to non-petroleum "hydrocarbon" binders such as coal tar and its derivatives or to natural asphalts. However, some definitions are given for some excluded materials and related terms. The corresponding terms were introduced only when they appeared in a definition of a product or process and when their definition was found necessary for understanding or for avoiding any ambiguity.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish, French and German languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for preparing test samples of bitumens and bituminous binders in order to test their properties.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes an index test for the determination of the protection efficiency of a geosynthetic on a hard surface, exposed to the impact load of a hemispherical object.
The index test measures the change in thickness of a thin lead plate lying between the geosynthetic and a rigid support.
It is also used as a performance test, by using the real rigid surface to protect and the real sequence of geosynthetics.
The test is applicable to all geosynthetics with apertures smaller than 15 mm (maximum size).
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides an overview of:
- current requirements in the European Union and in individual European states to address sustainability in the field of construction works where bitumens and bituminous binders are used;
- the requirements of the Construction Products Regulation (CPR) on environmental sustainability and analyses the implications for bitumens and bituminous binders;
- existing horizontal standard EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 related to core rules for the product category of construction products and assesses if it can be used without any additional documents for bitumen and bituminous binders;
- status of draft standards developed for specific complementary product category rules by CEN/TC 154, CEN/TC 227, CEN/TC 254 and any other relevant TCs, and assesses if these drafts could require any additional documents specific for bitumens and bituminous binders;
- other relevant documents.
This document is intended to provide support to CEN/TC 336 for assessing the need for any further standardization documents covering specific product category rules for bitumens and bituminous binders or for other standardization documents in the field of environmental sustainability of bituminous binders.
This document covers bitumens and bituminous binders as described in EN 12597, including cut-back and fluxed bituminous binder, and bitumen emulsion, as used in construction works.
- Technical report24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides product category rules (PCR) for the assessment of the environmental performance of reinforced bitumen, plastic and rubber flexible sheets for which the intended use is roof waterproofing.
NOTE The reference product standards are EN 13707 and EN 13956.
This document is intended to be used for the development and issue of a cradle to grave and module D EPD using:
- either generic data and system generic data;
or
- specific data and system specific data.
This document includes requirements and rules to:
- define the indicators to be declared and the way in which they are collected and reported;
- describe which stages of a product’s life cycle are considered in the EPD and which processes are to be included in the life cycle stages;
- include the rules for calculating the life cycle inventory (LCI) and the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) underlying an EPD, including the specification of the quality of the applied data;
- define generic data and system generic data which are to be used for an EPD.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides product category rules (PCR) for the assessment of the environmental performance of reinforced bitumen, plastic and rubber flexible sheets for which the intended use is roof waterproofing.
NOTE The reference product standards are EN 13707 and EN 13956.
This document is intended to be used for the development and issue of a cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4 and module D EPD using specific data. This document includes requirements and rules to:
- define the indicators to be declared and the way in which they are collected and reported;
- describe which stages of a product’s life cycle are considered in the EPD and which processes are to be included in the life cycle stages;
- include the rules for calculating the life cycle inventory (LCI) and the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) underlying an EPD, including the specification of the quality of the applied data.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method as an indicator both for the penetration resistance (hardness) and elastic recovery after de-loading (resilience) of hot applied joint sealants according to EN 14188-1 at 25 °C using a standard penetrometer fitted with a ball penetration tool.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method to characterize the heat resistance on samples of hot applied joint sealants according to EN 14188 1 by comparing the cone penetration and resilience values before and after exposure.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the material requirements for preformed, solid vulcanized rubber structural gaskets in sealing and supporting applications for buildings. NOTE Specifications for non-supporting gaskets are given in ISO 3934.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the evaluation of the fungal growth on sealants which are used in joints in building construction.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the scheme for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of hydraulic road binders, including certification of conformity of the factory production control.
This document provides technical rules for factory production control, testing of samples taken at the manufacturing plant (autocontrol testing), assessment of the performance of the hydraulic road binder, initial inspection of the manufacturing plant and of factory production control and continuing surveillance, assessment and evaluation of factory production control.
The guidelines given in the Technical Report CEN/TR 14245 [5] contain information for the application of this document.
NOTE In the context of this document the term, “construction product” refers to hydraulic road binder.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes a method for determining the flow resistance of hot applied joint sealants to characterize the stability at elevated temperature.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes a method for determining the resistance against alkali of primers for cold and hot applied joint sealants.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes a method for determining the homogeneity of primers for cold and hot applied joint sealants.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes a method for determination of the solids content and the evaporation behaviour of volatiles of primers for cold and hot applied joint sealants.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the evaluation of the fungal growth on sealants which are used in joints in building construction.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies characteristics and performances of plastic and rubber sheets for waterproofing of concrete bridge decks and other concrete surfaces trafficable by vehicles where the waterproofing is fully bonded to the concrete deck and fully bonded to the asphalt overlay.
This document does not cover concrete surfaces trafficable by vehicles where the waterproofing is not fully bonded to the concrete and/or not fully bonded to an overlay.
This document also states the test methods used for verifying the characteristics and gives rules for the assessment and verification of consistency of performance of the product.
- Technical specification15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies instructions for mounting and fixing for reaction to fire testing of factory-made underlays for discontinuous roof coverings and walls and contains provisions for direct and extended application rules.
These mounting and fixing procedures are not intended to be used for flat roofed waterproofing applications.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the breaking and immediate adhesivity behaviour of cationic bituminous emulsions in contact with aggregate. The method applies to emulsions used for surface dressing and similar applications and can be used for formulation as well as for production control purposes.
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a procedure for artificial ageing of flexible underlays which are used under discontinuous roof coverings. This is achieved by exposing test samples to UV-radiation, elevated temperature in combination with high relative humidity and elevated temperature in combination with accelerated air-speed.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies characteristics and performances of plastic and rubber sheets for waterproofing of concrete bridge decks and other concrete surfaces trafficable by vehicles where the waterproofing is fully bonded to the concrete deck and fully bonded to the asphalt overlay.
This document does not cover concrete surfaces trafficable by vehicles where the waterproofing is not fully bonded to the concrete and/or not fully bonded to an overlay.
This document also states the test methods used for verifying the characteristics and gives rules for the assessment and verification of consistency of performance of the product.
- Technical specification15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
Experience with testing in accordance with EN 13948 has shown that flexible sheets for waterproofing with different thicknesses, different colours, different formulations, different surface finishing, and different internal fabrics, amongst others, have passed the test successfully.
This document expresses the extrapolation rules of the results of root resistance testing in accordance with EN 13948 for roof waterproofing sheets manufactured in accordance with EN 13707:2004+A2:2009, and EN 13956:2012.
Experience with testing in accordance to EN 13948 has shown that the main critical points are represented by the joints. If joints are done in a proper way, it will avoid the penetration of roots during the test.
- Technical specification8 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general rules how to select the samples of correctly stored and handled samples of uninstalled bitumen, plastic or rubber sheets for waterproofing. It also specifies the procedures to be followed before the test piece is cut from the sample.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies instructions for mounting and fixing for reaction to fire testing of factory-made underlays for discontinuous roof coverings and walls and contains provisions for direct and extended application rules.
These mounting and fixing procedures are not intended to be used for flat roofed waterproofing applications.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a procedure for artificial ageing of flexible underlays which are used under discontinuous roof coverings. This is achieved by exposing test samples to UV-radiation, elevated temperature in combination with high relative humidity and elevated temperature in combination with accelerated air-speed.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the breaking and immediate adhesivity behaviour of cationic bituminous emulsions in contact with aggregate. The method applies to emulsions used for surface dressing and similar applications and can be used for formulation as well as for production control purposes.
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
Experience with testing in accordance with EN 13948 has shown that flexible sheets for waterproofing with different thicknesses, different colours, different formulations, different surface finishing, and different internal fabrics, amongst others, have passed the test successfully.
This document expresses the extrapolation rules of the results of root resistance testing in accordance with EN 13948 for roof waterproofing sheets manufactured in accordance with EN 13707:2004+A2:2009, and EN 13956:2012.
Experience with testing in accordance to EN 13948 has shown that the main critical points are represented by the joints. If joints are done in a proper way, it will avoid the penetration of roots during the test.
- Technical specification8 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the dynamic viscosity of bituminous binders by means of a vacuum capillary viscometer at 60 °C in a range between 0,003 6 Pa⋅s and 580 000 Pa⋅s. Other temperatures are possible if calibration constants are known. Bituminous emulsions and non-newtonian binders (e.g. some polymer modified bitumen) are not within the scope of this method.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to identify the hazards and assess the risks involved in performing this test method and to implement sufficient control measures to protect individual operators (and the environment). This includes appropriate safety and health practices and determination of the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies an accelerated long-term ageing/conditioning procedure for bituminous binders. The procedure involves ageing trays of binder at elevated temperatures under pressurized conditions in a pressure ageing vessel (PAV).
NOTE For binders to be used in hot and warm asphalt applications, the pre-conditioning of the sample can be performed using one of the methods in the EN 12607 series. For binders to be used in bituminous emulsion and cut back or fluxed applications, the stabilization of the sample is such that there are no volatiles remaining.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment, in particular, the use of a high pressure ageing vessel. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate health and safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. If there is the likelihood of volatile components being present in a binder, this procedure is not used.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day