oSIST prEN 13036-5:2006

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2006
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Road and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 5: Determination of
longitudinal unevenness indices
Oberflächeneigenschaften von Straßen und Flugplätzen - Prüfverfahren - Teil 5:
Bestimmung der Längsunebenheitsindizes
Caractéristiques de surface des routes et aérodromes - Méthodes d'essais - Partie 5:
Détermination des indices d'uni longitudinal
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13036-5
ICS:
17.040.20 Lastnosti površin Properties of surfaces
93.080.10 Gradnja cest Road construction
93.120 *UDGQMDOHWDOLãþ Construction of airports
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2006
ICS
English Version
Road and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 5:
Determination of longitudinal unevenness indices
Oberflächeneigenschaften von Straßen und Flugplätzen -
Prüfverfahren - Teil 5: Bestimmung der
Längsunebenheitsindizes
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 227.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13036-5:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Introduction .3
1 Scope.3
2 Normative references.4
3 Terms and definitions .4
4 Symbols and abbreviations .6
5 Computation of unevenness indices.7
5.1 General overview of the computation .7
5.2 Pre-filtering and re-sampling.8
6 Computation of unevenness indices.11
6.1 International Roughness Index (IRI) .11
6.1.1 General.11
6.1.2 Moving average length.12
6.1.3 Presentation base length .12
6.2 Wave bands analysis.12
6.2.1 Computation of the indices .12
6.2.2 Filters.13
6.2.3 Filtering algorithm.14
6.2.4 Wave band indices.15
6.3 PSD analyses.16
6.3.1 Segmentation and windowing.16
6.3.2 PSD Computation.16
6.3.3 De-colouring.16
6.3.4 Smoothing.16
6.3.5 Fitting and computation.16
7 Test report.18
Annex A (informative) Re-sampling.19
Annex B (informative) Wave bands analysis.20
B.1 Re-sampling and three bands filtering .20
B.1.1 Re-sampling and three bands filtering process detailed algorithm.22
B.2 Detailed characteristics of filters .24
Annex C (informative) An illustration of PSD computation .26
C.1 General.26
C.2 Segmentation and windowing.26
C.3 PSD Computation.27
C.4 De-colouring.27
C.5 Smoothing.27
C.6 Fitting and computation.30
Bibliography .35

Foreword
This document (prEN 13036-5:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road
materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
Introduction
The road profile unevenness through road/vehicle dynamic interaction and vehicle vibration affects safety (tyre
contact forces), ride comfort, energy consumption and vehicle wear. The road profile unevenness is
consequently a key information for road maintenance management systems.
The measurement of road unevenness has been a subject of numerous researches for more than 70 years.
Methods developed can be classified into two types:
 those based on response type devices and
 those based on profiling devices or profilometers.
Assessing the condition of a road using a profilometer usually involve to record its profile, then computing a
limited set of numbers or indices characterising the unevenness, and eventually comparing these indexes to a
reference scale. Only profilometers able to digitise and record under a digital format a road profile from which
different indices can be computed are considered in this prEN 13036-6.
The purpose of this document is to standardise various possible characterisations of the road profile
unevenness such as the International Roughness Index (IRI) computation procedure, wave bands analyses
as well as Power Spectral Density (PSD) analyses. The objective of the document is not to impose a single
specific procedure but to insure that when applying one of the possible procedure exactly the same steps are
carried out with the aim of facilitating the comparison of unevenness measurements carried out with different
profiling instruments in European countries.
It is beyond the scope of this document to provide reference values for these indices, or to provide detailed
information about the characteristics of profilometers.
1 Scope
This document defines different possible methods for processing digitised road profiles:
 Computation of the International Roughness Index (IRI); based on the Golden car characteristics,
 Spectral analyses: Wave band analysis and Spectrum analysis, based on the Power Spectral Density
(PSD)
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 13036-6, Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 6: Measurement of
transverse and longitudinal profiles in the unevenness and megatexture wavelength ranges.
ISO 2041, Vibration and shock — Vocabulary.
ISO 8608, Mechanical vibrations — Road surface profiles — Reporting of measured data.
ANSI – S1. 11-2004-07-27, Specification for octave band and fractional octave band, analog and digital filters.
IEC 61260, Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters.
ISO TS 13473-4, Characterisation of pavement texture by use of surface profiles. (in preparation)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
profile
is the intersection between the surface of the pavement and the plane which contains both the vertical of the
measured pavement and the line of travel of the measuring instrument; when the measuring instrument
travels in a curve the line of travel is the tangent to that curve, when travelling in a straight line it is this line. In
this plane, a point of the profile can be adequately described by its coordinates x (abscissa) and z (elevation),
in any orthonormal reference system (X, Z), where Z is parallel to the aforementioned vertical
3.2
spatial sampling interval
is the absolute value of the difference of abscissa between two adjacent points of the digitised longitudinal
profile line. This definition assumes that the distance measured by the profilometer, which is usually related to
the curvilinear abscissa, is close enough to the abscissa in the mathematical sense
3.3
longitudinal road profile
is one of the profiles obtained when the measuring instrument travels in the same direction as the usual traffic.
Usually one of the profiles measured in the wheel tracks is used
NOTE Strictly speaking the digitised profile given by a profilometer, is a distorted image of the real profile, usually
referred as a pseudo-profile ; in order to make the remaining part of this standard more easy to read the word profile is
used to denote this image.
3.4
Longitudinal unevenness
is the deviation of the longitudinal profile from a straight reference line in a wavelength range of 0,5 m to 50 m.
The reference line, is usually the intersection of the profile plane and the horizontal plane.
The range from 0,5 m to 50 m is the common range for roads. This limit can be extended to 100 m for
runways. Higher values don’t deal with unevenness but depend on road geometry
3.5
raw profile
is the profile given by a profilometer when measuring a longitudinal road profile. Characteristics of raw profile,
depend on the profilometer used
3.6
pre-processed profile (re-sampled and filtered profile)
is obtained by applying the re-sampling and filtering procedure described in clause 6. The pre-processing
procedure aims to harmonize the profile provided by various devices
3.7
wavelengths
in most cases the profile can be adequately described as a sum of sine functions, when this is possible one
such sine function is
2π
 
Asin ()x − x 
Λ
 
Where
Λ is the wavelength of the sine in metres (m);
A is the amplitude of the sine in metres (m);
x is the abscissa of the current point, in metres (m);
x is the phase of the sine, in m
...