19.100 - Non-destructive testing
ICS 19.100 Details
Non-destructive testing
Zerstorungsfreie Prufungen
Essais non destructifs
Neporušitveno preskušanje
General Information
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This document defines the terms used in ultrasonic non-destructive testing and forms a common basis for standards and general use.
This document does not cover specific terms used in ultrasonic testing with arrays.
NOTE Terms used in ultrasonic testing with arrays are defined in ISO 23243.
- Standard55 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the measurement of effective focal spot dimensions above 0,1 mm of X-ray systems up to and including 1 000 kV X-ray voltage by means of the pinhole camera method with digital evaluation. The tube voltage applied for this measurement is restricted to 200 kV for visual film evaluation and can be selected higher than 200 kV if digital detectors are used.
The imaging quality and the resolution of X-ray images depend highly on the characteristics of the effective focal spot, in particular the size and the two-dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the detector plane. Compared to the other methods specified in the EN 12543 series and the ISO 32543 series, this method allows to obtain an image of the focal spot and to see the state of it (e.g. cratering of the anode).
This test method provides instructions for determining the effective size (dimensions) of standard (macro focal spots) and mini focal spots of industrial X-ray tubes. This determination is based on the measurement of an image of a focal spot that has been radiographically recorded with a “pinhole” technique and evaluated with a digital method.
For the characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (i.e. for advertising or trade), the specific FS (focal spot) values of Annex A can be used.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test procedure for determination of the size of industrial radiographic gamma sources of 0,5 mm or greater, made from the radionuclides Iridium 192, Ytterbium 169, Selenium 75 or Cobalt 60, by a radiography method with X-rays. The source size of a gamma radiation source is an important factor which affects the image quality of gamma ray images.
The source size is determined with an accuracy of ±10 % but typically not better than ±0,1 mm.
The source size is provided by the manufacturer as the mechanical dimension of the source insert. A measurement can be required if the manufacturing process is validated or monitored after implementation of the source into the holder.
This document can be used for other radionuclides after validation.
The standard test method ASTM E1114 provides further information on the measurement of the Ir-192 source size, the characterization of the source shape, and its correct assembly and packaging.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard describes the general principles of acoustic emission testing (AT) of
materials, components, and structures made of fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) with the aim of
— materials characterization,
— proof testing and manufacturing quality control,
— retesting and in-service testing, and
— health monitoring.
This International Standard has been designed to describe specific methodology to assess the integrity
of fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP), components, or structures or to identify critical zones of high
damage accumulation or damage growth under load (e.g. suitable instrumentation, typical sensor
arrangements, and location procedures).
It also describes available, generally applicable evaluation criteria for AT of FRP and outlines procedures
for establishing such evaluation criteria in case they are lacking.
This International Standard also presents formats for the presentation of acoustic emission test data
that allows the application of qualitative evaluation criteria, both online during testing and by post-test
analysis, and that simplify comparison of acoustic emission test results obtained from different test
sites and organizations.
NOTE The structural significance of the acoustic emission cannot in all cases definitely be assessed based on
AT evaluation criteria only but can require further testing and assessment (e.g. with other non-destructive test
methods or fracture mechanics calculations).
- Draft25 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document defines the terms used in ultrasonic non-destructive testing and forms a common basis for standards and general use.
This document does not cover specific terms used in ultrasonic testing with arrays.
NOTE Terms used in ultrasonic testing with arrays are defined in ISO 23243.
- Standard55 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test procedure for determination of the size of industrial radiographic gamma sources of 0,5 mm or greater, made from the radionuclides Iridium 192, Ytterbium 169, Selenium 75 or Cobalt 60, by a radiography method with X-rays. The source size of a gamma radiation source is an important factor which affects the image quality of gamma ray images.
The source size is determined with an accuracy of ±10 % but typically not better than ±0,1 mm.
The source size is provided by the manufacturer as the mechanical dimension of the source insert. A measurement can be required if the manufacturing process is validated or monitored after implementation of the source into the holder.
This document can be used for other radionuclides after validation.
The standard test method ASTM E1114 provides further information on the measurement of the Ir-192 source size, the characterization of the source shape, and its correct assembly and packaging.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the measurement of effective focal spot dimensions above 0,1 mm of X-ray systems up to and including 1 000 kV X-ray voltage by means of the pinhole camera method with digital evaluation. The tube voltage applied for this measurement is restricted to 200 kV for visual film evaluation and can be selected higher than 200 kV if digital detectors are used.
The imaging quality and the resolution of X-ray images depend highly on the characteristics of the effective focal spot, in particular the size and the two-dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the detector plane. Compared to the other methods specified in the EN 12543 series and the ISO 32543 series, this method allows to obtain an image of the focal spot and to see the state of it (e.g. cratering of the anode).
This test method provides instructions for determining the effective size (dimensions) of standard (macro focal spots) and mini focal spots of industrial X-ray tubes. This determination is based on the measurement of an image of a focal spot that has been radiographically recorded with a “pinhole” technique and evaluated with a digital method.
For the characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (i.e. for advertising or trade), the specific FS (focal spot) values of Annex A can be used.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document defines the terms used in ultrasonic non-destructive testing and forms a common basis for standards and general use. This document does not cover specific terms used in ultrasonic testing with arrays. NOTE Terms used in ultrasonic testing with arrays are defined in ISO 23243.
- Standard44 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies radioactive tracer methods for the detection of a leak in pressured vessels and underground pipelines. This document applies to leak testing in pressured vessels and underground pipelines using a radioactive tracer.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides an overview of the operation of a computed tomography (CT) system. This document specifies steps for interpretation of CT results with the aim of providing the operator with technical information to enable selection of suitable parameters.
This document is applicable to industrial imaging (i.e. non-medical applications) and specifies a consistent set of definitions of CT performance parameters, including how these performance parameters relate to CT system specifications.
This document is applicable to computed axial tomography.
This document does not apply to other types of tomography such as translational tomography and tomosynthesis.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidance on the qualification of the performance of a computed tomography (CT) system with respect to various testing tasks.
This document is applicable only to industrial imaging (i.e. non-medical applications) and provides a consistent set of definitions of CT performance parameters, including the relationship between these performance parameters and CT system specifications.
This document is applicable to industrial computed tomography.
This document does not apply to other techniques of tomography such as translational tomography and tomosynthesis.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles and techniques for the characterization and sizing of previously detected discontinuities in order to ensure their evaluation against applicable acceptance criteria.
This document is applicable, in general terms, to discontinuities in those materials and applications covered by ISO 16810.
Phased array techniques can also be applied but additional steps or verifications can be needed.
- Standard58 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles for the application of the time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) technique for both detection and sizing of discontinuities in low-alloyed carbon steel components.
This document also applies to other types of materials, provided the application of the TOFD technique is performed with necessary consideration of geometry, acoustical properties of the materials, and the test sensitivity.
Although this document is applicable, in general terms, for discontinuities in materials and applications covered by ISO 16810, it contains references to the application on welds. This approach has been chosen for reasons of clarity as to the probe positions and directions of scanning.
Unless otherwise specified in the referencing documents, the minimum requirements specified in this document apply.
Unless explicitly stated otherwise, this document is applicable to the following categories of test objects as specified in ISO 16811:
— category 1, without restrictions;
— categories 2 and 3, specified restrictions apply (see Clause 10);
— categories 4 and 5 require special procedures, which are also addressed (see Clause 10).
NOTE Techniques for the use of TOFD for weld testing are described in ISO 10863 and the related acceptance criteria are given in ISO 15626.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies principles for determination of the thickness of metallic and non-metallic materials using the contact technique or immersion technique, based on measurement of the time of flight of ultrasonic pulses only.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the minimum image quality values (using IQIs) to ensure a uniform radiographic image quality. This document specifies the minimum IQI values for the two testing classes, A and B, of radiographic techniques as specified in ISO 5579. This document is applicable to the two types of image quality indicators as detailed in ISO 19232-1 for wire-type IQIs and ISO 19232-2 for step/hole-type IQIs, and for the two testing, classes A and B, as specified in ISO 5579.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods and acceptance criteria, within the frequency range of 0,5 MHz to 15 MHz, for assessing the performance of equipment dedicated for determining thickness using pulse-echo ultrasound, e.g. according to ISO 16809.
This document only specifies the verifications required for the determination of thickness.
This document is applicable to instruments with numerical display and instruments with A-scan presentation, each using either single- or dual-transducer probes.
The tests described in this document can be used for verifying equipment covered by ISO 22232-1 and ISO 22232-2 when used for thickness determination.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles for the application of the time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) technique for both detection and sizing of discontinuities in low-alloyed carbon steel components.
This document also applies to other types of materials, provided the application of the TOFD technique is performed with necessary consideration of geometry, acoustical properties of the materials, and the test sensitivity.
Although this document is applicable, in general terms, for discontinuities in materials and applications covered by ISO 16810, it contains references to the application on welds. This approach has been chosen for reasons of clarity as to the probe positions and directions of scanning.
Unless otherwise specified in the referencing documents, the minimum requirements specified in this document apply.
Unless explicitly stated otherwise, this document is applicable to the following categories of test objects as specified in ISO 16811:
— category 1, without restrictions;
— categories 2 and 3, specified restrictions apply (see Clause 10);
— categories 4 and 5 require special procedures, which are also addressed (see Clause 10).
NOTE Techniques for the use of TOFD for weld testing are described in ISO 10863 and the related acceptance criteria are given in ISO 15626.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles for the application of the time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) technique for both detection and sizing of discontinuities in low-alloyed carbon steel components. This document also applies to other types of materials, provided the application of the TOFD technique is performed with necessary consideration of geometry, acoustical properties of the materials, and the test sensitivity. Although this document is applicable, in general terms, for discontinuities in materials and applications covered by ISO 16810, it contains references to the application on welds. This approach has been chosen for reasons of clarity as to the probe positions and directions of scanning. Unless otherwise specified in the referencing documents, the minimum requirements specified in this document apply. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, this document is applicable to the following categories of test objects as specified in ISO 16811: — category 1, without restrictions; — categories 2 and 3, specified restrictions apply (see REF Section_sec_10 \r \h Clause 10 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000F000000530065006300740069006F006E005F007300650063005F00310030000000 ); — categories 4 and 5 require special procedures, which are also addressed (see REF Section_sec_10 \r \h Clause 10 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000F000000530065006300740069006F006E005F007300650063005F00310030000000 ). NOTE Techniques for the use of TOFD for weld testing are described in ISO 10863 and the related acceptance criteria are given in ISO 15626.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard22 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the minimum image quality values (using IQIs) to ensure a uniform radiographic image quality. This document specifies the minimum IQI values for the two testing classes, A and B, of radiographic techniques as specified in ISO 5579. This document is applicable to the two types of image quality indicators as detailed in ISO 19232-1 for wire-type IQIs and ISO 19232-2 for step/hole-type IQIs, and for the two testing, classes A and B, as specified in ISO 5579.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the minimum image quality values (using IQIs) to ensure a uniform radiographic image quality. This document specifies the minimum IQI values for the two testing classes, A and B, of radiographic techniques as specified in ISO 5579. This document is applicable to the two types of image quality indicators as detailed in ISO 19232-1 for wire-type IQIs and ISO 19232-2 for step/hole-type IQIs, and for the two testing, classes A and B, as specified in ISO 5579.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard10 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides an overview of the operation of a computed tomography (CT) system. This document specifies steps for interpretation of CT results with the aim of providing the operator with technical information to enable selection of suitable parameters.
This document is applicable to industrial imaging (i.e. non-medical applications) and specifies a consistent set of definitions of CT performance parameters, including how these performance parameters relate to CT system specifications.
This document is applicable to computed axial tomography.
This document does not apply to other types of tomography such as translational tomography and tomosynthesis.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides an overview of the operation of a computed tomography (CT) system. This document specifies steps for interpretation of CT results with the aim of providing the operator with technical information to enable selection of suitable parameters. This document is applicable to industrial imaging (i.e. non-medical applications) and specifies a consistent set of definitions of CT performance parameters, including how these performance parameters relate to CT system specifications. This document is applicable to computed axial tomography. This document does not apply to other types of tomography such as translational tomography and tomosynthesis.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard24 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document gives guidance on the qualification of the performance of a computed tomography (CT) system with respect to various testing tasks.
This document is applicable only to industrial imaging (i.e. non-medical applications) and provides a consistent set of definitions of CT performance parameters, including the relationship between these performance parameters and CT system specifications.
This document is applicable to industrial computed tomography.
This document does not apply to other techniques of tomography such as translational tomography and tomosynthesis.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies principles for determination of the thickness of metallic and non-metallic materials using the contact technique or immersion technique, based on measurement of the time of flight of ultrasonic pulses only.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles and techniques for the characterization and sizing of previously detected discontinuities in order to ensure their evaluation against applicable acceptance criteria.
This document is applicable, in general terms, to discontinuities in those materials and applications covered by ISO 16810.
Phased array techniques can also be applied but additional steps or verifications can be needed.
- Standard58 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies principles for determination of the thickness of metallic and non-metallic materials using the contact technique or immersion technique, based on measurement of the time of flight of ultrasonic pulses only.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard36 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document gives guidance on the qualification of the performance of a computed tomography (CT) system with respect to various testing tasks. This document is applicable only to industrial imaging (i.e. non-medical applications) and provides a consistent set of definitions of CT performance parameters, including the relationship between these performance parameters and CT system specifications. This document is applicable to industrial computed tomography. This document does not apply to other techniques of tomography such as translational tomography and tomosynthesis.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard11 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the requirements for the dimensions, material and manufacture of a steel block for setting, checking and verification of ultrasonic test equipment used in manual testing.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles and techniques for the characterization and sizing of previously detected discontinuities in order to ensure their evaluation against applicable acceptance criteria. This document is applicable, in general terms, to discontinuities in those materials and applications covered by ISO 16810. Phased array techniques can also be applied but additional steps or verifications can be needed.
- Standard50 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard55 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies test methods and acceptance criteria, within the frequency range of 0,5 MHz to 15 MHz, for assessing the performance of equipment dedicated for determining thickness using pulse-echo ultrasound, e.g. according to ISO 16809.
This document only specifies the verifications required for the determination of thickness.
This document is applicable to instruments with numerical display and instruments with A-scan presentation, each using either single- or dual-transducer probes.
The tests described in this document can be used for verifying equipment covered by ISO 22232-1 and ISO 22232-2 when used for thickness determination.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods and acceptance criteria, within the frequency range of 0,5 MHz to 15 MHz, for assessing the performance of equipment dedicated for determining thickness using pulse-echo ultrasound, e.g. according to ISO 16809. This document only specifies the verifications required for the determination of thickness. This document is applicable to instruments with numerical display and instruments with A-scan presentation, each using either single- or dual-transducer probes. The tests described in this document can be used for verifying equipment covered by ISO 22232-1 and ISO 22232-2 when used for thickness determination.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard16 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies principles for the tandem technique and the longitudinal-longitudinal-transverse wave (LLT) technique for detection of discontinuities perpendicular to the surface or almost perpendicular to the surface.
The general principles for ultrasonic testing of industrial products are described in ISO 16810.
The tandem or LLT techniques can be used for the detection of embedded planar discontinuities.
This document gives guidelines for the testing of metallic materials with a thickness between 40 mm and 500 mm with parallel or concentric surfaces.
The procedures provided in this document can be used for testing of other materials or smaller thickness if special measures are taken according to a written testing procedure.
Phased array techniques can also be applied for the tandem technique and the LLT technique, but additional steps or verifications can be needed.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the principles of ultrasonic through-transmission techniques.
Through-transmission techniques can be used for:
— detection of discontinuities;
— determination of sound attenuation.
The general principles required for the use of ultrasonic testing of industrial products are described in ISO 16810.
The through-transmission technique is used for the testing of flat products, e.g. plates and sheets.
Further, it can be used for tests, for example:
— where the shape, dimensions or orientation of possible discontinuities are unfavourable for direct reflection;
— of materials with high sound attenuation;
— on thin test objects.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general rules for setting the time-base range and sensitivity (i.e. gain adjustment) of a manually operated ultrasonic instrument with A-scan display in order that reproducible determinations can be made of the location and echo height of a reflector.
This document is applicable to contact techniques employing a single probe with either a single transducer or dual transducers. This document does not apply to the immersion technique and techniques employing more than one probe.
- Standard50 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements for the dimensions, material and manufacture of a steel block for setting, checking and verification of ultrasonic test equipment used in manual testing.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements for the dimensions, material and manufacture of a steel block for setting, checking and verification of ultrasonic test equipment used in manual testing.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies principles for the tandem technique and the longitudinal-longitudinal-transverse wave (LLT) technique for detection of discontinuities perpendicular to the surface or almost perpendicular to the surface.
The general principles for ultrasonic testing of industrial products are described in ISO 16810.
The tandem or LLT techniques can be used for the detection of embedded planar discontinuities.
This document gives guidelines for the testing of metallic materials with a thickness between 40 mm and 500 mm with parallel or concentric surfaces.
The procedures provided in this document can be used for testing of other materials or smaller thickness if special measures are taken according to a written testing procedure.
Phased array techniques can also be applied for the tandem technique and the LLT technique, but additional steps or verifications can be needed.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general rules for setting the time-base range and sensitivity (i.e. gain adjustment) of a manually operated ultrasonic instrument with A-scan display in order that reproducible determinations can be made of the location and echo height of a reflector.
This document is applicable to contact techniques employing a single probe with either a single transducer or dual transducers. This document does not apply to the immersion technique and techniques employing more than one probe.
- Standard50 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles of X-ray computed tomography (CT), the equipment used and basic considerations of sample, materials and geometry.
This document is applicable only to industrial imaging (i.e. non-medical applications) and provides a consistent set of definitions of CT performance parameters, including the relationship between these performance parameters and CT system specifications.
This document is applicable to industrial computed tomography.
This document does not apply to other techniques of tomography, such as translational tomography and tomosynthesis.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes the test method for determining residual stresses in polycrystalline materials by the synchrotron X-ray diffraction method. The method can be applied to both homogeneous and inhomogeneous materials including those containing distinct phases.
Information on how to carry out residual stress measurements by the synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique is provided as:
- the selection of appropriate diffracting lattice planes on which measurements should be made for different categories of materials,
- the specimen directions in which the measurements should be performed,
- the volume of material examined in relation to the material grain size and the envisaged stress state,
- the selection of the stress-free reference (sample) facilitating the residual strain calculation, and
- the methods available for deriving residual stresses from the measured strain data.
Procedures are presented for calibrating synchrotron X-ray diffraction instruments, enabling:
- accurately positioning and aligning test pieces;
- precisely defining the volume of material sampled for the individual measurements;
and also for:
- making measurements;
- carrying out procedures for analysing the results;
- determining their uncertainties.
The principles of the synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique are described and put into perspective with EN 15305:2008 and EN ISO 21432:2020, which are used to measure stresses in the bulk of a specimen.
- Technical specification49 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general rules for setting the time-base range and sensitivity (i.e. gain adjustment) of a manually operated ultrasonic instrument with A-scan display in order that reproducible determinations can be made of the location and echo height of a reflector. This document is applicable to contact techniques employing a single probe with either a single transducer or dual transducers. This document does not apply to the immersion technique and techniques employing more than one probe.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard43 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies principles for the tandem technique and the longitudinal-longitudinal-transverse wave (LLT) technique for detection of discontinuities perpendicular to the surface or almost perpendicular to the surface. The general principles for ultrasonic testing of industrial products are described in ISO 16810. The tandem or LLT techniques can be used for the detection of embedded planar discontinuities. This document gives guidelines for the testing of metallic materials with a thickness between 40 mm and 500 mm with parallel or concentric surfaces. The procedures provided in this document can be used for testing of other materials or smaller thickness if special measures are taken according to a written testing procedure. Phased array techniques can also be applied for the tandem technique and the LLT technique, but additional steps or verifications can be needed.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard16 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the general principles of X-ray computed tomography (CT), the equipment used and basic considerations of sample, materials and geometry.
This document is applicable only to industrial imaging (i.e. non-medical applications) and provides a consistent set of definitions of CT performance parameters, including the relationship between these performance parameters and CT system specifications.
This document is applicable to industrial computed tomography.
This document does not apply to other techniques of tomography, such as translational tomography and tomosynthesis.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the principles of ultrasonic through-transmission techniques.
Through-transmission techniques can be used for:
— detection of discontinuities;
— determination of sound attenuation.
The general principles required for the use of ultrasonic testing of industrial products are described in ISO 16810.
The through-transmission technique is used for the testing of flat products, e.g. plates and sheets.
Further, it can be used for tests, for example:
— where the shape, dimensions or orientation of possible discontinuities are unfavourable for direct reflection;
— of materials with high sound attenuation;
— on thin test objects.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document defines terms used in the field of computed tomography (CT). It presents vocabulary that is not only CT-specific but which also includes other more generic terms and definitions spanning imaging and radiography. Some of the definitions represent discussion points aimed at refocusing their terms in the specific context of computed tomography.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles of X-ray computed tomography (CT), the equipment used and basic considerations of sample, materials and geometry. This document is applicable only to industrial imaging (i.e. non-medical applications) and provides a consistent set of definitions of CT performance parameters, including the relationship between these performance parameters and CT system specifications. This document is applicable to industrial computed tomography. This document does not apply to other techniques of tomography, such as translational tomography and tomosynthesis.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard17 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the general principles for the ultrasonic testing of industrial products that permit the transmission of ultrasound.
The specific conditions of application and use of ultrasonic testing, which depend on the type of product to be tested, are described in documents which can include:
— product standards;
— specifications;
— codes;
— contractual documents;
— written procedures.
This document specifies the minimum applicable requirements, unless otherwise specified in the referencing documents.
This document does not specify:
— extent of testing and scan plans;
— acceptance criteria.
This document describes only conventional probes, however, the general principles for ultrasonic testing also apply to ultrasonic testing using array techniques. If array techniques are used, then additional steps or verifications can be needed.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the principles of ultrasonic through-transmission techniques. Through-transmission techniques can be used for: — detection of discontinuities; — determination of sound attenuation. The general principles required for the use of ultrasonic testing of industrial products are described in ISO 16810. The through-transmission technique is used for the testing of flat products, e.g. plates and sheets. Further, it can be used for tests, for example: — where the shape, dimensions or orientation of possible discontinuities are unfavourable for direct reflection; — of materials with high sound attenuation; — on thin test objects.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard12 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard12 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes the test method for determining residual stresses in polycrystalline materials by the synchrotron X-ray diffraction method. The method can be applied to both homogeneous and inhomogeneous materials including those containing distinct phases.
Information on how to carry out residual stress measurements by the synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique is provided as:
- the selection of appropriate diffracting lattice planes on which measurements should be made for different categories of materials,
- the specimen directions in which the measurements should be performed,
- the volume of material examined in relation to the material grain size and the envisaged stress state,
- the selection of the stress-free reference (sample) facilitating the residual strain calculation, and
- the methods available for deriving residual stresses from the measured strain data.
Procedures are presented for calibrating synchrotron X-ray diffraction instruments, enabling:
- accurately positioning and aligning test pieces;
- precisely defining the volume of material sampled for the individual measurements;
and also for:
- making measurements;
- carrying out procedures for analysing the results;
- determining their uncertainties.
The principles of the synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique are described and put into perspective with EN 15305:2008 and EN ISO 21432:2020, which are used to measure stresses in the bulk of a specimen.
- Technical specification49 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 3999:2004 specifies the performance, design and test requirements of apparatus for gamma radiography with portable, mobile and fixed exposure containers of the various categories defined in Clause 4.
It applies to apparatus designed to allow the controlled use of gamma radiation emitted by a sealed radioactive source for industrial radiography purposes, in order that persons will be safeguarded when the apparatus is used in conformity with the regulations in force regarding radiation protection.
It is emphasised, however, that so far as transport of apparatus and sealed radioactive source is concerned, compliance with ISO 3999:2004 is no substitute for satisfying the requirements of relevant international transport regulations (IAEA Regulations for the safe transport of radioactive materials: IAEA-STI-PUB 998, Safety Standards Series ST-1 and ST-2, and/or the relevant national transport regulations).
The operational use of apparatus for industrial gamma radiography is not covered by ISO 3999:2004. Users of this equipment shall comply with national regulations and codes of practice.
- Standard36 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard33 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard – translation35 pagesSlovenian languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day