CISPR 11/AMD3/FRAG6

SLOVENSKI SIST-TP IEC/TR3 61000-2-
3:2004
STANDARD
april 2004
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 2: Environment - Section 3: Description
of the environment - Radiated and non-network-frequency-related conducted
phenomena
ICS 33.100.01 Referenčna številka
©  Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno

RAPPORT
CEI
TECHNIQUE
IEC
1000-2-3
TECHNICAL
Première édition
REPORT
First edition
1992-09
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM)
Partie 2:
Environnement
Section 3: Description de l'environnement –
Phénomènes rayonnés et phénomènes conduits
à des fréquences autres que celles du réseau
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
Part 2:
Environment
Section 3: Description of the environment –
Radiated and non-network-frequency-related
conducted phenomena
© CEI 1992 Droits de reproduction réservés —
Copyright - all rights reserved
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utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun pro-
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including photocopying and microfilm, without permission
les microfilms, sans raccord écrit de l'éditeur.
in writing from the publisher.
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Oo
1000-2-3 IEC – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 7
INTRODUCTION 9
Clause
1 General 11
1.1 Scope and object 11
1.2 Reference document 11
2 General considerations 11
2.1 Coupling between emitting and susceptible devices 13
2.2 Units and decibels 15
3 Source, coupling and susceptor models, and their limitations 17
3.1 Source models 17
3.2 Coupling models 25
3.3 Susceptible device models 35
4 Emission levels and the environment 35
4.1 Conduction environment 35
4.2 Induction field environment 35
4.3 Radiation field environment 37
4.4 Statistical considerations 37
4.5 Implications for limits 37
4.6 Environment implied by invoking of standard limits 37
5. Intentional emitters 43
5.1 Radio transmitters 43
5.2 Other sources of intentional radiation 43
5.3 Carri
er frequency current systems 45

1000-2-3 ©IEC – 5 –
Clause Page
6 Unintentional emitters 47
6.1 Physical noise sources 47
6.2 Man–made noise 49
6.3 Atmospherics 51
6.4 Electrostatic discharge 55
6.5 High-voltage and medium-voltage power lines 67
6.6 Low–voltage power lines 75
6.7 Signal and control lines 89
6.8 Appliances 91
6.9 Motors 91
6.10 Digital devices and systems 93
6.11 Radio and television receivers, monitors and video recorders 95
6.12 Fluorescent lamps 97
6.13 Industrial equipment 107
6.14 Traction systems 121
6.15 Ignition systems 121
7 Examples of environments 123
7.1 Residential and commercial environments 123
7.2 Industrial environments 127
7.3 Switching stations 127
7.4 Dedicated telecommunication switching centres 129
7.5 Hospitals 131
Bibliography 133
1000-2-3© IEC
– 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC)
Part 2: Environment
Section 3: Description of the environment -
Radiated and
non-network-frequency-related conducted phenomena
FOREWORD
1)
The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on
which all the National Committees having a special interest therein
are represented, express, as nearly as
possible, an international consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with.
2)
They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
3)
In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees
should adopt the text of the IEC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will
permit. Any divergence between the IEC recommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as
far as possible, be clearly indicated in the latter.
This section of IEC 1000-2, which has the status of a technical report, has been prepared
by IEC Technical Committee No. 77: Electromagnetic compatibility between electrical
equipment including networks.
The text of this section is based on the following documents:
CD
Report on Voting
77(SEC)103 and 103A 77(SEC)106
Full information on the voting for the approval of this section can be found in the Voting
Report indicated in the above table.
This report is a Technical Repo
rt of type 3 and is of a purely informative nature.
It is not to be regarded as an International Standard.

1000-2-3 © IEC –9 -
INTRODUCTION
IEC 1000 is published in separate pa rts according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General considerations (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits (in so far as they do not fall under the responsibility of the product
committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
rt
Pa 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
rt
Pa 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into sections which can be published either as International
Standards or Technical Repo rts.
This document has the status of a Basic EMC Publication in accordance with IEC
Guide 107.
1000-2-3 © IEC – 11 –
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC)
Part 2: Environment
Section 3: Description of the environment - Radiated and
non-network-frequency-related conducted phenomena
1 General
1.1
Scope and object
This Technical Repo
rt describes the electromagnetic environment. It is intended as a
basis to achieve electromagnetic compatibility in system and equipment design, using
test standards (techniques and limits), and mitigation methods (including installation
practices), which satisfactorily take account of undesirable effects that otherwise might
result from unintended electrical and electronic equipment interactions.
This repo
rt is primarily concerned with the characteristics and levels of electromagnetic
fields and of non-network-frequency-related conducted emissions from unintentional
sources of interference. Its application is part of the process of achieving electromagnetic
compatibility of systems; this requires the immunity characteristics of equipment to be
considered together with any normal or special equipment or cable installation practices
that may be required. Trade-offs should be made between physical separation, filtering
and shielding when considering equipment installation and design, in order to achieve
emission and immunity characteristics which meet system requirements.
1.2 Reference document
IEC 1000-2-1: 1990, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2: Environment –
Section 1: Description of the environment – Electromagnetic environment for low-
frequency conducted disturbances and signalling in public power supply systems.
2 General considerations
There are various approaches that can be used for describing the environment. Classifi-
cation in terms of typical environmental locations such as urban, industrial, residential and
commercial may have some meaning in that each of these tends to imply some general
characteristics of the environment on which compatibility levels may be based. However,
it must be recognized that equipment not normally associated with a particular class of
environment may indeed affect any specific location.
For the above reason, the approach taken in this repo
rt is to state the electromagnetic
levels expected from particular sources or classes of sources. The level expected at a
particular location must then be determined with reference to the sources existing at that
location.
1000-2-3 ©IEC – 13 –
At the same time it should be recognized that one cannot always identify all sources
that may affect a particular environment. Such is the case, for example, with conducted
disturbances in a power system generated at large distances, for example large distant
nonlinear industrial loads or unpredictable exceptionally severe lightning strokes. It is
meaningful to make a distinction between public supply and industrial or private networks.
The quality of se rvice at the point of common connection due to remote users will depend
upon the capacity of the network and the loads connected to it that an individual consumer
knows little about. Voltage fluctuations can be caused by load switching as well as by
system faults and lightning strokes. Within a consumer's system, residential or industrial,
the low frequency effects of local loads can be predicted. In general, one would expect
the remote sources to limit the quality of se rvice delivered to a particular consumer
location, and that any given system should perform properly in the absence of local
rvice is otherwise satisfactory. Local
sources. This is assuming that the quality of se
sources can be expected to have more significant effects in possible system and device
degradation.
2.1
Coupling between emitting and susceptible devices
The major reason for considering electromagnetic compatibility is the existence of devices
(equipment, systems) which show susceptibility to electromagnetic emission from other
devices.
Emitting devices
Intentional emissions Unintentional emissions

(disturbances)
(signals)
Intentional
Unintentional
coupling paths
coupling paths
EM-environment
Intentional Unintentional
coupling paths coupling paths
In-band signals Out-of-band signals
and disturbances and disturbances
Narrow band Broadband
Susceptible device
c
Figure 1 – Coupling paths between emitting and susceptible devices

1000-2-3 ©IEC -15 -
Emitting devices may have intentional emissions, such as a radio-frequency broadcasting
signal, or unintentional emissions, such as the magnetic field produced by the deflection
coils of a video display unit. Through various coupling paths such emission may reach the
site where a susceptible device is located as shown in figure 1, thereby establishing
the electromagnetic environment for that device. The subdivisions shown in this figure are
important for a description of the electromagnetic environment. Moreover, the technical
possibilities available to prevent or solve an interference problem are related to these sub-
divisions, as are also the relevant EMC specifications.
The susceptible device may be exposed to the electromagnetic environment via intentional
coupling paths, such as the aerial of a radio receiver, or via unintentional coupling paths
such as the recording head of a video tape recorder, a signal cable or a mains cable.
Both types of coupling paths, intentional and unintentional, may carry
disturbances
having frequency components in the frequency band designated for the desired signal
of the susceptible device, and disturbances having components outside that band.
The disturbances received may be considered narrow band or broadband. For example,
the disturbance from a switched-mode power supply operating at 40 kHz is narrow band
when measured with a CISPR receiver in the frequency range 10 kHz to 150 kHz since the
receiver bandwidth is 200 Hz and the harmonic components are measured separately
when tuning over the frequency range. However, the same disturbance is broadband for a
video system with a 5 MHz bandwidth because of the harmonics of the 40 kHz signal.
The terms broadband and narrow band are always determined by the bandwidth over
which the disturbance is detected or measured. Hence, the same source can be both
broadband and narrow band.
2.2 Units and decibels
The decibel (dB) was originally defined as the ratio r of two powers P1 and P2
dissipated
in a resistance R expressed as a logarithmic unit as follows:
V^/R -
r(dB) = 10 logo Pi - 10 login
20 log 10
Vi
2 \
V2/ 2
R
where P 1 and P2
are measured or determined under identical conditions. Hence, r can
be expressed in terms of the associated voltages V1 and V2
as indicated in the above
equation.
If V2
is chosen to be a unit value, for example 1 NV, and V1
is expressed in terms of that
unit, then r gives the magnitude of
V1 expressed in "dB with respect to 1 pV", normally
abbreviated to r (dB(pV)). This latter approach is widely used in the field of EMC. Hence,
if Yis a unit value then X(dB(Y)) is defined as:
X(dB(Y)) = 20 IogiorXl
Y
1000-2-3
© IEC –17 –
Certain conventions exist for the choice of Y. Here are some examples:
a)
In the case of conducted emissions, the voltage is expressed in dB(pV), i.e.
decibels above 1 pV; and the current in dB(pA), i.e. in decibels above 1 pA. For
example, 120 dB(pV)
corresponds to 10 6 pV or to 1 V.
b)
In the case of radiated emission, the electric field strength is expressed in dB(pV/m)
and the magnetic field strength in dB(pA/m). For example, 34 dB(pV/m) corresponds
to 50 pV/m. In statutory measurements and CISPR recommendations, the magnetic
field strength
H at frequencies below 30 MHz is usually expressed in dB(pV/m), the
unit of the electric field strength E, where dB(pA/m) would be more appropriate.
In such cases, the magnetic field
H expressed in dB(pA/m) and in dB(pA/m) satisfies
the relation:
H (dB(p.A/m)) = H (dB(pV/m)) – 51,5 (dB(S2))
where 51,5 dB(S2) = 20 when Z0 = 377 S2 and Z0 =
E/H.
log10Z0
The wave impedance Z0
= 377 S2 applies only to the case of a plane electromagnetic
wave. However, this is not relevant here as the measurement display is calibrated in such
a way that the signal induced by the magnetic field H in the magnetic field antenna, is
interpreted as a signal produced by an electric field of strength
E = Z0H. See also 3.1.2.
In the case of large conducted disturbances, the use of nonlinear surge diverters
precludes the application of dB units and analytical methods which are based on a linear-
ity hypothesis.
3 Source, coupling and susceptor models, and their limitations
When electrical and electronic devices and coupling paths are examined i
...