CEN/TS 16628:2024

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2025
Energijske lastnosti stavb - Osnovna načela za skupino standardov EPB
Energy performance of buildings - Basic principles for the set of EPB standards
Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Grundlagen für das EPB-Normenpaket
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Principes fondamentaux pour la série de
normes sur la performance énergétique des bâtiments
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 16628:2024
ICS:
27.015 Energijska učinkovitost. Energy efficiency. Energy
Ohranjanje energije na conservation in general
splošno
91.120.10 Toplotna izolacija stavb Thermal insulation of
buildings
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

CEN/TS 16628
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
November 2024
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.01 Supersedes CEN/TS 16628:2014
English Version
Energy performance of buildings - Basic principles for the
set of EPB standards
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Principes Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Grundlagen für das
fondamentaux pour la série de normes sur la EPB-Normenpaket
performance énergétique des bâtiments
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 14 July 2024 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 16628:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction. 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Abbreviations . 8
5 General description . 9
6 Overall coordination . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Cooperation between CEN and ISO, general. 10
6.3 Coordination within CEN . 10
6.4 Coordination within ISO . 10
6.5 Cooperation between CEN and ISO on EPB standards. 10
6.6 Cooperation with adjacent or overlapping standardization areas . 11
7 Coordination regarding the common EPB quality . 11
7.1 Preparation and maintenance of the common EPB quality documents . 11
7.2 Work item proposals . 11
7.3 Preparation of EPB standards . 11
7.4 Maintenance . 11
7.5 Strategic planning . 11
7.6 External communication and marketing . 12
8 Application areas . 12
8.1 General . 12
8.2 Scope of the EPB standards . 12
8.3 Support energy performance regulations . 13
8.4 Energy services . 13
8.5 Building categories . 14
8.6 Different levels of complexities . 15
8.7 EPB assessment process. 15
8.8 Flexibility . 15
8.8.1 General . 15
8.8.2 Innovation and equivalent solutions . 15
8.8.3 Flexibility and adaptability to future needs . 16
8.9 Added value to the market . 16
8.9.1 General . 16
8.9.2 Procedures for tailored rating . 16
8.9.3 Procedures for building and system design . 16
9 Categories of EPB standards . 16
9.1 Modular structure . 16
9.2 Themes and use categories . 16
9.3 Numbering of the EPB documents . 17
10 Aspects related to national implementation . 17
10.1 General . 17
10.2 National choices . 17
10.3 Optional national application document . 17
10.4 Technical information on the set of EPB standards and feedback . 17
11 Common rules to verify the quality and consistency . 18
11.1 General . 18
11.2 Interoperability of each EPB standard . 18
11.3 Verification and demonstration of individual EPB calculation standards . 18
11.4 Relevance, sensitivity and balanced accuracy . 19
11.4.1 General . 19
11.4.2 Accuracy . 19
11.4.3 Reproducibility . 20
11.4.4 Simplicity. 20
11.4.5 Accuracy versus cost-effectiveness . 21
11.5 Transparency aspects . 22
11.6 Common example cases . 23
12 Overarching structure of each EPB standard and supporting documents . 24
12.1 Partitioning into documents . 24
12.2 Normative standards and informative accompanying TRs . 24
12.3 Common terms, definitions and symbols . 24
12.4 Common assessment boundaries . 24
12.5 Common building and systems partitioning rules for EPB assessment . 25
12.6 List of technologies to be covered . 25
12.7 Matching calculation time intervals . 25
12.8 Common rules on input values and assumptions . 25
12.9 Common operating assumptions and environment conditions . 25
12.10 Common overarching output . 26
13 Digital transformation . 26
14 Common template and editorial rules for each standard . 27
14.1 General . 27
14.2 Common template of an EPB standard . 27
14.3 Common technical and editorial rules for an EPB standard . 28
14.4 Common template and technical and editorial rules for an accompanying TR . 28
14.5 Common template and technical and editorial rules for a spreadsheet . 28
Annex A (informative) Overview of relevant quality aspects. 29
Annex B (informative) Cooperation between CEN and ISO . 31
Bibliography . 32

European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 16628:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 371 “Energy
performance of buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes CEN/TS 16628:2014.
editions of CEN/TS 16628:
— The changes in the organization, both in CEN and in ISO, that aims to safeguard the overall quality
and consistency of the set of EPB standards.
— Removal of redundant content that, after the publication of CEN/TS 16628:2014 has been covered
elsewhere.
— Improvements based on experience from the preparation of the EPB standards since 2014.
— Changes in the CEN and ISO rules.
— Discussions in the context of the preparation of a guidance document for the 2022 Systematic Review
of the EPB standards that were published in 2017.
— The digital transformation process: further -proactive- steps into the direction of making the
standards (closer to) machine readable and software ready (ISO SMART initiative [4], CEN initiative
Standards of the Future [5])
— In Europe, the European Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD) was revised
(2024) [3]. The role of the set of EPB standards is reinforced. There are also important changes in the
requirements on EPB calculation procedures and EPB indicators, minimum requirements and
certificates.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
CEN/TS 16628:2014 was prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association (Mandate M/480 [1]) to support requirements of EU Directive
2010/31/EC on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD [2]). It formed part of a series of standards
aimed at European harmonization of the methodology for the calculation of the energy performance of
buildings.
This document replaces CEN/TS 16628:2014 and aims to support the EPBD 2024 [3]. At the same time
this document aims to be of global relevance, because many EPB standards are also available at global
level as EN ISO standards and their number is increasing. This development strengthens the quality and
usability of the whole set of EPB standards. In case there are conflicting needs at a certain level of detail,
parallel options can be provided, as explained in this document.
The EPBD [3] intends to promote the improvement of the energy performance of buildings and the
reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from buildings within the European Union, with a view to
achieving a zero-emission building stock by 2050 taking into account outdoor climatic and local
conditions, as well as indoor climate requirements and cost-effectiveness. This Directive lays down
requirements as regards the common general framework for a methodology for calculating the integrated
energy performance of buildings and building units, the application of minimum requirements to the
energy performance of new buildings and new building units, existing buildings and building units that
are subject to major renovation, building envelope elements and technical building systems whenever
they are installed, retrofitted, replaced or upgraded. The Directive also lays down requirements as
regards to the application of minimum energy performance standards (read: requirements) to existing
buildings and existing building units, renovation passports, national building renovation plans,
sustainable mobility infrastructure in and adjacent to buildings, smart buildings, energy performance
certification of buildings or building units and specific inspection and control processes.
The use of international standards increases the accessibility, transparency and objectivity of the energy
performance assessment in the CEN and ISO member countries, facilitating the comparison of best
practices and supporting the market for high performing construction products. The use of EPB standards
for calculating energy performance, as well as for energy performance certification and the inspection of
heating systems and boilers, ventilation and air-conditioning systems will reduce costs compared to
developing different standards at national level.
The mandate to CEN (M/480 [1]) was issued to reformulate and add standards so that they become on
the one hand unambiguous and compatible, and on the other hand a clear and explicit overview of the
choices, boundary conditions and input data that need to be defined at national or regional level. Some
national or regional choices may remain necessary, due to differences in climate, culture and building
tradition, policy and legal frameworks. EPB standards should be flexible enough to allow for necessary
national and regional differentiation and facilitate implementation in different countries and the setting
of national or regional energy performance requirements.
The set of EPB standards aims to form a comprehensive package that is manageable and user-friendly for
regulators, product technical specification drafters, drafters of European Assessment Documents (EAD),
producers, notified bodies and users.
The basic principles and detailed technical rules were developed to ensure the necessary overall
consistency in terminology, approach, input/output relations and formats in all EPB standards. In these
rules and specifications, input from national legal authorities of EU and EFTA Member States were taken
into account.
This document has been developed to guide all future work on EPB standards. In order to facilitate
coordination, consistency and coherence of the set of EPB standards the following tools are available:
a) a Technical Specification on the basic principles to be followed in drafting EPB standards (this
document);
b) a Technical Specification on the detailed technical rules to be followed in drafting EPB standards
(CEN/TS 16629);
c) in addition, the following documents are available at committee level:
1) a template for the EPB standards;
2) a template for the EPB TRs that will accompany each EPB standard;
Other available support tools and informative documents are listed in CEN/TS 16629.
1 Scope
This document describes the basic principles to be followed in the development and maintenance of
standards intended to support the assessment of the overall energy performance of a building (EPB)
using a holistic approach.
This document supports the development and maintenance of a set of EPB standards that provides a
systematic, clear, consistent and comprehensive methodology for the benefit of professionals and
government entities. The main application is the assessment of the overall energy performance of a
building in the context of building regulations, e.g. to specify EP requirements, EP rating and EP
certificates.
The principles cover general and common aspects on the required quality, accuracy, usability,
consistency and interoperability of the EPB standards as a set and individually. For that purpose, this
document provides guidance on the process, structure and layout of these EPB standards and
accompanying publications, complementary to the CEN and ISO internal regulations.
This document forms the basis for detailed technical rules given in CEN/TS 16629, in the overarching
EPB standard, EN ISO 52000-1:2017, and in supporting documents.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CEN/TS 16629, Energy Performance of Buildings Detailed Technical Rules for the set of EPB-standards
EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings Overarching EPB assessment Part 1: General
framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
EPB standard
standard that complies with the requirements given in EN ISO 52000-1:2017, CEN/TS 16628 (this
document) and CEN/TS 16629 or superseding documents
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 3.5.14, modified — The definition has been editorially revised.]
4 Abbreviations
Abbreviation Term
EC European Commission
EP energy performance
EPB energy performance of buildings
Abbreviation Term
EPBD European directive on the energy performance of
buildings
IEQ indoor environmental quality
JAG joint advisory group
JWG joint working group
NSB National Standards Body of CEN and/or ISO
NWIP New Work Item Proposal
TC Technical Committee
TR Technical Report (of CEN or ISO)
5 General description
The holistic approach to assess the overall energy performance of buildings (EPB) consists of a family of
standards, each one covering a specific element or aspect: the set of EPB standards.
The holistic approach implies a close interaction between these EPB standards with respect to
definitions, input-output relations, methods, boundary conditions, common features and overall quality
as well as usability in the context of building regulations.
A standard that does not properly fit in the set of EPB standards can compromise the quality and usability
of the whole set and therefore it is important that such case can be identified and tackled. Therefore, all
work on (intended) EPB standards shall follow the basic principles and the detailed technical rules and
be in line with the overarching EPB standard, EN ISO 52000-1:2017.
This concerns both new work item proposals and published EPB standards that are subject to revision.
It also may concern review of (the set of) EPB standards in anticipation of or response to new
technological or policy developments.
More in particular, for (EN) ISO standards the numbers ISO 52000 through ISO 52150 are reserved for
the EPB standards. The ISO 52000 family is a strong brand mark provided that the high level of quality
for each standard in the set is safeguarded, also for future developments.
Consequently, EPB standards shall be drafted according to the basic principles (the “Why”) given in this
document and the actual detailed technical rules (the “How”) which are given in CEN/TS 16629 and
EN ISO 52000-1:2017 or superseding documents.
The various aspects involved are worked out successively in the following clauses.
6 Overall coordination
6.1 General
The overall quality and consistency of the EPB standards shall be maintained. This comprises the
preparation and maintenance of the EPB quality assurance documents, the preparation of work item
proposals, preparation and maintenance of standards, external communication and marketing and
strategic planning.
Consequently, in the domain of energy performance of buildings a special coordination shall be set up
and maintained so that all the standards dealing with the different domains of the overall energy
performance of buildings are written in the same way, they correctly cross-reference, they use the same
terminology, and they correctly follow the numbering systems specified in CEN and ISO for the set of EPB
standards.
Efforts shall be made to facilitate the sharing of information, communication and coordination between
Technical Committees and encourage joint development activities where appropriate, and where
relevant expertise is distributed across several groups, both within CEN and ISO. Where relevant,
practical rules could be worked out to ensure equal access to information and equivalent rights in the
various phases of the work.
These practical rules should complement but not contradict the CEN and ISO internal regulations ([6],
[7]).
6.2 Cooperation between CEN and ISO, general
Annex B describes the goals, principles and details of the CEN and ISO standardization activities and their
cooperation. On this basis the convergence between CEN and ISO EPB standards shall be consolidated
and expanded. This requires collaboration in the various phases of the development and maintenance of
the EPB standards, but also in the specification and evaluation of the EPB quality documents.
6.3 Coordination within CEN
To guard the coherency of EPB standards within CEN, central coordination by CEN/TC 371 (Energy
performance of buildings) is required, combined with active involvement and commitment of the parallel
CEN/TCs who have the technical expertise and competence regarding specific technological fields under
the holistic approach.
See CEN/TS 16629.
6.4 Coordination within ISO
The preparation of EPB standards of common interest of ISO/TC 163 and ISO/TC 205 and the
coordination of the overall quality and consistency of the set of EPB standards in ISO is in the hands of:
— the Joint Advisory Group of ISO/TC 205 and ISO/TC 163 (ISO/TC 205/JAG1, Coordination of ISO 52000
family),
— the ISO/TC 163 and ISO/TC 205 Joint Working Group (ISO/TC 163/JWG 4, Energy Performance of
Buildings using the holistic approach).
See CEN/TS 16629.
6.5 Cooperation between CEN and ISO on EPB standards
CEN ISO cooperation regarding individual EPB standards is based on the Vienna Agreement between
CEN and ISO ([8], Clause B.2)
The utmost shall be done to solve problems and difficulties that might be at hand in order to continue the
parallel work; to avoid that a specific difference leads to different standards between CEN and ISO, with
the risk of increased divergence and mismatch.
This can be achieved via one of the various practical solutions to make a differentiation for different
regions within a common EN ISO standard, as presented in CEN/TS 16629.
In addition, to safeguard the overall quality and consistency of the set of EPB standards, CEN ISO shall
also collaborate on:
— the preparation of the EPB quality documents: CEN/TS 16628 (this document) and CEN/TS 16629
and on checking the implementation;
— the specification of overarching issues provided in EN ISO 52000-1:2017;
— the standardization process;
— strategy and communication.
6.6 Cooperation with adjacent or overlapping standardization areas
Important adjacent standardization areas are:
— assessment of product data as input for specific EPB standards;
— assessment of carbon footprint or sustainability of a building or the built environment, using
output of the set of EPB standards as input;
— energy management;
— building information modelling (BIM).
See CEN/TS 16629.
7 Coordination regarding the common EPB quality
7.1 Preparation and maintenance of the common EPB quality documents
The EPB quality assurance documents should be kept up-to-date, in collaboration between CEN and ISO.
7.2 Work item proposals
In CEN:
CEN/TS 16629 gives rules to check if a new work item proposal and/or proposal for revision of an
existing EPB standard or TR fits in the set of EPB standards and to check if the proposed numbering is in
line with the agreed numbering system.
In ISO:
In addition to CEN: Any proposal for a new/revised deliverable in the set of EPB standards shall be sent
to the ISO/TC 163 or ISO/TC 205 leadership. Their JAG advises if the deliverable fits in the set of EPB
standards and advises the TC leadership and the TC 163 and TC 205 Technical Programme Manager, on
the issuing of an appropriate number from the ISO 52000 family.
7.3 Preparation of EPB standards
The WG convenor, with the help of the TC secretariat, shall monitor, during the development of
document(s), that the set of requirements for all EPB standards are met.
Because the EPB standard shall be as concise as possible, it is equally important that a draft of the
accompanying TR (see 12.2), to provide explanation, justification and examples, is being developed in
parallel with the standard. In case of an EPB calculation standard, the same goes for the spreadsheet tool
(see 11.3).
7.4 Maintenance
A complete overview of the set of EPB standards shall be made available and kept up-to-date, see
CEN/TS 16629.
It is important to monitor, also during the revision of document(s), that the set of quality criteria for all
EPB standards are met.
7.5 Strategic planning
The need for the new work or for harmonization areas of existing standards shall be identified as early
as possible, to optimize the use and sharing of resources for the development of standards or further
harmonization of existing standards needed for the assessment of the Energy Performance of Buildings,
including guidance on the assignment of the work.
7.6 External communication and marketing
The ISO 52000 family is a strong brand mark, provided that the high level of quality for each standard in
the set is safeguarded, also for future developments.
In order to maximize the relevance and impact, the set of EPB standards, and in particular the ISO 52000
family, should be continuously promoted externally.
8 Application areas
8.1 General
The set of EPB standards are primarily intended to assess the energy performance of buildings in the
context of building regulations: to set minimum energy performance requirements, as basis for
recommendations to improve the energy performance of a building (renovation) and for information (EP
label and certificate, e.g. for building owner, occupants, financial institutes and policy makers).
Within the jurisdiction of the EPBD, the application range of EPB standards is related to the applications
as required by the EPBD (see 8.5) and related to the variety in types of buildings, energy services and/or
technologies (see 8.4).
Details are given in:
— EN ISO 52000-1:2017;
— All relevant EPB standards.
8.2 Scope of the EPB standards
The set of EPB standards is designed to cover collectively:
— The overall energy performance assessment for new buildings or building units, for buildings under
design, for existing buildings and for buildings undergoing a major renovation.
— The determination of the partial energy performance on the level of building and system elements
and specific energy features.
— The possibility to check compliance with energy performance requirements and/or to provide
information on the energetic quality of the object.
— The assessment of the impact on the overall EPB and indoor environment quality (IEQ), including
thermal comfort.
— The collection and evaluation of measured energy performance data, respecting relevant data
protection regulations.
NOTE Such as in Europe: GDPR and Data Act.
— Specification of indicators for overall and partial energy performance.
— The preparation of the content of energy certificates and the assessment of an energy performance
class (label).
— System inspection of existing buildings.
— Economic evaluation of the overall EPB assessment.
For more details see CEN/TS 16629, including description of the typical actors and their roles.
8.3 Support energy performance regulations
The set of EPB standards is meant to support regulation needs. The EPB standards shall not contain
explicit or implicit energy performance requirements. The setting of requirements is the responsibility
of national or regional authorities. Instead, the EPB standards shall provide calculation and/or
measurement methods that can support regulation needs. The methods should take into account
different climates, building customs and political and economic situations.
The EPB standards shall not prescribe requirements on the EP certification process, but only describe
possible content of the EPB certificates.
EPB standards shall include definitions of numerical indicators that may be referenced as legal
requirements (i.e. efficiencies, U-values, …) and the procedure to calculate them to support energy
performance compliance check (regulation needs).
The set of standards shall specify boundary conditions and options for the practical application of the
defined indicators including possible options. The accompanying TRs need to include information on the
rationale for the options.
Some provisions within the standards could have an impact on this assignation: absence of methods or
tabulated values to appreciate certain common technologies are a form of implicit energy performance
requirements and so are implicit preconditions (e.g. a precondition within the calculation method that
the heating system has to be balanced). Such implicit requirements shall be avoided, unless needed to
ensure good practice.
8.4 Energy services
The set of EPB standards shall cover the following building energy services:
— heating;
— ventilation;
— cooling;
— domestic hot water;
— lighting;
— building automation and control;
— people internal transport systems (such as lifts, elevators).
The list of services may be refined for the purpose of a consistent and transparent overall modular
structure; for instance by explicitly adding (de-)humidification or e-mobility.
Therefore, rules shall be provided for reporting and on the impact on the energy performance if in specific
countries or regions, other services are included in the energy performance.
Because the EPB assessment is intended specifically for use in the context of building regulations, the set
of EPB standards is expected to cover the types of technical building systems that are listed in the relevant
regulations.
NOTE Regulations such as the EPBD in Europe.
In the calculation of the overall energy performance, interaction between different parts of the calculation
shall be taken into account.
A special case is an absent or undersized system: in this case the procedures shall be clear whether the
calculation shall be done following the principle of “presence of system” or the principle of “assumed
system”.
See CEN/TS 16629.
8.5 Building categories
A list of building categories shall be included in the EPB assessment.
NOTE 1 The list of building categories can be prescribed by regulations.
Typically the following building categories are included:
NOTE 2 This list complies with the list given in the EPBD [3] Annex I – Clause 6.
— Residential:
— single-family houses of different types;
— apartment blocks;
— Non-residential:
— offices;
— educational buildings;
— hospitals;
— hotels and restaurants;
— sports facilities;
— wholesale and retail trade services buildings;
— other types of energy-consuming buildings.
Many buildings contain spaces consisting of different categories.
EXAMPLE An office building can contain restaurant spaces, education spaces, sport facilities.
Space category:
The calculation procedures shall take into account possible differences in the assumed use and operation
schedules depending on the space category. In addition, to enable to check compliance with minimum
requirements and comparison against benchmarks, the set of EPB standards shall provide harmonized
rules to divide and attribute the assessed overall energy performance of the building to the individual
categories, or (the other way around) to aggregate the minimum requirements and benchmarks per
space category to the whole building, using some weighting average of the minimum requirements.
Rules have to be provided for reporting the energy performance of assessed objects that include different
building or space categories.
8.6 Different levels of complexities
EPB standards shall be applicable and appropriate for the whole range of buildings from existing
buildings with high energy use, to nearly zero energy buildings and zero emission buildings.
NOTE The EPBD:2024 progresses from the target of nearly zero energy buildings to the target of zero emission
buildings.
EPB standards shall be suited to deal with buildings with simple architectural design and/or technical
building systems, as well as buildings with complex architectural design and/or technical building
systems and everything in between.
A simple system does not imply that the calculation can be kept simple. Simple passive techniques are
typically more dependent on the dynamically (hourly) fluctuating indoor and outdoor conditions,
especially in low-energy buildings. So the required calculation procedure is as a rule more complex than
for buildings with active systems.
8.7 EPB assessment process
It is important to position the set of standards in the whole of the assessment process. This requires an
outline of the assessment processes in practice: the objective of the assessment, the crucial steps and an
illustration of how the standards support these activities.
The characteristics of data acquisition shall also be addressed since this is crucial for the accuracy,
sensitivity, reproducibility, practical feasibility and cost of the assessment. This is further dealt with in
Annex A. Special attention is needed for difficulties in assessing existing buildings, as is or under
renovation. This relates to the availability, accessibility and quality of data, unclear partitioning, intended
change in use of the building, etc.
To deal with such issues in a 'measurable' way, a set of common example cases is very useful. This is
further introduced in 11.6.
8.8 Flexibility
8.8.1 General
EPB standards shall include provisions to facilitate:
— the inclusion and promotion of innovative solutions;
— the inclusion of future needs;
— usability and the inclusion of added values and added societal benefits.
8.8.2 Innovation and equivalent solutions
8.8.2.1 Assessment
EPB standards for the assessment of energy performance shall as much as possible make it technically
possible to apply the principle of equivalence, in particular for innovative technologies that are not yet
covered by the standard procedures.
NOTE See EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and CEN/TS 16629 for further details.
8.8.2.2 Inspection
EPB standards on inspection procedures should allow inclusion of innovation and equivalent solutions.
NOTE See EN ISO 52000-1:2017and CEN/TS 16629 for further details.
8.8.3 Flexibility and adaptability to future needs
EPB standards should allow for adaptation for recently identified or future needs.
NOTE See CEN/TS 16629 for further details.
8.9 Added value to the market
8.9.1 General
EPB standards should facilitate broadening their usability to enhance their added value and additional
benefits to the building owner, occupant, the society or the market.
8.9.2 Procedures for tailored rating
The calculation procedures should be written in such a way that application for tailored rating is
facilitated. A tailored rating is a rating where the standard use, the standard environment and the
operating conditions are replaced to come closer to the actual situation. The purpose of the tailored rating
calculation shall always be clearly declared, because the results are as a rule not valid for formal building
energy performance assessment and rating.
NOTE See CEN/TS 16629 for further details.
8.9.3 Procedures for building and system design
The calculation procedures should be written in such a way that application for building and system
design is facilitated, where relevant.
9 Categories of EPB standards
9.1 Modular structure
The set of EPB standards has
...