ASTM F852/F852M-22

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F852/F852M −22
Standard Specification for
Portable Gasoline, Kerosene, and Diesel Containers for
Consumer Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F852/F852M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This specification establishes performance requirements
for portable gasoline, kerosene, and diesel containers intended
2. Referenced Documents
for reuse by the consumer. This specification also covers
reusable containers for gas/oil mixtures commonly used for 2.1 ASTM Standards:
two-cycle engines and reusable dual-compartment containers
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
for separate gas and oil storage. of Steel Products
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
1.2 This specification is not a fire hazard standard, but a
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
specification for portable gasoline, kerosene, and diesel con-
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
tainers for consumer use.
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
1.3 This specification defines performance requirements for
D999 Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Con-
systems that can effectively reduce fuel spillage and emissions
tainers
when used in accordance with the manufacturer’s (marked)
D2561 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Crack Resis-
warnings, operating instructions, and limitations of use. This
tance of Blow-Molded Polyethylene Containers
specification does not provide assurance that systems meeting
D3699 Specification for Kerosine
the requirements are suited to all fueling applications and
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
conditions.
Fuel
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch- D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-
Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equiva- F839 Specification for Cautionary Labeling of Portable
lents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the Gasoline, Kerosene, and Diesel Containers for Consumer
other.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemshasthepotential Use
to result in non-conformance with the standard. F2517 Specification for Determination of Child Resistance
of Portable Fuel Containers for Consumer Use
1.5 The following precautionary caveat applies only to the
F3326 Specification for Flame Mitigation Devices on Por-
Test Method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
table Fuel Containers
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
G153 Practice for Operating Enclosed Carbon Arc Light
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
G155 Practice for Operating XenonArc LampApparatus for
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
Exposure of Materials
regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for additional
precautionary information.
2.2 ANSI Standard:
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- B71.1b1977 Supplement to Safety Specifications for Power
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Lawn Mowers, Lawn and Garden Tractors, and Lawn
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Tractors
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.10 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards for Flammable Liquid Containers. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2022. Published January 2022. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as F852/F852M – 20. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
DOI: 10.1520/F0852_F0852M-22. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F852/F852M−22
3. Terminology 4.2 Color—The PFCs intended for gasoline shall be pre-
dominately red in color. PFCs intended for kerosene shall be
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
predominantly medium blue in color. PFCs intended for diesel
3.1.1 container, n—mainvesselofthePFC,intendedtohold
containers shall be predominantly medium yellow in color.
and carry fuel, including components permanently affixed to it
Pigments, coatings, or other means used to impart color shall
and excluding removable spouts, closures, and other compo-
not be affected by the intended fuel.
nents.
4.3 Capacity—The PFC rated capacity shall be a maximum
3.1.2 closure, n—any combination of components that func-
of 25 L [6.6 gal].
tionallysealsanyintendedopeningandpreventsthestoredfuel
from escaping during storage and transport. 4.3.1 The total volume shall exceed the rated capacity by at
least 5 %.
3.1.3 diesel, n—hydrocarbon/FAME mixture obtained from
4.3.2 Capacity shall be determined with the container and
petroleum distillation and/or biomass processing, which may
its contents at 23.5 °C 6 2.5 °C [74.5 °F 6 4.5 °F].
contain up to 20 % Bio Diesel, such as specified in Specifica-
tion D975.
4.4 Flame Mitigation—In accordance with Specification
3.1.4 filling opening, n—opening intended to be used for the
F3326,aflamemitigationdeviceshallbeprovidedineachPFC
addition of fuel to the PFC, which may also be the same
opening.
opening used for pouring.
4.5 Child Resistance—In accordance with Specification
3.1.5 flame mitigation device, FMD, n—device permanently
F2517, closures of each PFC opening shall be child resistant.
installed in a container to prevent the propagation of an
4.6 Stability—The PFC shall not upset when tested in
external ignition into the PFC.
accordance with 7.1.
3.1.6 gasoline, n—a hydrocarbons/alcohol mixture obtained
from petroleum distillation and/or biomass processing, gener- 4.7 Handle—The PFC shall be provided with a handle. The
ally containing small amounts of additives, suitable for use as
PFC shall not leak when tested in accordance with 7.2.
a fuel in spark-ignition, internal combustion engines per
4.8 Drop Strength—ThecompletePFCsystemshallnotleak
specifications such as Specification D4814 or D5798 (which
when tested in accordance with 7.3.
may contain up to 85 % alcohol oxygenates, typically ethanol).
4.9 Internal Pressure—The PFC container shall not leak
3.1.7 kerosene, n—hydrocarbon mixture obtained from pe-
(bubbleonthecontainer)whentestedinaccordancewith7.4at
troleum distillation as specified in Specification D3699.
207 kPa [20 psi] with closures installed.
3.1.8 portable fuel container, PFC, n—single- or multi-
4.10 Heat Resistance—The PFC container shall not leak
compartment vessel intended for use by consumers to transport
gasoline, gas/oil mixtures (or separate compartments of gas when tested in accordance with 7.10. Any burning that occurs
shall self-extinguish without causing the PFC to leak.
andoil),diesel,orkerosenefromtheirdistributionpointstothe
consumer’s storage and use points, including all of the com-
4.11 Permeability—The filled PFC shall not have a weight
ponents intended for use on or with the container including
loss greater than 1 % when tested in accordance with 7.6.
those supplied by manufacturers other than the PFC manufac-
turer.
NOTE 1—Compliance with more stringent regulatory requirements (for
example, from the California Air Resource Board (CARB) or the
3.1.9 pouring spout, n—component through which the con-
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)) is acceptable proof of meeting
tents of the PFC can be dispensed.
the permeability requirement.
3.1.10 pouring vent, n—part of the PFC enabling free entry
4.12 Durability:
of air to replace the liquid being poured out.
4.12.1 Container Material Fuel Resistance—The PFC con-
3.1.11 rated capacity, n—volumeindicatedonthePFC;may
tainer material shall show no pitting, crazing, softening,
also be termed nominal capacity or maximum filling level.
bubbling, cracking, tackiness, or decomposition and the mate-
3.1.12 total volume, n—rated capacity plus any remaining rial shall retain at least 70 % of its tensile yield strength when
space within the PFC.
tested in accordance with 7.7.1.
4.12.2 PFC Fuel Resistance—There shall be no evidence of
4. Requirements
deteriorationorleakageofthepouringspoutandclosureswhen
4.1 General—The complete portable fuel container (PFC)
tested in accordance with 7.7.2.
systemshallshowevidenceofgoodworkmanshipandmeetthe
4.12.3 Stress Cracking—The PFC container, if made of
following requirements:
blow molded polyethylene, shall not crack in 120 h when
4.1.1 All PFC tests shall be conducted after closures are
tested in accordance with 7.8.
secured with torque values specified in Table 1.
4.12.4 Corrosion Resistance—This requirement applies
only to metal PFCs or metal components of a PFC. No leakage
TABLE 1 Torque Requirements
shall be evident when tested in accordance with 7.9.
Outer Diameter of Closure Closing Torque, Nm [lbf·in.]
4.12.5 Aging—The material of a plastic PFC container shall
Less than 51 mm [2 in.] 2.8 [25]
retain at least 70 % of its original tensile strength when tested
51 mm [2 in.] and greater 5.6 [50]
in accordance with 7.5 (7.5.1 and 7.5.2).
F852/F852M−22
4.13 Openings and Closures—AllopeningsinPFCsshallbe PFCfromtheropefor1min,thenraiseit305mm[12in.]from
provided with a means of closure. Closures shall not leak when the suspended position and allow it to fall freely.
tested in accordance with 7.11.
7.3 Drop Strength Test:
4.13.1 Filling Opening—The opening intended for filling
7.3.1 Fill the PFC to its rated capacity with water at 23.5 °C
the PFC shall have a minimum inside diameter of 31.7 mm
6 2.5 °C [74.5 °F 6 4.5 °F] and secure the closures as
[1.25 in.].
intended for transportation and storage. Drop it, free fall, onto
4.13.2 Pouring Vent—The PFC shall be provided with a
a flat, solid surface (steel plate or concrete). Using the same
vented pouring spout or other means for venting the container
PFC, make drops in the following sequence: one drop on the
during pouring.
bottom, one drop on a bottom corner, and one drop on a side.
4.13.3 Pouring Spout—The opening intended for pouring
The distance of fall shall be 1.8 m [6 ft].
shall have a pouring spout designed to permit gasoline,
7.3.2 Repeat the test as in 7.3.1 using a different PFC filled
kerosene,ordieseltopourwithoutleakage.PFCsshallnotleak
with a blend of 50 % glycol and 50 % water at –18 °C 61°C
when tested in accordance with 7.12.
[0 °F 62 °F]. Condition the PFC and its contents at –18 °C 6
NOTE 2—Compliance with alternative regulatory requirements, for 1°C[0°F 6 2 °F] for 1 h before testing. For these tests, the
example from the California Air Resource Board (CARB) or the Envi-
distance of fall shall be 1.2 m [4 ft].
ronmental Protection Agency (EPA), is acceptable proof of meeting the
NOTE 3—The location of the pouring spout is considered to be the front
requirement in 4.13.3.
of the PFC. The side is considered to be approximately 90° to either left
or right of the pouring spout area.
5. Markings
7.4 Hydrostatic Pressure Test—Fill a sample PFC with
5.1 The PFC shall be labeled in accordance with Specifica-
water at 40 °C 6 3 °C [104 °F 6 5 °F] to its rated capacity by
tion F839.
volume and secure the closures as intended for transportation
5.2 The PFC shall be clearly marked with at least one of the
and storage. Condition the PFC and its contents at 40 °C 6
following:
3 °C [104 °F 6 5 °F] for 60 min before testing. Increase the
5.2.1 The manufacturer’s name,
internal pressure to a gage pressure of 138 kPa [20 psi] and
5.2.2 The private labeler’s name, and
maintain for 5 min. Apply the pressure by inserting and
5.2.3 An identifying symbol.
securing an adaptor through a drilled hole in a flat, heavy
5.3 The PFC shall be marked with its rated capacity in litres
section of the PFC container wall and not on a pinch-off or
and in U.S. gallons.
parting line.
5.4 Marking durability shall comply with the applicable
7.5 Aging Test—Perform the following two tests on the PFC
requirements of ANSI B71.1b1977.
container material. In both tests, determine tensile strength in
accordance with the conditions outlined in Test Method D638
5.5 Additional markings, for example, as required by other
using five specimens and a crosshead speed of 50 mm [2 in.]
authorities, are permitted.
per minute.
6. Precautions
7.5.1 Test 1—Testthespecimenfor720h(outdoorrating)in
accordance with Specification G153 or for 1000 h (outdoor
6.1 Flammable and combustible fuels are used in some of
rating) in accordance with Specification G155. The test cycle
the following tests. Cautionary standards for handling and
for each method shall consist of 102 min of light followed by
disposal of hazardous materials need to be observed. Do not
18 min of light and spray.
open containers containing fuel in the presence of an open
7.5.2 Test 2—Suspend the test specimens in a circulating air
flame or other source of ignition.
oven at 87 °C 6 2 °C [189 °F 6 3.6 °F]. for 60 days.
7. Test Methods
7.6 Permeability Test—Fill the PFC to its rated capacity
7.1 Stability Test—Fill a sample PFC with water at 23.5 °C with Reference Fuel B (70 % isooctane and 30 % toluene by
6 2.5 °C [74.5 °F 6 4.5 °F] to its rated capacity by volume. volume), as defined by Test Method D471 and secure the
Secure the closures as in transportation and storage. Place the closures.Weigh the PFC accurately to the nearest 5 g [0.01 lb].
PFC in its intended storage orientation with its base on an After storage for 60 days at 23.5 °C 6 2.5 °C [74.5 °F 6
inclined plane forming an angle of 20° with the horizontal. 4.5 °F] or 30 days at 40 °C 6 2 °C [104 °F 6 4 °F], reweigh
During the test, rotate the PFC about its vertical axis so that the PFC and calculate the weight loss.
stability can be checked with the sample facing any direction.
7.7 Fuel Resistance Test:
Test at 90°, 180°, 270°, an
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