ISO 17536-1:2015

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 17536-1
ISO/TC 22/SC 5 Secretariat: AFNOR
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2014-08-13 2014-11-13
Road vehicles — Aerosol separator performance test for
internal combustion engines —
Part 1:
General
Véhicules routiers — Essai de performance du séparateur d’aérosols pour les moteurs à combustion
interne —
Partie 1: Généralités
ICS: 43.060.20
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ISO/DIS 17536-1:2014(E)
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©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2014

ISO/DIS 17536-1:2014(E)
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ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 17536-1
Contents          Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms, definitions, symbols and units . 1
2.1 Terms and definitions . 1
2.2 Symbols and units . 4
3 Measurement equipment accuracy . 4
4 Absolute filter, wall flow trap and leakage . 5
4.1 Absolute filter . 5
4.2 Wall flow trap . 5
4.3 Leakage . 6
5 Principles for aerosol separator performance tests . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Test equipment . 7
5.3 Determination of gravimetric separation efficiency . 8
Annex A (normative) Explanation of differential pressure and pressure loss of an aerosol
separator . 10
Annex B (normative) Test equipment . 11
Annex C (informative) Aerodynamic diameter . 13
Annex D (informative) Isokinetic sampling probes and information . 15
Annex E (informative) Life reference . 18
Annex F (normative) Validation of the absolute filter media . 19
Annex G (normative) Leakage . 20
Annex H (informative) Determination of maximum efficiency aerosol concentration . 21
Annex I (informative) Test Equipment 2 . 22

ISO/DIS 17536-1
Foreword
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rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 17536-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road Vehicles, Subcommittee SC 5, Aerosol
Separator performance for internal combustion engines.
ISO 17536 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road Vehicles — Aerosol separator
performance test for internal combustion engines:
 Part 1: General
 Part 2: Laboratory gravimetric test method［To be published］
 Part 3: Method to perform engine gravimetric test ［To be published］
 Part 4: Laboratory fractional test method ［To be published］
 Part 5: Method to perform engine fractional test［To be published, Technical Specification］
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 17536-1
Introduction
Engine crankcase blow-by is composed of combustion exhaust gases which have escaped to the crankcase
via piston ring seals and lube oil aerosols generated by thermal and mechanical action within the engine.
These gases must be vented from the crankcase to prevent a build-up of high pressure. The constituents of
vented engine blow-by gases are recognized as an undesirable contaminant and technology for their
containment is therefore evolving.
The device used to separate oil aerosols from the blow-by typically releases cleaned gases to atmosphere or
alternatively returns the cleaned product to the combustion process by feeding into the air inlet prior to the
turbo compressor. The latter has lead to the requirement for a pressure control device to isolate the engine
from turbo inlet suction.
The engine test methods presented in ISO 17536 are general guidelines for performing an engine test.
Annexes A ~ I of this part of ISO 17536 specify general and common provisions for aerosol separator
performance test.
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 17536-1

Road Vehicles — Aerosol separator performance test for
internal combustion engines — Part 1: General
1 Scope
This part of ISO 17536 specifies general conditions, defines terms and establishes the basic principles for
blow-by oil aerosol separator performance tests by laboratory or engine and gravimetric or fractional test
method.
Conformance of a device to legislation is outside of the scope of this standard and the appropriate regulations
must be consulted.
2 Terms, definitions, symbols and units
For the purposes of all parts of ISO 17536, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1 Terms and definitions
2.1.1
blowby
aerosol produced from engines and released through a crankcase vent
2.1.2
oil carryover
total amount of liquid oil captured in the downstream wall flow trap
2.1.3
filter element
replaceable part of the crankcase system, consisting of the filter material and carrying frame
2.1.4
crankcase ventilation system
device which separates oil and particles from the engine blowby before venting to either the engine (CCV) or
the environment (OCV)
2.1.5
differential pressure
difference in static pressure measured immediately upstream and downstream of the unit under test
2.1.6
pressure loss
measure of the loss of aerodynamic energy caused by an aerosol separator at the observed air flow rate due
to different flow velocities at the measuring point.
NOTE 1 It is expressed as the differential pressure corrected for any difference in the dynamic head at the measuring
points
NOTE 2 For further information, See Annex A.

ISO/DIS 17536-1
2.1.7
wall flow trap
device to capture oil that is flowing along the walls
NOTE  The wall flow trap design is drawn in Figure I.2.
2.1.8
absolute filter
filter downstream of the unit under test to retain the contaminant passed by the unit under test

2.1.9
piezometer tube
duct that has a hole or holes drilled in the wall to obtain a pressure reading
NOTE For further information, see Annex B, Figure B.2.
2.1.10
separator efficiency
ability of the aerosol separator or the unit under test to remove contaminant under specified test conditions
2.1.11
optical (equivalent) diameter
Do,i
diameter of a particle of the type used to calibrate an optical sizing instrument that scatters the same amount
of light as the particle being measured
NOTE Optical diameter depends on the instrument, the type of particle used to calibrate the instrument (usually
polystyrene latex spheres), and the optical properties of the particle being measured.
2.1.12
aerodynamic (equivalent) diameter
Dae
diameter of a sphere of density 1 g/cm with the same terminal velocity due to gravitational force in calm air,
as the particle being measured
NOTE 1   Annex C provides additional information about aerodynamic diameter.
NOTE 2 Aerodynamic diameter depends on the instrument, the type of particle used to calibrate the instrument (usually
polystyrene latex spheres), and the properties of the particle being measured.
2.1.13
pressure regulator
device between the outlet of the aerosol separator and air intake to regulate the crankcase pressure in high
vacuum conditions
2.1.14
mass oil flow
mass amount of oil per unit time
2.1.15
relief valve
device to direct a portion of the flow around a separation device due to a pressure difference, usually venting
to the atmosphere
2.1.16
bypass valve
device to direct a portion of the flow around a separation device due to pressure difference, usually venting
downstream of the bypassed separation device

2 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 17536-1
2.1.17
challenge aerosol
output from the aerosol generator or engine which corresponds to the distribution in testing and with the
amount of the mass feed rate.
NOTE The aerosol distribution by mass is prescribed in ISO 17536-2.
2.1.18
particle size
polystyrene latex (PSL) equivalent size expressed as a diameter in micrometers
2.1.19
isokinetic sampling
sampling in which the flow in the sampler inlet is moving at the same velocity and direction as the flow being
sampled.
NOTE    Annex D provides additional information about isokinetic sampling.
2.1.20
particle counter
instrument for sizing and/or counting aerosol particles
NOTE 1 Recommended particle counters are optical particle counters (OPC/OAS as per ISO 21501-1) or other counters
demonstrating good correlation in measuring particle sizes such as aerodynamic particle counters (APC).
2.1.21
coefficient of variation
COV
standard deviation of a group of measurements divided by the mean
2.1.22
unit under test
UUT
either a single aerosol separator element or a complete crankcase ventilation system
2.1.23
open crankcase ventilation
OCV
aerosol separator system that is attached to the crankcase and is vented to the environment
2.1.24
closed crankcase ventilation
CCV
aerosol separator system that is attached between the crankcase and the engine
2.1.25
aerosol separator
device that separates oil from the blowby stream or test stand airstream
2.1.26
high efficiency particular air filter
HEPA filter
filter having 99,95 % efficiency at most penetrating particle size (class H13 in accordance with EN 1822), or
99,97 % (or higher) fractional efficiency at 0,3μm using DOP aerosol as defined by IEST RP-CC001
recommended practice
ISO/DIS 17536-1
2.1.27
inertial separator
device that separates oil from the blowby stream using inertia
2.1.28
combination separator
device that separates oil from the blowby stream using inertia as well as a filter element
2.1.29
rated air flow
flow rate specified by the user or manufacturer
NOTE    The rated air flow is usually used as the test air flow.
2.1.30
test air flow
measure of the quantity of air pushed or drawn through the aerosol separator per unit time
2.1.31
aerosol generator
laboratory equipment that can produce a simulated blow
...