prEN 16908

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2026
Cement, gradbeno apno in druga hidravlična veziva - Okoljske deklaracije za
proizvode - Pravila za kategorije proizvodov, ki dopolnjujejo EN 15804
Cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders - Environmental product declarations -
Product category rules complementary to EN 15804
Zement, Baukalk und andere hydraulische Bindemittel - Umweltproduktdeklarationen -
Produktkategorieregeln in Ergänzung zu EN 15804
Ciment, chaux de construction et autres liants hydrauliques - Déclarations
environnementales sur les produits - Règles de catégorie de produits complémentaires à
l'EN 15804
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16908
ICS:
13.020.20 Okoljska ekonomija. Environmental economics.
Trajnostnost Sustainability
91.100.10 Cement. Mavec. Apno. Malta Cement. Gypsum. Lime.
Mortar
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2026
ICS 91.100.10 Will supersede EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
English Version
Cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders -
Environmental product declarations - Product category
rules complementary to EN 15804
Ciment, chaux de construction et autres liants Zement, Baukalk und andere hydraulische Bindemittel
hydrauliques - Déclarations environnementales sur les - Umweltproduktdeklarationen -
produits - Règles de catégorie de produits Produktkategorieregeln in Ergänzung zu EN 15804
complémentaires à l'EN 15804
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 51.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16908:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Abbreviations . 6
5 General aspects . 6
5.1 Objective of the Core PCR . 6
5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered . 7
5.3 Comparability of EPD for construction products . 7
5.4 Additional environmental information . 7
5.4.1 General . 7
5.4.2 Additional impact indicators . 8
5.4.3 Additional information on carbon offset, carbon storage and delayed emissions . 8
5.4.4 Additional Information not derived from LCA . 8
5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD . 8
5.6 Communication formats . 8
6 Product Category Rules for LCA . 8
6.1 Product category . 8
6.2 Life cycle stages and their information modules to be included . 8
6.2.1 General . 8
6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules . 8
6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules . 9
6.2.4 B1-B5, Use stage, information modules related to the building fabric . 9
6.2.5 B6-B7, Use stage, information modules related to the operation of the building . 9
6.2.6 C1-C4, End-of-life-stage, information modules. 9
6.2.7 D, Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary, information module . 9
6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA . 9
6.3.1 Functional or declared unit . 9
6.3.2 Functional unit . 9
6.3.3 Declared unit . 9
6.3.4 Reference service life (RSL). 9
6.3.5 System boundaries . 10
6.3.6 Criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs . 15
6.3.7 Selection of data . 15
6.3.8 Data quality . 16
6.3.9 Developing product level scenarios . 16
6.3.10 Units . 16
6.4 Inventory analysis . 16
6.4.1 Collecting data . 16
6.4.2 Calculation procedures . 16
6.4.3 Allocation of input flows and output emissions . 16
6.4.4 Information on biogenic carbon content . 18
6.5 Impact assessment . 18
6.5.1 General . 18
6.5.2 Core environmental impact indicators . 18
6.5.3 Additional environmental impact indicators . 18
7 Content of the EPD . 18
7.1 Declaration of general information . 18
7.2 Declaration of environmental parameters derived from LCA. 19
7.2.1 General . 19
7.2.2 Rules for declaring LCA information per module . 20
7.2.3 Indicators describing environmental impacts based on Life Cycle Impact Assessment
(LCIA) . 20
7.2.4 Indicators describing resource use and environmental information based on Life
Cycle Inventory (LCI) . 21
7.2.5 Information on biogenic carbon content . 21
7.3 Scenarios and additional technical information . 21
7.3.1 General . 21
7.3.2 Construction process stage . 21
7.3.3 B1-B7 Use stage . 21
7.3.4 End-of-life . 21
7.3.5 Carbonation in cement-based products . 21
7.3.6 Carbonation in building lime . 22
7.4 Additional information on release of dangerous substances to indoor air, soil and
water during the use stage . 22
7.5 Aggregation of information modules . 22
8 Project report . 23
9 Verification and validity of an EPD . 23
Annex A (normative) Requirements and guidance on the reference service life . 24
Annex B (informative) Waste . 25
Annex C (normative) Impact categories and related indicators, methodologies and
characterization factors (CF) . 26
Annex D (informative) End of life formulae . 27
Annex E (informative) Schemes to be applied for data quality assessment of generic and
specific data . 28
Annex F (informative) Application of the polluter pays principle . 29
Annex G (informative) Verification of LCA data using EU ETS data . 31
Annex H (normative) Emissions to air to be declared in the LCA of clinker and lime
production . 32
Annex I (informative) Carbon capture and storage (CCS) in the LCA of clinker and lime
production . 36
I.1 General . 36
I.2 Implementation of CCS in the LCA of clinker and lime production . 36
I.3 Data quality requirements for CCS . 36
I.4 System boundaries of the LCA . 37
Bibliography . 39
European foreword
This document (prEN 16908:2026) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and
building limes”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 16908:2017+A1:2022.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
Introduction
How to use this document
This document provides product category rules (PCR) for Type III environmental declarations (EPDs)
according to EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 for cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders, in
particular to products according to the standards developed in CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes”.
The European Standard EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, “Core rules for the product category of construction
products”, is intended as the core PCR to be followed. This PCR document supplements
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 by giving more detail for specific items relevant to cement and building lime.
In all cases where no specific rules are given in this document, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 should be
followed. Therefore, this document should be read in parallel with EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 is normatively referenced in this document and is indispensable for its
application.
The structure of this document follows that of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, with all headings and section
numbers kept the same. Where a section of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 applies without modification, this
is indicated. Where a section of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 is not relevant for EPDs covered by this PCR,
this is also indicated.
The purpose of an EPD is given in the Introduction to EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
1 Scope
The general scope of the core product category rules (PCR) is given in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, Clause 1.
This PCR is primarily intended for the creation of cradle-to-gate EPDs or the declaration of performance
in relation to the environmental sustainability of cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders.
In particular,
“cement” refers to
— common cements according to EN 197-1 [1],
— very low heat special cements according to EN 14216 [6],
— calcium aluminate cement according to EN 14647 [7],
— supersulfated cement according to EN 15743 [9];
“building lime” refers to
— building lime according to EN 459-1 [3];
“other hydraulic binders” refers to
— masonry cement according to EN 413-1 [2],
— hydraulic road binders according to EN 13282 [5],
— hydraulic binder for non-structural applications according to EN 15368 [8].
In other respects, the scope is as in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. Only the edition cited applies.
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations —
Core rules for the product category of construction products
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 apply.
4 Abbreviations
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
5 General aspects
5.1 Objective of the Core PCR
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
Cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders are physically integrated with other products (e.g.
aggregates, chemical admixtures) into downstream products (e.g. concrete, mortar, plaster). During their
hydration (and/or carbonation), cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders undergo a chemical
transformation. After their hydration (and/or carbonation), the original products in the un-hydrated
state are not identifiable anymore and cannot be physically separated.
None of the constituents of cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders contain biogenic carbon.
Cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders therefore fulfil the three conditions:
— the product or material is physically integrated with other products during installation so they
cannot be physically separated from them at end of life; and
— the product or material is no longer identifiable at end of life as a result of a physical or chemical
transformation process; and
— the product or material does not contain biogenic carbon and are therefore exempt from the
obligation to declare modules C1–C4 and D.
Cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders are intermediate products with many different final
uses. Cement may for example be used in ready-mix concrete, precast concrete, mortar, screed, base
treatment for various types of infrastructures, etc. Building lime may for example be used in plasters,
renders, masonry mortars, calcium silica bricks, autoclave aerated concrete, soil treatment, asphalt
mixtures, etc. Therefore, it is generally not possible to provide information about the environmental
impacts of the products during the construction process, use, and end of life stages, as this will greatly
depend on how the cement or building lime is used.
For this reason, this PCR is primarily intended to support the creation of cradle-to-gate EPDs, i.e. it focuses
on the life cycle stages A1 – A3: raw material supply, transport, and manufacturing, although other stages
may also be included.
Information on other life cycle modules may be provided in an EPD if relevant. Particularly information
on carbonation of building limes in the life cycle modules A5 and B1 may be provided in EPDs.
If additional stages are included, the modularity principle shall be observed (see 6.3.4.1 of
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019) in order to produce consistent EPDs.
5.3 Comparability of EPD for construction products
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
As cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders are intermediate products, no functional unit can
be defined in EPDs for cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders (see 6.3) and therefore no
comparisons with other construction products can be made based on EPDs according to this PCR. As
stated in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, “EPD that are not in a building context are not tools to compare
construction products and construction services”.
5.4 Additional environmental information
5.4.1 General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
5.4.2 Additional impact indicators
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
For the indicators, “Eco-toxicity (freshwater)”, “human toxicity, cancer effects”, “Human toxicity, non-
cancer effects” and “Land use related impacts/Soil quality”, the uncertainties with respect to the results
are high for the products covered by this standard [15].
5.4.3 Additional information on carbon offset, carbon storage and delayed emissions
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
5.4.4 Additional Information not derived from LCA
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
For additional information on emissions to indoor air, soil and water during the use stage, refer to the
respective PCR/EPDs for downstream products such as ready-mix concrete, precast concrete, screed,
plasters, masonry mortars, etc.
The life cycle of lime is shown in Figure 2.
5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
5.6 Communication formats
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6 Product Category Rules for LCA
6.1 Product category
The product category for this PCR is cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders, particularly those
covered by the standards developed in CEN/TC 51.
6.2 Life cycle stages and their information modules to be included
6.2.1 General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
In general, EPDs according to this PCR will be cradle-to-gate EPDs, i.e. will cover modules A1 – A3 only.
However, downstream processes (including transport, use and reuse, recycling or recovery) may
optionally be declared.
As an example, information on carbonation of building limes in the life cycle modules A5 and B1 may be
provided in EPDs.
6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
For a more detailed description of the processes in the product stage of cement, building lime and other
hydraulic binders see 6.3.5.2.
6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs, but relevant for the information on
carbonation of building limes and for the application of cement and building limes as soil stabilization
(see 6.3.5.3).
6.2.4 B1-B5, Use stage, information modules related to the building fabric
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs, but relevant for the information on
carbonation of building limes (see 6.3.5.4).
6.2.5 B6-B7, Use stage, information modules related to the operation of the building
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs (see 6.3.5.4).
6.2.6 C1-C4, End-of-life-stage, information modules
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs (see 6.3.5.5).
6.2.7 D, Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary, information module
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs (see 6.3.5.6).
6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA
6.3.1 Functional or declared unit
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.3.2 Functional unit
6.3.2.1 General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
As cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders are intermediate products, no functional unit can
be defined in EPDs for cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders. A declared unit is used as
defined in 6.3.3.
6.3.2.2 Performance in a functional unit
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.3.3 Declared unit
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
The declared unit is 1 000 kg of cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders.
6.3.4 Reference service life (RSL)
6.3.4.1 General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
No RSL is declared for cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders as they are intermediate
building products. A reference service life could be declared for downstream products such as ready-mix
concrete, precast concrete, screed, plasters, masonry mortars or other building products in which cement
and/or building lime and/or other hydraulic binders are used.
6.3.4.2 Scenarios for RSL and functional unit
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.3.5 System boundaries
6.3.5.1 General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
Biogenic CO emissions can be compensated by re-growth of biomass in the short term. Therefore, CO
2 2
emissions from biomass fuels (secondary fuels or waste) and the biogenic carbon content of mixed fuels
(secondary fuels or waste) shall not be included in the total CO emissions [10], [11].
For emissions from waste and secondary fuels see Annex F. If a waste is legally defined as waste when
used and the use of the waste is permitted and regulated under European and/or national waste
legislation as applicable, then the end-of-waste state has not been reached and the rules of the
corresponding rows in Table F.1 apply. To demonstrate the waste status of the wastes used, the
corresponding EURAL waste code number (or a comparable classification outside the EU) shall be
specified in the background report.
NOTE 1 This does not concern the wastes generated and used on the production site.
NOTE 2 EURAL is the European list of waste, designed to classify waste streams in the same way in all EU
countries. Each waste stream is given a fixed six-digit code which provides information on the composition of the
waste.
The environmental impacts caused excluding the incineration of waste (net figure), see Annex F, shall be
declared in the table specifying the environmental impact indicators for modules A1 to A3.
If wastes are used for energy or material recovery the environmental impacts caused by the emissions
including processing, incineration and co-incineration of waste (gross figure); may additionally be
specified in the communication of the LCA results in modules A1 to A3.
6.3.5.2 Product Stage (A1-A3)
6.3.5.2.1 General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
In more detail, the life cycle stages for cement, building lime and other hydraulic binders include the
following:
6.3.5.2.2 Cement Production (A1-A3)
For cement production, module A1 includes all upstream processes required to supply materials, co-
products, secondary materials, ancillary materials, and energy up to the gate of the cement plant:
— extraction of raw materials and primary fuels (e.g. mining processes):
— extraction of raw materials. This includes the quarrying of calcareous or dolomitic materials,
such as limestone or marl, siliceous materials such as sand, argillaceous material, such as clay or
shale and aluminous materials such as bauxite, and the crushing of these materials in the quarry,
— extraction/production of primary fuels. Major primary fuels used in the production of cement
and building lime are coal, petcoke, lignite and natural gas;
— allocated impacts of co-products from other industries used (cf. 6.4.3.2 and 6.4.3.3);
— processing of secondary and waste materials used as input for manufacturing the product, limited to
processing carried out outside the cement production facility under study and excluding those
processes that are part of the waste processing in the previous product system;
— processing of secondary and waste fuels used as input for manufacturing the product, limited to
processing carried out outside the cement production facility under study and excluding those
processes that are part of the waste processing in the previous product system;
— production of precursor products outside of the cement production facility under study, e.g.
limestone, clinker, cement, other pre-products (cf. Annex D of EN 459-1:2015), quicklime or
hydrated lime or alumina for the production of calcium aluminate cements;
— production of additives (e.g. pigments, grinding aids);
— production of ancillary materials outside the cement production facility (e.g. refractories used in the
kiln or grinding media such as stainless steel grinding balls);
— generation of electricity purchased, including electricity consumed for internal transports (e.g.
conveyor belts) and manufacturing processes;
— manufacturing of packaging, e.g. manufacture of bags for bagged cement.
Module A2 includes all processes related to transportation up to the factory gate and internal transports,
excluding purchased electricity consumed for internal transports:
— transport of primary raw materials to the plant;
— transport of secondary and waste materials to the plant;
— transport of primary fuels to the plant;
— transport of secondary and waste fuels to the plant;
— transport of ancillary and upstream products to the plant;
— internal transports in the plant.
The moisture content of materials and fuels shall be considered in the transport load.
The extraction/production of fuels for transport processes is declared in module A2. For transport
processes requiring purchased electricity (e.g. conveyor belts), the generation of electricity is declared in
module A1.
Module A3 includes all manufacturing processes carried out in the cement production facility under study
(excluding generation of purchased electricity):
— processing of materials, co-products, upstream products and waste in the cement production facility,
e.g. drying;
— processing of fuels in the cement production facility, but for secondary or waste fuels not including
those processes that are part of the waste processing in the previous product system;
— production of clinker by preheating the raw mix using the residual heat of the flue gases and burning
in a kiln at about 1 450 °C, including:
— direct emissions to air from calcination,
— direct emissions to air from combustion of fuels.
— For the direct emissions to air at the cement kiln, all emission flows specified in Table H.1 shall
be included in the LCA. If an emission is measured in the plant under study then the measured
value shall be used for the LCA. If an emission is not measured, conservative values shall be used.
The direct emissions to air at the kiln shall be specified separately in the background report;
— processing (e.g. drying, blending) of cement constituents:
— Portland cement clinker,
— other main constituents (blast-furnace slag, silica fume, pozzolana, fly ash, burnt shale,
limestone),
— minor additional constituents,
— calcium sulphate in the form of gypsum, hemi-hydrate or anhydrite,
— additives (such as pigments);
— other emissions as a result of the production, e.g. from diesel motors;
— production of pre-products or ancillary materials in the cement production facility under study;
— generation of electricity, steam and heat from primary energy resources in the cement production
facility under study;
— storage and dispatch;
— packaging processes (in the case of bagged cements);
— a co-product allocation shall be applied for exported energy leaving modules A1-A3;
— processing up to the end-of-waste state or disposal of waste including any packaging not leaving the
factory gate with the product.
The generation of electricity produced outside the cement production facility and consumed for
manufacturing (e.g. grinding, blending) is declared in module A1.
If a production facility operates CCS, all CCS activities shall be fully accounted for in module A3. Further
guidance is provided in Annex I.
6.3.5.2.3 Building Lime Production (A1-A3)
For building lime production, module A1 includes all upstream processes required to supply materials,
co-products, secondary materials, ancillary materials, and energy up to the gate of the building lime plant:
— Extraction of raw materials
— This includes the quarrying of calcareous or dolomitic materials, such as limestone or marl,
siliceous materials such as sand, argillaceous material, such as clay or shale.
— Processing of raw materials outside of the building lime plant
EXAMPLE 1 Crushing of limestone in the quarry
— Production of precursor products outside of the building lime plant
— Production of quicklime or hydrated lime.
— Production of cements or other pre-products (cf. Annex D of EN 459-1:2015) for the production
of building lime.
— Production of upstream ancillary materials
EXAMPLE 2 Refractories used in the kiln
— Extraction/production of primary fuels
— Major primary fuels used in the production of building lime are coal, petroleum coke, lignite and
natural gas.
— Processing of fuels outside of the building lime plant
— Processing of primary fuels in preparation for use in building lime production.
— Processing of secondary fuels and waste used as input for manufacturing the product but not
including those processes that are part of the waste processing in the previous product system.
— Generation of electricity
— Manufacturing of packaging, e.g. manufacture of bags for bagged building lime.
Module A2 includes all processes related to transportation up to the factory gate and internal transports,
excluding purchased electricity consumed for internal transports:
— transport of primary raw materials and upstream products to the plant;
— transport of secondary materials to the plant;
— transport of primary fuels to the plant;
— transport of secondary fuels to the plant;
— internal transports in the plant;
— transport of materials to hydration units.
The moisture content of materials and fuels shall be considered in the transport load.
The extraction/production of fuels for transport processes is declared in module A2. For transport
processes requiring purchased electricity (e.g. conveyor belts), the generation of electricity is declared in
module A1.
Module A3 includes all manufacturing processes carried out in the building lime plant under study
(excluding generation of purchased electricity):
— production of ancillary materials or pre-products in the building lime plant;
— preparation of ground raw material by crushing, screening and washing.
— calcination: The raw material mix is preheated using the residual heat of the flue gases and burned
in a kiln at about 900 °C to 1 200 °C. The fuel used is generally a mix of primary fuels, secondary fuels
and waste fuels;
— direct emissions as a result of the production process
For the emissions to air at the kiln, all emission flows specified in Table H.3 shall be included in the
LCA. If an emission is measured in the plant under study then the measured value shall be used for
the LCA. If an emission is not measured conservative values shall be used. The direct emissions to air
at the kiln shall be specified separately in the background report;
— generation of electricity, steam and heat from primary energy resources in the building lime plant;
— processing and blending
— grinding and screening: quicklime is ground and screened for particular applications or for
hydration,
— hydration: adding a controlled amount of water to quicklime to manufacture the hydrated lime,
— blending: mixing with other constituents, e.g. for the production of formulated lime and
hydraulic lime;
— packaging (in the case of bagged building limes), storage and dispatch:
A co-product allocation shall be applied for exported energy leaving modules A1-A3;
— processing up to the end-of-waste state or disposal of waste including any packaging not leaving the
factory gate with the product.
The generation of electricity produced outside the building lime plant and consumed for manufacturing
(e.g. grinding, blending) is declared in module A1.
6.3.5.2.4 Production of other hydraulic binders (A1-A3)
Impacts in modules A1 to A3 are declared analogously to cement and building lime (cf. 6.3.5.2.2 and
6.3.5.2.3).
6.3.5.3 EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 Construction process stage
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
Generally not relevant for cradle-to-gate EPDs according to this PCR. As cement, building lime and other
hydraulic binders are intermediate products with many different final uses (ready-mixed concrete,
precast concrete, screed, plasters, masonry mortars, etc.), it is generally not possible to provide
information about the environmental impacts of the product during the construction process stage, as
this will greatly depend on how the cement or building lime are used. However, environmental
information for this life cycle stage may be found in the respective PCR/EPDs for downstream products.
If cement or building lime is used for soil improvement/soil stabilization, the impacts of the processes
involved (in particular from earthworks machines/equipment) are declared in module A5. The uptake of
CO due to carbonation occurring while cement or building lime are worked into the soil is also declared
in module A5 (see 7.3.5 and 7.3.6).
As part of the hardening process, during the construction process stage building lime will react with CO
from the atmosphere to develop hardening and strength [13]. This process will continue during the use
stage, according to specific use conditions.
The compensation for cement, building lime or other hydraulic binders which may be lost due to the
breakage of the packaging material should be included in module A4.
Loads from the disposal of packaging wastes and benefits from the recycling or energy recovery of
packaging having left the product system may be included in module A5.
6.3.5.4 Use stage
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
Generally not relevant for cradle-to-gate EPDs according to this PCR. As cement and building lime are
intermediate products with many different final uses (ready-mixed concrete, precast concrete, screed,
plasters and masonry mortars, etc.) it is generally not possible to provide information about the
environmental impacts of the product during the use stage, as this will greatly depend on how the cement
and building lime are used. However, environmental information for this life cycle stage may be found in
the respective PCR/EPDs for downstream products.
As part of the hardening process, building lime will react with CO from atmosphere to develop hardening
and strength [13]. This process will continue during the use stage, according to specific use conditions.
6.3.5.5 End-of-life stage
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
Generally not relevant for cradle-to-gate EPDs according to this PCR. As cement and building lime are
intermediate products with many different final uses (ready-mixed concrete, precast concrete, screed,
plasters and masonry mortar, etc.), it is generally not possible to provide information about the
environmental impacts of the product during the end-of-life stage, as this will greatly depend on how the
cement and building lime are used. However, environmental information for this life cycle stage may be
found in the respective PCR/EPDs for downstream products.
6.3.5.6 Benefits and loads beyond the product system boundary in module D
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
As cement and building limes are intermediate products with many different final uses, it is generally not
possible to provide information about the benefits and loads beyond the product system boundary.
Environmental benefits of cement-based products or building lime-based products beyond the product
system boundary include, for example,
— use of recycled concrete or masonry units as aggregate in concrete, in road construction or in land
restoration;
— recycling of AAC (autoclaved aerated concrete) as raw material for AAC production.
Information on these benefits and loads may be found in the respective PCR/EPDs for the downstream
products.
6.3.6 Criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.3.7 Selection of data
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
An EPD may cover a representative or average product rather than a specific product. Such EPDs can be
useful in order to provide LCA data relating to a typical product produced in a certain region or by a
specific company. Examples of such products are “Average cement mix produced by company X”,
“Representative CL90-S produced in country/region Y”, “Average European CEM II”, etc. Documentation
of the representativeness (technological, geographical, time-related representativeness, etc.) of the input
data shall be provided.
6.3.8 Data quality
6.3.8.1 General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.3.8.2 Data quality requirements
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.3.8.3 Data quality assessment schemes applied on generic and specific data used and
established in the EPD
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.3.9 Developing product level scenarios
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
Generally not relevant for an EPD of cement or building lime.
6.3.10 Units
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.4 Inventory analysis
6.4.1 Collecting data
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.4.2 Calculation procedures
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
6.4.3 Alloc
...