EN 71-1:2026
(Main)Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
This document specifies requirements and methods of tests for mechanical and physical properties of toys.
This document applies to toys for children, toys being any product or material designed or intended, whether or not exclusively, for use in play by children of less than 14 years. It refers to new toys taking into account the period of foreseeable and normal use, and that the toys are used as intended or in a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the behaviour of children.
It includes specific requirements for toys intended for children under 36 months, children under 18 months and for children who are too young to sit up unaided. For example, soft-filled toys with simple features intended for holding and cuddling are considered as intended for use by children under 36 months.
NOTE Information relating to the age grading and age determination of toys can be found in CEN ISO/TR 8124-8 [22] and the European Commission’s Guidance Documents on the Toy Safety Directive.
This document also specifies requirements for packaging, marking and labelling.
This document does not apply to the following toys:
- automatic playing machines, whether coin operated or not, intended for public use;
- toy vehicles equipped with combustion engines);
- toy steam engines;
- toy slings and toy catapults, supplied without projectiles;
- remote control flying toys incorporating rotor blade(s) which are capable of spinning approximately horizontally, each blade being greater than 175 mm in length, measured from the centre of rotation to the blade tip, and with an overall mass of the flying toy greater than 50 g.
This document does not cover musical instruments, sports equipment or similar items but does include their toy counterparts.
Toy slings and toy catapults supplied with projectiles are covered by this document.
This document does not cover electrical safety aspects of toys which are covered by EN IEC 62115.
Furthermore, it does not cover the following items which, for the purpose of this document, are not considered as toys:
a) decorative objects for festivities and celebrations;
b) products for collectors, provided that the product or its packaging bears a visible and legible indication that it is intended for collectors of 14 years of age and above; examples of this category are:
1) detailed and faithful scale models (see A.2);
2) kits for the assembly of detailed scale models;
3) folk dolls and decorative dolls and other similar articles;
4) historical replicas of toys;
5) reproductions of real fire arms;
c) sports equipment including roller skates, inline skates, and skateboards intended for children with a body mass of more than 20 kg;
d) bicycles with a maximum saddle height of more than 435 mm, measured as the vertical distance from the ground to the top of the seat surface, with the seat in a horizontal position and with the seat pillar set to the minimum insertion mark;
e) scooters and other means of transport designed for sport or which are intended to be used for travel on public roads or public pathways;
f) electrically-driven vehicles which are intended to be used for travel on public roads, public pathways, or the pavement thereof;
g) aquatic equipment intended to be used in deep water, and swimming learning devices for children, such as swim seats and swimming aids;
h) puzzles with more than 500 pieces;
i) guns and pistols using compressed gas, with the exception of water guns and water pistols;
j) bows for archery over 120 cm long;
k) fireworks, including percussion caps which are not specifically designed for toys;
l) products and games using sharp-pointed missiles, such as sets of darts with metallic points;
...
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für die mechanischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften von Spielzeug fest.
Dieses Dokument gilt für Spielzeug für Kinder, d. h. für alle Produkte oder Materialien, die - ausschließlich oder nicht ausschließlich - dazu bestimmt oder gestaltet sind, von Kindern unter 14 Jahren für den Gebrauch beim Spielen verwendet zu werden. Es bezieht sich auf Spielzeug im Neuzustand und berücksichtigt sowohl die bei bestimmungsgemäßem und vorhersehbarem Gebrauch vorhersehbare, übliche Benutzungsdauer als auch das kindgemäße Verhalten.
Es enthält spezifische Anforderungen an Spielzeug für Kinder unter 36 Monaten, für Kinder unter 18 Monaten und für Kinder, die zu jung sind, um ohne Hilfe sitzen zu können. Beispielsweise wird Spielzeug mit weicher Füllung und einfachen Formen zum Halten und Kuscheln deshalb als zur Verwendung durch Kinder unter 36 Monaten bestimmt eingestuft.
ANMERKUNG Informationen zur Alterseinstufung und Altersfestlegung von Spielzeug können CEN ISO/TR 8124-8 [22] und den Leitliniendokumenten der Europäischen Kommission über die Sicherheit von Spielzeug entnommen werden.
Ferner legt dieses Dokument Anforderungen an die Verpackung, Kennzeichnung und Beschriftung fest.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für folgendes Spielzeug:
- Spielautomaten, ob münzbetrieben oder nicht, zur öffentlichen Nutzung;
- mit Verbrennungsmotoren ausgerüstete Spielzeugfahrzeuge;
- Spielzeugdampfmaschinen;
- Spielzeugschleudern und Spielzeugkatapulte, die ohne Geschosse geliefert werden;
- ferngesteuertes Flugspielzeug, das über Rotorblätter verfügt, die in der Lage sind, annähernd waagerecht zu rotieren, wobei jedes Blatt mehr als 175 mm lang ist, gemessen von der Drehachse zur Spitze des Blattes und mit einer Gesamtmasse des Flugspielzeugs von mehr als 50 g.
Dieses Dokument behandelt keine Musikinstrumente, Sportgeräte oder Ähnliches, schließt jedoch deren entsprechende Spielzeugvarianten ein.
Spielzeugschleudern und Spielzeugkatapulte, die mit Geschossen geliefert werden, werden von diesem Dokument abgedeckt.
Dieses Dokument erfasst keine Aspekte der elektrischen Sicherheit des Spielzeugs, die von EN IEC 62115 abgedeckt werden.
Des Weiteren deckt es folgende Erzeugnisse, die im Sinne dieses Dokumentes nicht als Spielzeug gelten, nicht ab:
a) dekorative Gegenstände für festliche Anlässe und Feierlichkeiten;
b) Produkte für Sammler, sofern auf dem Produkt oder seiner Verpackung ein sichtbarer und leserlicher Hinweis angebracht ist, wonach das Produkt für Sammler, die mindestens 14 Jahre alt sind, bestimmt ist. Zu dieser Kategorie gehören z. B.:
1) original- und maßstabsgetreue Kleinmodelle (siehe Abschnitt A.2);
2) Bausätze von original- und maßstabsgetreuen Kleinmodellen;
3) Folklore- und Dekorationspuppen und ähnliche Artikel;
4) Nachbildungen von historischem Spielzeug;
5) Nachahmungen echter Schusswaffen;
c) Sportgeräte, einschließlich Rollschuhen, Inlineskates und Skateboards für Kinder mit einem Körpergewicht über 20 kg;
d) Fahrräder mit einer maximalen Sattelhöhe von mehr als 435 mm, gemessen als vertikaler Abstand vom Boden bis hin zum oberen Teil der Sitzfläche, mit dem Sitz in horizontaler Position und mit dem Sitzkissen in seiner kleinsten Einraststellung;
e) Roller und andere Fortbewegungsmittel, die als Sportgeräte konzipiert sind oder die für die Fortbewegung auf öffentlichen Straßen oder öffentlichen Wegen bestimmt sind;
f) elektrisch betriebene Fahrzeuge, die zur Fortbewegung auf öffentlichen Straßen und Wegen oder auf den öffentlichen Gehsteigen bestimmt sind;
g) Wassersportgeräte zur Verwendung in tiefem Wasser und Schwimmlernmittel für Kinder, wie Schwimmsitze und Schwimmhilfen;
h) Puzzlespiele mit mehr als 500 Teilen;
i) mit Druckgas betriebene Gewehre und Pistolen mit Ausnahme von Wassergewehren und -pistolen;
...
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1: Propriétés mécaniques et physiques
Varnost igrač - 1. del: Mehanske in fizikalne lastnosti
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 71-1:2024
01-oktober-2024
Varnost igrač - 1. del: Mehanske in fizikalne lastnosti
Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1: Propriétés mécaniques et physiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 71-1
ICS:
97.200.50 Igrače Toys
oSIST prEN 71-1:2024 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
oSIST prEN 71-1:2024
oSIST prEN 71-1:2024
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 71-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2024
ICS 97.200.50 Will supersede EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018
English Version
Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1: Propriétés mécaniques et Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und
physiques physikalische Eigenschaften
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 52.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 71-1:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
oSIST prEN 71-1:2024
prEN 71-1:2024 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 7
Introduction . 12
1 Scope (see A.2) . 13
2 Normative references . 15
3 Terms and definitions . 16
)
4 General requirements . 29
4.1 Material cleanliness (see A.3) . 29
4.2 Assembly (see A.4) . 29
4.3 Flexible plastic sheeting (see 4.12, A.5 and A.16) . 30
4.4 Toy bags . 30
4.5 Glass (see 5.7 and A.6) . 30
4.6 Expanding materials (see A.7) . 30
4.7 Edges (see A.8) . 31
4.8 Points and metallic wires (see A.9) . 31
4.9 Protruding parts (see A.10) . 32
4.10 Parts moving against each other . 32
4.11 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see A.15) . 35
4.12 Balloons (see 4.3 and A.16) . 36
4.13 Cords of toy kites and other flying toys (see A.17) . 36
4.14 Enclosures . 36
4.15 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see A.20) . 38
4.16 Heavy immobile toys . 53
4.17 Projectile toys (see A.22) . 53
4.18 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see A.23) . 60
4.19 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys and toys using percussion caps
(see A.24) . 60
4.20 Acoustics (see A.25) . 61
4.21 Toys containing a non-electrical heat source . 65
4.22 Small balls (see 5.10 and A.48) . 66
4.23 Magnets (see A.51) . 66
4.24 Yo-yo balls (see A.52) . 67
4.25 Toys attached to food (see A.55) . 67
4.26 Toy Disguise Costumes (see A.57). 67
4.27 Flying toys (see A.58) . 68
4.28 Food Imitating Toys(see A.59) . 69
5 Toys intended for children under 36 months . 70
5.1 General requirements (see A.26) . 70
5.2 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see A.27). 71
5.3 Plastic sheeting (see A.28) . 72
5.4 Cords, chains and electrical cables in toys (see A.29) . 72
5.5 Liquid-filled toys (see A.30) . 76
5.6 Speed limitation of electrically-driven ride-on toys . 76
5.7 Glass and porcelain (see 4.5 and A.6) . 76
5.8 Shape and size of certain toys (see A.31) . 76
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5.9 Toys comprised of monofilament fibres (see A.32) . 77
5.10 Small balls (see also 4.22 and A.48) . 77
5.11 Play figures . 77
5.12 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see A.50) . 78
5.13 Suction cups (see A.54) . 80
5.14 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see A.53) . 80
5.15 Sledges with cords for pulling . 80
6 Packaging (see A.56) . 81
7 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see A.33) . 81
7.1 General . 81
7.2 Toys not intended for children under 36 months (see 4.22 and A.34) . 82
7.3 Latex balloons (see 4.12 and A.16) . 83
7.4 Aquatic toys (see 4.18 and A.23) . 83
7.5 Functional toys (see A.35) . 84
7.6 Hazardous sharp functional edges and points (see 4.7 and 4.8) . 84
7.7 Projectile toys (see 4.17.3.1 and A.22) . 84
7.8 Imitation protective masks and helmets (see 4.14.2 and A.19) . 84
7.9 Toy kites (see 4.13) . 84
7.10 Toys intended to be strung across a cradle, cot, or perambulator (see 5.4.9.1) . 85
7.11 Liquid-filled teethers (see 5.5) . 85
7.12 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys (see 4.19) . 85
7.13 Acoustics (see 4.19 and 4.20) . 85
7.14 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15) . 85
7.15 Toys comprised of monofilament fibres (see 5.9) . 88
7.16 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets (see 4.23.3 and A.51) . 89
7.17 Toys with electrical cables exceeding 300 mm in length (see 5.4.6) . 89
7.18 Toys with cords or chains intended for children of 18 months and over but under 36
months (see 5.4.3) . 89
7.19 Toys intended to be attached to a cradle, cot or perambulator (see 5.4.9.2) . 89
7.20 Sledges with cords for pulling . 89
7.21 Flying toys (see 4.27). 89
7.22 Improvised projectiles (see 4.17.4) . 90
8 Test methods . 90
8.1 General requirements for testing . 90
8.2 Small parts cylinder (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.18, 4.23, 4.25, 4.28, 5.1, 5.2 and A.36) . 90
8.3 Torque test (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.14, 4.17, 4.18, 4.22, 4.23, 4.25, 4.28, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13
and Clause 6) . 91
8.4 Tension test (see 4.6, 4.9, 4,11, 4,14, 4.17, 4.18, 4.22, 4.23, 4.25, 4.27, 4.28, 5.1, 5.2,
5.3, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13, Clause 6 and A.37) . 91
8.5 Drop test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10, 4.14, 4.22, 4.23, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13) . 95
8.6 Tip over test (see 4.10, 4.22, 4.23, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13). 95
8.7 Impact test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10, 4.14, 4.15, 4.17, 4.22, 4.23, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13,
8.14 and A.38) . 96
8.8 Compression test (see 4.6, 4.14, 4.17, 4.22, 4.23, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and A.39) . 96
8.9 Soaking test (see 4.11, 4.23, 5.1, 5.10 and 5.12) . 96
8.10 Accessibility of a part or component (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 4.10.2, 4.10.4, 4.15, 4.21, 4.23,
4.27, 4.28, 5.1, 5.2 and 5.7) . 97
8.11 Sharpness of edges (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.9, 4.10, 4.14, 4.15, 4.17, 5.1 and 7.6) . 99
8.12 Sharpness of points (see 4.5, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10, 4.14, 4.15, 4.17, 5.1 and A.40) . 100
8.13 Flexibility of metallic wires (see 4.8 and A.41) . 102
8.14 Expanding materials (see 4.6 and A.7) . 103
8.15 Leakage of liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42) . 105
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8.16 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 5.8, 5.11 and A.43) . 106
8.17 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 4.11 and A.44) . 107
8.18 Folding or sliding mechanisms (see 4.10.1 and A.45) . 107
8.19 Electric resistivity of cords (see 4.13) . 109
8.20 Cords cross-sectional dimension (see 5.4.7) . 109
8.21 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child . 110
8.22 Stability, heavy immobile toys (see 4.16). 128
8.23 Kinetic energy and Kinetic energy density of projectiles (see 4.17.3) . 129
8.24 Plastic sheeting . 134
8.25 Determination of emission sound pressure levels (see 4.20) . 134
8.26 Measurement of temperature rises (see 4.21) . 147
8.27 Toy chest lids (see 4.14.1 c)) . 147
8.28 Small balls and suction cups test (see 4.17, 4.22, 4.25, 5.10 and 5.13). 148
8.29 Test for play figures (see 5.11) . 149
8.30 Tension test for magnets (see 4.23.2 and A.51) . 149
8.31 Magnetic flux index (see 4.23.2 and 4.23.3) . 150
8.32 Perimeter of cords and chains (see 5.4.4) . 152
8.33 Yo-yo balls measurements (see 4.24) . 156
8.34 Breakaway feature separation test (see 5.4.2, 5.4.3 and 5.14) . 159
8.35 Self-retracting cords (see 5.4.8) . 159
8.36 Length of cords, chains and electrical cables (see 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.4.5 and 5.4.6) . 159
8.37 Assessment of the tangle potential of two cords or chains (see 5.4.3) . 160
8.38 Determination of projectile range (see 4.17) . 161
8.39 Assessment of leading parts of projectiles and flying toys (see 4.27.1 and 4.17.2) . 162
8.40 Length of suction cup projectiles . 163
8.41 Wall impact test for projectiles (see A.22) . 163
8.42 Escape force for toys that a child can enter (See 4.14.1) . 164
8.43 Combinations of ventilation openings (See 4.14.1 and 4.14.2.1) . 164
Annex A (informative) Background and rationale for this European Standard . 166
A.1 General . 166
A.2 Scope (see Clause 1) . 166
A.3 Material cleanliness (see 4.1) . 166
A.4 Assembly (see 4.2) . 167
A.5 Flexible plastic sheeting (see 4.3) . 167
A.6 Glass (see 4.5 and 5.7) . 167
A.7 Expanding materials (see 4.6 and 8.14) . 167
A.8 Edges (see 4.7) . 168
A.9 Points and metallic wires (see 4.8) . 168
A.10 Protruding parts (see 4.9). 169
A.11 Folding and sliding mechanisms (see 4.10.1) . 169
A.12 Driving mechanisms (see 4.10.2) . 170
A.13 Hinges (see 4.10.3) . 170
A.14 Springs (see 4.10.4) . 170
A.15 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see 4.11) . 171
A.16 Balloons (see 4.3, 4.12 and 7.3) . 171
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A.17 Cords of toy kites (see 4.13) . 171
A.18 Toys which a child can enter (see 4.14.1) . 171
A.19 Masks and helmets (see 4.14.2 and 7.8) . 172
A.20 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15 and 7.14) . 172
A.21 Rocking horses and similar toys (see 4.15.8) . 177
A.22 Projectile toys (see 4.17) . 177
A.23 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see 4.18 and 7.4) . 181
A.24 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys and toys using percussion caps
(see 4.19) . 182
A.25 Acoustics (see 4.20) . 182
A.26 General requirements for toys intended for children under 36 months (see 5.1) . 185
A.27 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see 5.2) . 187
A.28 Adhesion of plastic sheeting (see 5.3) . 188
A.29 Cords and chains in toys (see 5.4) . 188
A.30 Liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42) . 192
A.31 Shape and size of certain toys (see 5.8 and A.43) . 192
A.32 Toys comprised of monofilament fibres (see 5.9) . 193
A.33 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see 7.1) . 193
A.34 Warning for toys not intended for children under 36 months (see 7.2) . 195
A.35 Warnings in connection with functional toys (see 7.5) . 195
A.36 Small parts cylinder (see 8.2) . 195
A.37 Tension test (see 8.4) . 196
A.38 Impact test (see 8.7) . 196
A.39 Compression test (see 8.8) . 196
A.40 Sharpness of points (see 8.12) . 196
A.41 Flexibility of metallic wires (see 8.13) . 196
A.42 Leakage of liquid-filled teethers (see 8.15 and A.30) . 196
A.43 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 8.16 and A.31). 196
A.44 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 8.17) . 197
A.45 Folding or sliding mechanisms (see 8.18) . 197
A.46 Static strength (see 8.21) . 197
A.47 Kinetic energy of projectiles, bows and arrows (see 8.23) . 197
A.48 Small balls (see 4.22 and 5.10) . 197
A.49 Toy scooters (see 4.15.5) . 199
A.50 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see 5.12) . 199
A.51 Magnets (see 4.23) . 199
A.52 Yo-yo balls (see 4.24) . 202
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A.53 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see 5.14) . 205
A.54 Suction cups (see 5.13). 205
A.55 Toys attached to food (see 4.25) . 205
A.56 Packaging (see Clause 6) . 206
A.57 Cords and drawstrings (see 4.26) . 207
A.58 Flying toys, rotors and propellers (see 4.27) . 207
A.59 Food imitating toys (see 4.28) . 209
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2009/48/EC (OJ L 170, 30.6.2009) aimed to be covered . 211
Bibliography . 213
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European foreword
This document (prEN 71-1:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 52 “Safety of toys”,
the secretariat of which is held by DS.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 71-1:2014+A1:2018.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
For the relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
NOTE 1 Different legal requirements might exist in non-EU countries.
This document constitutes the first part of the EN 71 series of standards on safety of toys.
EN 71, Safety of toys, consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties (this document);
— Part 2: Flammability;
— Part 3: Migration of certain elements;
— Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities;
— Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets;
— Part 7: Finger paints — Requirements and test methods;
— Part 8: Activity toys for domestic use;
— Part 10: Organic chemical compounds — Sample preparation and extraction;
— Part 11: Organic chemical compounds — Methods of analysis;
— Part 12: N-Nitrosamines and N-nitrosatable substances;
— Part 13: Olfactory board games, cosmetic kits and gustative games;
— Part 14: Trampolines for domestic use;
— Part 15: Formamide in foam toy materials (content) (under development);
— Part 16: Certain chlorinated phosphorus flame retardants (TCEP, TCPP, TDCP) in toy materials (under
development);
— Part 17: Certain isothiazolinones (MIT, CIT, BIT) in aqueous toy materials (under development);
Part 18: Phenol in aqueous (content) and polymeric (migration) toy materials (under development);
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— Part 19: Migration of bisphenol A from toy materials (under development);
— Part 20: Microbiological safety of toys containing accessible aqueous media (under development).
It is up to the user of the standard to determine whether or not a toy is included in the scope of several of
the above parts of the EN 71 series, and to apply each applicable standard accordingly. Normative
references from one part of the EN 71 series to another, are therefore normally not provided in the
individual parts.
NOTE 2 In addition to the above parts of EN 71, the following documents have been published:
— CEN/TR 15071, Safety of toys — National translations of warnings and instructions for use in the EN 71
series,
— CEN/TR 15371 (parts 1 and 2), Safety of toys — Interpretations [32],
— CEN/TR 16918, Safety of toys — Children's mouthing behaviour in contact with toys,
— CEN/TR 17695, Safety of toys — Mechanical and physical properties — Guidance on categorisation of
projectile toys within EN 71-1,
— CEN/TS 17973, Safety of toys — Categorization of slime type materials, and
— CEN ISO/TR 8124-8, Safety of toys — Part 8: Age determination guidelines [22].
The following significant editorial and technical changes have been implemented in this new edition:
Clause/Paragraph/ Change
Table/Figure
3.11 Update and clarification of the definition of “close-to-the-ear toy”.
3.27 New definition of the term “flash”.
3.37 Updated definition of the term “large and bulky toy”.
3.38 New definition of the term “latex balloon”.
Deleted the definition of maximum saddle height.
Deleted the definition of plastic sheeting (was 3.52).
3.55 New definition of the term “reference box”.
3.58 New definition of the term “resilient material”.
3.60 New subclause heading for definitions related to ride-on toys.
3.61 Update and clarification of the definition of “soft-filled toy” .
3.76 New definition of the term “toy chest”.
4.6 Revised the requirements for expanding materials.
4.7 Added an exemption for trampolines covered by EN 71-14.
4.8 Added an exemption for trampolines covered by EN 71-14.
4.9 Added clarification about protrusions addressed by the requirements. Added an
exemption for trampolines covered by EN 71-14.
4.10.4 Added an exemption for trampolines covered by EN 71-14.
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4.14.1 Updated and clarified the requirement with respect to ventilation, particularly
when multiple openings are used. A new test method for assessing groups of
openings was referenced. A new test method for assessing the escape force was
referenced. Added an exemption for trampolines covered by EN 71-14.
4.14.2 Updated and clarified the requirement with respect to ventilation, particularly
when multiple openings are used. A new test method for assessing groups of
openings was referenced. The figure was updated. A new test method for
assessing the escape force was referenced.
4.15 Update and reformat of the requirements for toys intended to bear the mass of
a child. All requirements for toys intended to bear the mass of a child have been
consolidated under this clause.
4.17.3.2 Updated the note to clarify how leading edges on projectiles can be determined.
4.17.4.3 Clarified that the reference to 4.17.3.2 does not apply.
4.17.4.4 Clarified that the reference to 4.17.3.2 does not apply.
4.18 Clarified which provisions of the referenced standard are excluded.
4.23.3 Clarified the exemption also applies to magnetic components.
4.24 Clarified that yo-yo balls comply with the requirement if the tether breaks
during the testing.
4.28 Add a new requirement for toys that imitate food.
5.1 Added an exemption from the requirements for sand and confirmed that
inflatable toys are assessed inflated or deflated.
5.1 a) Clarified that the test for paperboard components applies to components which
are individually separate and distinct and, that it does not apply to parts of
paperboard torn or broken off of larger paperboard components.
5.1 e) Clarified that the requirement also applies to glued wooden components.
5.2 b) Clarified that holes which permit small parts to pass through are not excluded
from the requirement.
5.4.9.1 Clarified that the requirement applies to toys intended to be strung across a
cradle, cot or perambulator by means of strings, cords, elastics or straps.
5.8 Clarified that the requirements do not apply to elements intended to fix toys to
a crib provided the instructions indicate the fixings are to be removed before
giving the item to a child.
5.14 Added a requirement to ensure it is possible to join the parts of cords after they
have been separated in line with 5.4.
6 Clarified that the packaging requirements apply regardless of whether the toy is
marked for adult assembly.
7.1 Further clarified that although the subclauses of 7 each include the word
warning, it is permissible to replace several uses of the word warning with a
single use of the word warning.
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7.2 Clarified that where the symbol is used it is to be preceded by the word
“warning”.
7.7 Added an example of a toy where it would be considered unreasonable to be able
aim it at the face.
7.14 All warning requirements related to toys intended to bear the mass of a child
have been consolidated under Clause 7.14.
7.14.2 Added a new option of using graphical symbols for indicating that protective
equipment shall be worn.
7.14.10 Added a new requirement that toys intended to bear the mass of a child should
come with appropriate maintenance instructions.
8 Ensure the terms “load” and “mass” were used correctly throughout the clause.
8.4.2 Clarified that the tension force is to be applied in line with the major axis of the
component under test or at right angles to the edge of the component under test.
8.4.2.1 Deleted incorrect references to suction cups.
8.4.2.5 Clarified that the perpendicular tension test should be carried out in the most
onerous direction.
8.4.2.6 Clarified that tension force should be applied to the blade and its connecting
parts only and not to parts such as the centre hub or motor spindle.
8.5 Added an allowance to drop in random orientations when the most onerous
drop orientation cannot be located. Updated the referenced standards.
8.7 Clarified the position of the part under text.
8.8 Clarified that the disc through which the compression force is applied, it to be
applied flat, to the surface of the toy.
8.9 Changed the temperature of the water used in the soaking test to align with
other international standards and added tolerances.
8.11.2.2 Updated the normative reference.
8.13 Clarified that the wire should be bent at the clamping point rather than
allowing flexibility of the wire. Clarified what is meant by one test cycle.
8.14 Revised the test method for expanding materials.
8.16 Clarified the test method for the geometric shape of certain toys and divided into
subclauses for templates A and B.
8.21 All test methods related to toys intended to bear the mass of a child have been
consolidated under Clause 8.21.
8.21.3 A revised stability requirement has been included to address fore and aft
stability as well as sideways stability.
8.21.4 A new test method for handlebar impact has been introduced.
8.21.5 A new test method addressing brake performance has been introduced.
8.21.7 Revised forces and an updated method have been introduced in the test method
for the strength of toy scooter steering tubes.
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8.21.8 A new method to assess the security of handlebar stems is introduced.
8.21.9 A new method to test the strength of stabilizers is introduced.
8.21.10 A new method to test the security of seat posts has been introduced.
8.23 The test methods related to projectile speed and energy have been updated and
clarified.
8.28.1.5 Removed the referenced standard for the reference box in favour of the newly
defined term.
8.30 Added a requirement for toys that contain one magnet only and no metal mating
component
8.33.2 Clarified that for yo-yo balls where the tether breaks during the test are
considered to comply with the requirement
8.41 The previous 8.4.2.5 (wall impact test) was moved to this new clause.
8.42 Introduced a new method to test the escape force of toys that a child can enter.
8.43 Introduced a new method to test when a combinations of ventilation openings
can be considered a single group.
Annex A Several sections have been updated.
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prEN 71-1:2024 (E)
Introduction
This European Standard aims at reducing as far as possible those hazards which are not evident to users;
it does not cover inherent hazards (e.g. instability of two-wheeled scooters, sharp needles in a sewing kit,
etc.) that are obvious to children or the persons in charge of them. Assuming that the toys are used in the
intended manner they should not present any further hazard to children for whom they are intended
(according to Directive 2009/48/EC (Toy Safety Directive) [21] “intended for use by” means that a parent
or supervisor shall reasonably be able to assume by virtue of the functions, dimensions and
characteristics of a toy that it is intended for use by children of the stated age group”). Allowance should
also be made for foreseeable use, bearing in mind the behaviour of children who do not generally share
the same degree of care as the average adult user.
As a general rule, toys are designed and manufactured for particular ages of children. Their
characteristics are related to the age and stage of development of the children, and their use presupposes
certain aptitudes.
Accidents are frequently due to a toy either being given to a child for whom it is not intended, or being
used for a purpose other than that for which it was designed. Great care should therefore be taken when
choosing a toy or game; account should be taken of the mental and physical development of the child who
will be using it.
The requirements of this European Standard do not release parents or carers from their responsibility of
watching over the child while he or she is playing.
oSIST prEN 71-1:2024
prEN 71-1:2024 (E)
1 Scope (see A.2)
This European Standard specifies requirements and methods of tests for mechanical and physical
properties of toys.
This European Standard applies to toys for children, toys being any product or material designed or
intended, whether or not exclusively, for use in play by children of less than 14 years. It refers to new toys
taking into account the period of foreseeable and normal use, and that the toys are used as intended or in
a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the behaviour of children.
It includes specific requirements for toys intended for children under 36 months, children under 18
months and for children who are too young to sit up unaided. According to Directive 2009/48/EC (Toy
Safety Directive) [21] “intended for use by” means that a parent or supervisor shall reasonably be able to
assume by virtue of the functions, dimensions and characteristics of a toy that it is intended for use by
children of the stated age group. For example, soft-filled toys with simple features intended for holding
and cuddling are considered as intended for use by children under 36 months.
NOTE Information relating to the age grading and age determination of toys can be found in
CEN ISO/TR 8124-8 [22] and the European Commission’s Guidance Documents on the Toy Safety Directive.
This European Standard also specifies requirements for packaging, marking and labelling.
This European Standard does not cover musical instruments, sports equipment or similar items but does
include their toy counterparts.
This European Standard does not apply to the following toys:
— automatic playing machines, whether coin operated or not, intended for public use;
— toy vehicles equipped with combustion engines (see A.2);
— toy steam engines;
— toy slings and toy catapults, supplied without projectiles;
— remote control flying toys incorporating rotor blade(s) which are capable of spinning approximately
horizontally, each blade being greater than 175 mm in length, measured from the centre of rotation
to the blade tip, and with an overall mass of the flying toy greater than 50 g.
Toy slings and toy catapults
...
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