EN 350:2016

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Trajnost lesa in lesnih izdelkov - Preskušanje in razvrstitev trajnosti lesa in lesnih izdelkov proti biološkim agensomDauerhaftigkeit von Holz und Holzprodukten - Prüfung und Klassifikation der Dauerhaftigkeit von Holz und Holzprodukten gegen biologischen AngriffDurabilité du bois et des matériaux dérivés du bois - Méthodes d'essai et de classification de la durabilité vis-à-vis des agents biologiques du bois et des matériaux dérivés du boisDurability of wood and wood-based products - Testing and classification of the durability to biological agents of wood and wood-based materials79.040Les, hlodovina in žagan lesWood, sawlogs and sawn timberICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 350:2016SIST EN 350:2017en,fr,de01-februar-2017SIST EN 350:2017SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 350-2:1995SIST EN 350-1:19951DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 350
August
t r s x ICS
y {ä r v r Supersedes EN
u w ræ sã s { { vá EN
u w ræ tã s { { vEnglish Version
Durability of wood and woodæbased products æ Testing and classification of the durability to biological agents of wood and woodæbased materials Durabilité du bois et des matériaux dérivés du bois æ Méthodes d 5essai et de classification de la durabilité visæàævis des agents biologiques du bois et des matériaux dérivés du bois
Dauerhaftigkeit von Holz und Holzprodukten æ Prüfung und Klassifikation der Dauerhaftigkeit von Holz und Holzprodukten gegen biologischen Angriff This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s z June
t r s xä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
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t r s x CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
u w rã t r s x ESIST EN 350:2017

Example of scheme for sampling heartwood . 16 A.1 Logs . 16 A.2 Central boards . 17 Annex B (informative)
Guide to biological durability and treatability of wood species marketed in Europe . 18 B.1 General . 18 B.2 Wood species . 18 B.3 Sapwood/heartwood . 19 B.4 Treatability . 19 B.5 Additional notes in Tables B.1, B.2, and B.3 . 20 B.6 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) . 20 B.7 Adding new wood species or adjust data in Table B.1 . 20 Annex C (informative)
Classification of treatability with aqueous wood preservatives . 58 Annex D (informative)
Classification of permeability to water . 60 D.1 General . 60 D.2 Principles for classification of permeability to water . 60 SIST EN 350:2017

Testing durability to disfiguring fungi . 61 E.1 General . 61 E.2 Testing durability to disfiguring fungi . 61 E.3 Classification of durability to disfiguring fungi . 61 Annex F (informative)
Classification of performance . 62 F.1 General . 62 F.2 Principles of the assessment of performance . 62 F.3 Principles of the classification of performance . 63 Annex G (informative)
Form to be used for the inclusion of new data on wood species / wood-based material . 64 Bibliography . 67
5 5 < ML
10 10 < ML
15 15 < ML
30 30 < ML ML = highest of the median mass losses (in %) determined for test specimens exposed to each of the used test fungi The criteria for determining durability classes (DC), based on the CEN/TS 15083-2 are presented in Table 6. In this test, preliminary DC is based on the median of the mass loss for hardwoods or the MOE (apparent modulus of elasticity measured in 3 point bending according to EN 317) for softwoods. Table 6 — Durability classes (DC) of wood to fungal attack (soft rot) Durability class Description x value DC 1 DC 2 DC 3 DC 4 DC 5 Very durable Durable Moderately durable Slightly durable Not durable x
0,10 0,10 < x
0,20 0,20 < x
0,45 0,45 < x
0,80 x > 0,80 Hardwoods: x = median value of mass loss for timber test specimens / median value of mass loss for reference timber test specimens Softwoods: Calculate the “x value” for the test timber but using loss of MOE. Wood species known to be not durable should be used to test the virulence of fungi. Commonly, Pinus sylvestris sapwood is used for testing softwoods and Fagus sylvatica for testing hardwoods. The validity criteria of the test are given in the corresponding test method. The durability classification is based on the highest median mass loss determined for all the test specimens exposed to each of the test fungi. Additional information about the spread of individual mass loss values should be provided. If individual mass loss values are distributed over two durability classes (x and y) with at least 40 % of values being in each of them, the retained durability class should not be based on the median mass loss but expressed as falling between “x – y “. High levels of variability should be clearly mentioned in the test report, e.g. by “v” as in the example presented in Table 7. The spread of individual values can be expressed in test reports based on fitted probability density functions, as presented in Table 7. SIST EN 350:2017

5,0 2,0 < x
3,0 1,2 < x
2,0 x
1,2 x value = average life of stakes / average life of the more durable set of reference stakes SIST EN 350:2017

90 % “0 or 1” and max 10 % “2” a < 50 % “3, 4”
50 % “3, 4”
a 90 % of the test samples rated 0 or 1 and a maximum of 10 % of the test samples rated 2 and 0 % “3 and 4” NOTE 2 Durability class “DC M”, derived from a laboratory test, is of informative value only. Other parameters like population size and dynamics of occurring termites in the intended geographical region, where the wood or wood-based material will be used, need also to be evaluated. NOTE 3 So far, no standardized European methodology allowing assessing specifically the durability against drywood termites (Kalotermes flavicollis and Cryptotermes spp.) exists. 6.4 Durability to marine organisms The durability of wood and wood-based materials to attack by marine organisms shall be tested using procedures based on those described in EN 275. NOTE Durability to marine borers is best tested in geographical locations where the wood or wood-based material is intended for use to ensure their exposure to as wide a range of marine borers as can be encountered when in service. Specimens of the test wood species shall be used in place of the preservative treated wood specimens in EN 275. The reference specimens shall be Pinus sylvestris sapwood. Any other not durable species could be added for virulence control. They shall be replaced as necessary when they fail. The test shall be used to determine the time needed for the test specimens to fail. The durability of the species under test shall be classified in accordance with Table 10. Table 10 — Classes of durability of wood or wood-based materials to attack by marine organisms using tests based on EN 275 Durability class Description Results of field tests expressed as x DC D DC M DC S Durable Moderately durable Not durable x > 5,0 3 < x
5 x
3 x = average life of test specimens/average life of the more durable set of reference specimens SIST EN 350:2017

Example of scheme for sampling heartwood A.1 Logs A scheme for the cutting of laths from logs to represent the outer and inner heartwood is illustrated in Figure A.1. This also shows the cutting of the laths into test specimens. The length of the logs necessary for sampling depends on the amount of specimens required for the relevant test procedure.
Key 1 log a laths from the outer part of the heartwood b laths from the inner part of the heartwood c test specimen Figure A.1 — Sampling from logs (1) - Taking laths from the outer (a) and inner (b) part of the heartwood and cutting them into test specimens (c) SIST EN 350:2017

Key a sap b outer part c inner part d pith e test specimens Figure A.2 — Sampling from central boards. Taking laths from the outer and inner part of the heartwood and cutting them into test specimens SIST EN 350:2017

Guide to biological durability and treatability of wood species marketed in Europe B.1 General Wood is a biological material. Its natural resistance to various forms of biological attack is affected by many factors. Consequently, definitive statements about biological durability cannot be made without having accurate and comprehensive test data. However, based on the information currently available, EN 350 gives guidance on the durability of the heartwood of selected wood species to degradation by a range of organisms. The data given in the tables are based upon information drawn from various sources, including historical records, practical experience, laboratory tests, field tests and other data. Old data come from the previous version EN 350-2:1994. The omission of a species does not necessarily imply that it is unsuitable for use. A species can have been omitted because it was not considered of sufficient economic importance to be included, or because no or insufficient data were available to classify it. For fungi, two durability classifications are listed, noted as follows: X (Y). The first one is usually derived from the rating of heartwood stakes exposed half buried outdoors in soil and in some cases combined with the results of laboratory tests performed in-ground situation (soft rot test). The second one is based on the results of laboratory tests aiming to determine the resistance against basidiomycete fungi. Detailed guidance concerning the classification of wood species in relation to fungal degradation in other than ground contact situations is not given as this is a product of a complex interaction of parameters which is not fully mastered. For wood-boring beetles, different wording is used and different information recorded in Tables B.1, B.2 and B.3: — Hylotrupes appears in Table B.1 but not in Tables B.2 and B.3 because only softwood species are attacked; — The wording “beetles” is used only for tropical species (Table B.3), because only general data with regards to the resistance against wood-boring beetles may be available but not specific data on Anobium (mentioned in Tables B.1 and B.2). For termites, the classification is based on three resistance classes. However, the class M (moderately durable) is defined based on laboratory tests only, that means that wood species classified as M or S (not durable) will not necessarily perform very differently in real-use conditions. Their performance will depend on the importance of termite infestations, the termite species present and on the time of exposure. This intermediate classification is provided to help ranking wood species and selecting a wood species for a given application and given country (or area of exposure). Information on other selected characteristics of each wood species is given for the guidance of users. For end uses where durability is important, the lowest durability of the relevant classes listed for a wood species should be assumed unless specific source-related information is available. B.2 Wood species In Tables B.1 to B.4, wood species are listed alphabeticall
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