SIST-TS CEN/TS 17158:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2018
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Composites made from cellulose based materials and thermoplastics (usually called
wood polymer composites (WPC) or natural fibre composites (NFC)) - Determination of
particle size of lignocellosic material
Verbundwerkstoffe aus cellulosehaltigen Materialien und Thermoplasten (üblicherweise
Holz-Polymer-Werkstoffe (WPC) oder Naturfaserverbundwerkstoffe (NFC) genannt) -
Bestimmung der Partikelgröße von lignocellulosehaltigem Material
Composites à base de matières cellulosiques et de thermoplastiques (communément
appelés composites bois-polymères (WPC) ou composites fibres d'origine naturelle
(NFC)) - Détermination des dimensions de particles de matières ligocellulosiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 17158:2018
ICS:
79.080 Polizdelki iz lesa Semi-manufactures of timber
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

CEN/TS 17158
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
April 2018
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 79.080; 83.080.01; 83.140.99
English Version
Composites made from cellulose based materials and
thermoplastics (usually called wood polymer composites
(WPC) or natural fibre composites (NFC)) - Determination
of particle size of lignocellosic material
Composites à base de matières cellulosiques et de Verbundwerkstoffe aus cellulosehaltigen Materialien
thermoplastiques (communément appelés composites und Thermoplasten (üblicherweise Holz-Polymer-
bois-polymères (WPC) ou composites fibres d'origine Werkstoffe (WPC) oder Naturfaserverbundwerkstoffe
naturelle (NFC)) - Détermination des dimensions de (NFC) genannt) - Bestimmung der Partikelgröße von
particles de matières ligocellulosiques lignocellulosehaltigem Material
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 10 December 2017 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 17158:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Principle . 5
4 Apparatus . 5
4.1 Vibrating sieve analysis . 5
4.2 Air jet sieve analysis . 5
4.3 Static image analysis systems . 6
4.4 Dynamic image analysis systems using automatic dispersion by jet air and image
acquisition with a CMOS-camera . 6
5 Calibration . 6
5.1 Vibrating sieve analysis . 6
5.2 Air jet sieve analysis . 6
5.3 Static image analysis systems . 6
5.4 Dynamic image analysis systems . 6
6 Procedure. 7
6.1 Sampling and preparation of test specimens . 7
6.1.1 General . 7
6.1.2 Vibrating sieve analysis . 7
6.1.3 Air jet sieve analysis . 7
6.1.4 Static image analysis systems . 7
6.1.5 Dynamic image analysis systems . 7
6.2 Observation and measurement. 7
6.2.1 Vibrating sieve analysis . 7
6.2.2 Air jet sieve analysis . 7
6.2.3 Static image analysis systems . 7
6.2.4 Dynamic image analysis systems . 8
6.3 Expression of results . 8
6.3.1 Vibrating sieve analysis . 8
6.3.2 Air jet sieve analysis . 8
6.3.3 Static image analysis systems . 8
6.3.4 Dynamic image analysis systems . 8
6.4 Test report . 8
6.4.1 Vibrating sieve analysis . 8
6.4.2 Air jet sieve analysis . 9
6.4.3 Static image analysis systems . 9
6.4.4 Dynamic image analysis systems . 9
Bibliography . 10

European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 17158:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249
“Plastics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
Either optical systems or sieve analysis can be used for the determination of particle size of wood flour
or flour based on alternative lignocellulosic materials for use in wood plastic composites. Microscopic
analysis is also possible but requires a significant amount of time and effort to generate statistically
viable results, hence, it is not suggested for this task. Particle size determination can be performed using
raw material as well as processed and extracted material to observe the effects of processing on particle
size. Optical systems and in addition, sieve analysis can be performed using a vibrating sieve or an air-
jet sieve in order to match results from optical measurements with those from mechanical
measurements and which are suitable to determine the mass of particles which are too fine or too
coarse. Sieve analysis does not generate any information regarding the shape of the particles and leads
only to a diameter-based, coarse size distribution. Therefore, size parameters supplied by optical
measurements cannot directly be compared with those from sieve analysis. Methods using active air-jet
dispersion are particularly suitable for material containing long natural fibres which tend to
agglomerate. Optical methods derive very similar results regarding the type of distribution and its
characteristic percentiles for the particle length and a shape factor (length/width ratio) if optical
resolution and weighting method are comparable. For a comparison between these measurement
principles see (Plinke et. al 2016 [2]).
This document is related to the determination of particle size of the lignocellulosic material used in the
preparation of wood-polymer composites according to EN 15534-1 and prEN 15534-2 for compounds.
Furthermore, the methods mentioned in this document can be used to determine the extent of particle
degradation after processing, i.e. after compounding and/or extrusion and injection-moulding.
Manufacturers of wood and other natural fibre producers and users of wood and natural fibres can use
the methods described in this document to determine particle size of their lignocellulosic raw materials
and to compare the particle size of their raw materials to alternative lignocellulosics. There are no
requirements for particle size of the lignocellulosic fillers used in WPC, however, it is useful to know
particle size for formulation development and to understand the relationship between particle size and
WPC properties such as strength, water uptake and swelling.
1 Scope
This document specifies mechanical and optical test methods for the determination of particle size of
lignocellulosic material for use in wood plastic composites (WPC) and natural fibre composites (NFC).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated
...