prEN 196-14

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2026
Metoda preskušanja cementa - 14. del: Določanje trikalcijevega silikata (C3S),
dikalcijevega silikata (C2S), trikalcijevega aluminata (C3A) in tetrakalcijevega
aluminoferita (C4AF) običajnega cementa in klinkerja
Method of testing cement - Part 14: Determination of tricalcium silicate (C3S), dicalcium
silicate (C2S), tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and tetracalcium aluminoferrite (C4AF) of
common cement and clinker
Prüfverfahren für Zement - Teil14: Bestimmung von Tricalciumsilicat(C3S),
Dicalciumsilicat(C2S), Tricalciumaluminat(C3A) und Tetracalciumaluminoferrit(C4AF) in
herkömmlichem Zement und Klinker
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 196-14
ICS:
91.100.10 Cement. Mavec. Apno. Malta Cement. Gypsum. Lime.
Mortar
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2026
ICS 91.100.10
English Version
Method of testing cement - Part 14: Determination of
tricalcium silicate (C3S), dicalcium silicate (C2S),
tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and tetracalcium
aluminoferrite (C4AF) of common cement and clinker
Prüfverfahren für Zement - Teil14: Bestimmung von
Tricalciumsilicat(C3S), Dicalciumsilicat(C2S),
Tricalciumaluminat(C3A) und
Tetracalciumaluminoferrit(C4AF) in herkömmlichem
Zement und Klinker
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 51.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

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Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
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United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 196-14:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Principle of the method . 6
4.1 General. 6
4.2 Principle of the method for clinker phases calculation . 6
4.3 Principle of the method for cement phases calculation . 7
5 Expression of masses, volumes, factors and results. 7
6 Ignitions . 8
7 Determination of constant mass . 8
8 Preparation of a test sample of cement . 8
9 Reagents . 8
10 Apparatus . 9
10.1 Balance(s), capable of weighing to an accuracy of ± 0,0005 g . 9
10.2 Electromagnetic stirrer . 9
10.3 Membrane filters, preferably made from polycarbonate, 47 mm or 90 mm in diameter,
with maximum pore size of 1μ . 9
10.4 White band filter paper, ashless, Grade 40 . 9
10.5 Laboratory oven(s), capable of being set at (150 ± 5) °C . 9
10.6 Vacuum filtration device . 9
10.7 Vacuum pump, for vacuum filtration at negative pressures of approximately 700 mmHg . 9
10.8 Silica gel desiccator, with indicator . 9
10.9 Rod with rubber tip, to facilitate removal of any particles that stick to the sides of the
apparatus . 9
10.10 Hot plate (or sand bath), capable of being set to temperatures up to 350°C . 9
10.11 Sand bath, set to a temperature of (105 ± 5)°C (or bain-marie) . 9
10.12 Class A volumetric glassware, according to ISO 385 or ISO 835 . 9
11 Chemical analysis of clinker . 9
11.1 Determination of free lime . 9
11.1.1 Procedure . 9
11.2 Determination of carbonated free lime . 10
12 Chemical analysis of cement . 10
13 Determination of BCR residue on cement . 10
13.1 Procedure . 10
14 Chemical analysis of the BCR residue . 12
15 Determination of gravimetric sulfate (SO ) on cement test sample . 12
16 Determination of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the cement test sample . 12
17 Calculation and expression of results . 12
17.1 Calculation of C S, C S, C A and C AF content in the clinker . 12
3 2 3 4
17.2 Calculation of C S, C S, C A and C AF of different cement type denomination . 13
3 2 3 4
17.3 Calculation of the C S, C S, C A, C AF of clinker according to Bogue for cement types I; II/A -
3 2 3 4
D; II/A – L, LL and II/B – L, LL; CEM II/A-F and CEM II/B-F. 13
17.4 Calculation of the C S, C S, C A, C AF of clinker according to Bogue for cement types II/A - P,
3 2 3 4
V, W, T, M and II/B - P, V, W, T, M; IV/A and IV/B; CEM II/A-Q and CEM II/B-Q; CEM II/A-Z
and CEM II/B-Z . 14
17.5 Calculation of the C S, C S, C A, C AF of clinker according to Bogue for cement types II/A – S
3 2 3 4
and II/B - S; III/A, III/B and III/C; CEM VI/A (S-P), CEM VI/A (S-Q), CEM VI/A (S-V), CEM VI/A
(S-Z), CEM VI/A (S-F), CEM VI/A (S-L), CEM VI/A (S-LL), CEM VI/B (S-L), CEM VI/B (S-LL) 14
17.6 Calculation of the C S, C S, C A, C AF of clinker according to Bogue for cement types V/A and
3 2 3 4
V/B . 15
Bibliography . 16
European foreword
This document (prEN 196-14:2026) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and
building limes”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
1 Scope
This document describes the analytical procedures used to determine the content of tricalcium silicate
(C S), dicalcium silicate (C S), tricalcium aluminate (C A) and tetracalcium aluminoferrite (C AF) of
3 2 3 4
cement starting from a chemical analysis on cement. The method can be applied on all common cements
as defined on EN 197-1.
This document also describes the calculation procedures for determining of tricalcium silicate (C S),
dicalcium silicate (C S), aluminate (C A) and tetracalcium aluminoferrite (C AF) in the Portland cement
2 3 4
clinker as defined in the EN 197-1.
In both cases, for cement and clinker, the calculation method is based on the Bogue method assuming
each phase has a pure composition. This is a conventional method, whereby the actual mineralogical
composition can differ from the results obtained using this method.
For the determination of the various chemical species of clinker, cement and basic-complexing residue
(BCR) described in this document, the method is indicated in the relevant clause.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 196-2, Methods of testing cement — Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement
CEN/TS 196-4, Methods of testing cement — Part 4: Quantitative determination of constituents
EN 17200, Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Analysis of inorganic
substances in eluates and digests — Analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)
EN 17197, Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Analysis of inorganic
substances in eluates and digests — Analysis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
(ICP-OES)
EN 13656, Soil, treated biowaste, sludge and waste - Digestion with a hydrochloric (HCl), nitric (HNO3) and
tetrafluoroboric (HBF4) or hydrofluoric (HF) acid mixture for subsequent determination of elements
ISO 385, Laboratory glassware — Burettes
ISO 835, Laboratory glassware — Graduated pipettes
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
Bogue method
calculation procedure for estimating the potential proportions of the main clinker minerals (tricalcium
silicate – C S, dicalcium silicate – C S, tricalcium aluminate – C A, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite – C AF)
3 2 3 4
from the oxide composition of the cement or clinker, determined by chemical analysis, in accordance with
the empirical formulas established by R.H. Bogue.(Bouge, 1947).
4 Principle of the method
4.1 General
The calculation procedure specified in this document is based on the assumptions inherent in the
empirical formulas defined by the Bogue method.
4.2 Principle of the method for clinker phases calculation
From the chemical analysis of clinker, the contents of C S, C S, C A and C AF shall be determined by
3 2 3 4
application of the Bogue calculation.
To determine the amounts of CaO attributable to clinker, the following assumptions shall apply:
The amount of CaO* bound to the clinker phases is calculated from the total CaO content in the clinker
(CaOₜ ₜ), corrected for free CaO (CaOₗ), CaO present as carbonate (CaO ), and CaO present as calcium
O c
sulfate (CaO ).
SO3
Ca
The SO associated with calcium sulfate (SO ) is calculated from the total SO content in the clinker
3 3 3
tot Na,K
(SO ), corrected for the fractions of SO present as sodium and potassium sulfates (SO ).
3 3 3
CaO* = CaOtot - (CaO + CaO ) – CaO
l c SO3
Ca
CaO = 0,70 SO
SO3 3
Ca tot Na,K
SO = SO - SO
3 3 3
Na,K
SO = 0,849K O + 1,291Na O
3 2 2
where:
CaO* = is the total amount of CaO bound to C S, C S, C A and C AF in the clinker
3 2 3 4
CaOtot = is the total amount of CaO in the clinker
CaO = is the total amount of free lime in the clinker (11.1)
l
CaO = is the total amount carbonated free lime (11.2) in the clinker
c
Ca
SO = is the total amount of SO bound to CaSO in the clinker
3 3 4
tot
SO = is the total amount of SO in the clinker
3 3
Na,K
SO = is the total amount of SO bound to Na SO and K SO4 in the clinker
3 3 2 4 2
To determine the amounts of SiO attributable to clinker, the following assumptions shall apply:
The amount of SiO * bound to the clinker phases is calculated from the total amount of SiO in the clinker
2 2
(SiO ), corrected for total amount of SiO determined from the insoluble residue (SiO )
2, tot 2 2, insoluble
SiO *= SiO – SiO
2 2, tot 2, insoluble
where:
SiO * = is the total amount of SiO bound to C S, C S, in the clinker.
2 2 3 2
SiO = is the total amount of SiO in the clinker
2, tot 2
SiO , = is the total amount of SiO determined from the insoluble residue (HCL, NaHCO3
2 insoluble 2
extraction) in the clinker in accordance with the method specified in EN 196-2.
4.3 Principle of the method for cement phases calculation
For cement, the clinker-phase contents (C S, C S, C A and C AF) are established on the basis of the
3 2 3 4
determined amounts of CaO, SiO , Al O and Fe O present in the cement, corrected for the oxide
2 2 3 2 3
contributions from constituents other than clinker.
To determine the amounts of CaO, SiO , Al O and Fe O attributable to clinker, the following assumptions
2 2 3 2 3
shall apply:
— Any sulfate (SO ) present in the cement is assumed to be in the form of calcium sulfate, and all
measured CO is assumed to originate from CaCO . The contributions of CaO, SiO , Al O and Fe O
2 3 2 2 3 2 3
from minor additional constituents and from calcium sulfate shall be taken as zero.
— The residue obtained after treatment with the base-complexing reagent (BCR) is assumed to consist
exclusively of granulated blast furnace slag and pozzolanic materials (natural pozzolana, siliceous fly
ash and microsilica), and the dissolution during the procedure is assumed to be complete and
selective.
On the basis of these assumptions, and using the calculated quantities of calcium sulfate and CaCO , the
percentages of CaO, SiO , Al O and Fe O originating from the clinker can be obtained by subtracting the
2 2 3 2 3
oxide fractions contributed by the cement matrix and the BCR residue, corrected for the amounts of
gypsum and pozzolanic materials (see Figure 1)

Figure 1 — General outline of the analytical procedures and the chemical substances to be
determined
5 Expression of masses, volumes, factors and results
Express masses in grams to the nearest 0,0001 g and volumes from burettes in millilitres to the nearest
0,05 ml.
Express the factors of solutions, given by the mean of three measurements, to three decimal places.
Express the results, where a single test result has been obtained, as
...