ISO/TR 19588:2017

TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 19588
First edition
2017-07
Background information and guidance
on environmental cyanide analysis
Informations et lignes directrices sur l’analyse environnementale
du cyanure
Reference number
©
ISO 2017
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Cyanide methods for soil, water, effluents and wastes considered for this document .2
5 Summary of cyanide species and degradation products . 3
5.1 Main cyanide species . 3
5.1.1 Free cyanide . 3
5.1.2 Simple (weakly complexed) cyanides . 3
5.1.3 Strongly complexed cyanides . 4
5.2 Cyanide degradation products . 4
5.2.1 Cyanogen halides . 4
5.2.2 Thiocyanate (SCN) . 4
5.2.3 Organic cyanides . 4
-
5.2.4 Cyanates (CNO ) . 4
5.2.5 Cyanide environmental fate and degradation potential . 5
6 Information on cyanide analysis parameters to determine various cyanide species
(see also Annex B) . 5
6.1 General . 5
6.2 Free cyanide. 6
6.3 Liberatable Cyanide . 6
6.3.1 General. 6
6.3.2 Easily liberatable cyanide (ELC) . 6
6.3.3 Free cyanide (or alternatively: easily liberatable cyanide) . 6
6.3.4 Weak acid dissociable (WAD) cyanide . 6
6.4 Total cyanide . 6
6.5 Cyanide amenable to chlorination . 7
7 Current ISO/CEN environmental cyanide standards (see also Annex C) .7
7.1 Water . 7
7.1.1 ISO 6703 . 7
7.1.2 ISO 17690 . 7
7.1.3 ISO 14403-1 . 8
7.1.4 ISO 14403-2 . 8
7.2 Soil . 9
7.2.1 ISO 11262 . 9
7.2.2 ISO 17380 . 9
7.3 Waste (Slurries) . 9
7.3.1 CEN/TS 16229 . 9
7.4 Concluding remark .10
8 Other national and international cyanide standards, methodologies and guides .10
8.1 General .10
8.2 USEPA Method Kelada-01: Kelada automated test methods for total cyanide, acid
dissociable cyanide, and thiocyanate, Revision 1.2 (2001) .10
8.3 USEPA Method 335.4 Determination of total cyanide by semi-automated
colorimetry, Revision 1.0 (August 1993) . .11
8.4 USEPA Method 9012b Total and amenable cyanide (Automated colorimetric, with
off-line distillation), Revision 2 (Nov 2004, Rev 2) .11
8.5 USEPA Method 9010C Total and amenable cyanide: Distillation (Nov 2004, Rev 3) .11
8.6 USGS I-2302/I-4302/I-6302 Cyanide, calorimetric, barbituric acid, automated-
segmented flow (1989) .11
8.7 EPA/OIA-1677-09 Available cyanide by flow injection, ligand exchange,
and amperometry .12
8.8 ASTM International methods .12
8.9 The Picric acid method for determining weak acid dissociable (WAD) cyanide .12
8.10 Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater standard
-
methods 4500-CN cyanide (1999) .13
8.11 The determination of cyanide and thiocyanate in soils and similar matrices
(2011). Methods for the examination of waters and associated materials, standing
committee of analysts, 2011 (Method 235) .14
8.12 The determination of cyanide in waters and associated materials (2007) Methods
for the Examination of Waters and Associated Materials, Standing Committee of
Analysts, 2011 (Method 214) .15
8.13 The Direct Determination of Metal Cyanides by Ion Chromatography with UV
[23]-[28] 15
Absorbance Detection .
9 Sample preservation and interferences .16
9.1 Sample preservation .16
9.1.1 ISO 5667-3 .16
9.1.2 ISO 17690 .17
9.1.3 Other cyanide methods .17
9.2 Interferences .18
10 Conclusions .19
Annex A (informative) Summary of cyanide terms and definitions .20
Annex B (informative) Summary of cyanide analytical methods .23
Annex C (informative) Summary of the methodology scopes and performance
characteristics of the ISO/CEN cyanide standards .28
Annex D (informative) Summary of ASTM international cyanide methods .37
Annex E (informative) Summary of potential cyanide method interference effects .42
Bibliography .46
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different appr
...