SIST EN 50678:2020
(Main)General procedure for verifying the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical equipment after repair
General procedure for verifying the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical equipment after repair
This document specifies requirements for setting a uniform procedure to verify the effectiveness of the protective measures for current-using equipment or appliances after they have been repaired.
This procedure is applicable to current-using equipment or appliances with a rated voltage above 25 V AC and 60 V DC up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC, and currents up to 63 A, connected to final circuits. They may be either pluggable equipment type A connected or permanently connected.
This document is not intended to replace test covered by safety standards nor product standards, for example type tests, routine tests and acceptance tests.
This document assumes that the current-using equipment or appliances under consideration complies with its related product standard, has been introduced on the market, has been in use, has failed, and has then been repaired.
It intends to verify that operations for repairs have not jeopardized basic protective measures, for example to verify the continuity of the protective conductor, the withstand capability of the insulation or to verify that no metallic part is loose or is inadvertently inserted in the device.
This document does not apply to:
- recurrent tests defined in EN 50699;
- devices and equipment that are part of the fixed electrical installations. For these, tests for verification after repair are covered by HD 60364 6;
- audio/video, information and communication technology equipment;
- uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS);
- charging stations for electro-mobility;
- power supplies;
- programmable Logic Controllers (PLC);
- power Drives;
- devices for EX-zones or for mining applications in general;
- products already covered by standards addressing similar topics such as:
- medical equipment covered by EN 60601 1. For these devices, tests for verification after repair are covered by EN 62353;
- arc welding equipment covered by EN IEC 60974 1. For these devices, tests for verification after repair are covered by EN 60974 4.
- machinery covered by EN 60204-1. For these devices, EN 60204-1 applies.
Allgemeines Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Wirksamkeitder Schutzmaßnahmen von Elektrogeräten nach der Reparatur
Procédure générale visant à vérifier l'efficacité des mesures de protection des équipements électriques après réparation
Le présent document spécifie les exigences relatives à la définition d'une procédure uniforme visant à vérifier l'efficacité des mesures de protection pour les matériels ou appareils d'utilisation après leur réparation.
Cette procédure s'applique aux matériels ou appareils d'utilisation avec une tension assignée supérieure à 25 V en courant alternatif et 60 V en courant continu jusqu'à 1 000 V en courant alternatif et 1 500 V en courant continu et des courants jusqu'à 63 A, raccordés à des circuits terminaux. Il peut s'agir d'équipements enfichables de type A ou d'équipements reliés en permanence.
Le présent document ne vise pas à remplacer les essais couverts par les normes de sécurité ou les normes de produit, par exemple les essais de type, les essais individuels de série et les essais d'acceptation.
Le présent document retient l'hypothèse que les matériels ou appareils d'utilisation à l'étude sont conformes à la norme de produit associée, qu'ils ont été mis sur le marché, qu'ils ont été utilisés, qu'ils ont subi une panne et qu'ils ont ensuite été réparés.
Il vise à vérifier que les actions de réparation n'ont pas compromis les mesures de protection de base, pour contrôler par exemple la continuité du conducteur de protection, la capacité de tenue de l'isolement, ou pour contrôler qu'aucune pièce métallique ne s'est desserrée ou n'a été insérée dans l'appareil par inadvertance.
Ce document ne s'applique pas aux:
— essais récurrents définis dans l'EN 50699;
— dispositifs et équipements qui font partie des installations électriques fixes. Pour ceux-ci, les essais concernant la vérification après réparation sont couverts par la norme HD 60364 6;
— équipements des technologies de l'audio/vidéo, de l'information et de la communication;
— alimentations sans interruptions (ASI);
— bornes de charge pour l'électromobilité;
— alimentations;
— automates programmables (AP);
— entraînements de puissance;
— dispositifs pour les zones explosives (EX) ou pour les applications minières en général;
— produits déjà couverts par des normes traitant de sujets similaires, tels que:
— les appareils médicaux couverts par l'EN 60601 1. Pour ces dispositifs, les essais concernant la vérification après réparation sont couverts par l'EN 62353;
— le matériel de soudage à l'arc couvert par l'EN IEC 60974 1. Pour ces dispositifs, les essais concernant la vérification après réparation sont couverts par l'EN 60974 4;
— les machines couvertes par l'EN 60204-1. Pour ces dispositifs, l'EN 60204-1 s'applique.
Splošni postopek preverjanja učinkovitosti zaščitnih ukrepov za električno opremo po popravilu
Ta dokument določa zahteve za postavitev enotnega postopka za preverjanje učinkovitosti zaščitnih ukrepov pri električnih porabnikih ali gospodinjskih aparatih po njihovem popravilu.
Ta postopek je uporaben za električne porabnike ali gospodinjske aparate z naznačeno napetostjo nad 25 V izmenično in 60 V enosmerno do vključno 1 000 V izmenično in 1 500 V enosmerno in toke do vključno 63 A, ki so priključeni na končne tokokroge. Lahko je vtična oprema tipa A ali trajno priključena.
Ta dokument ni namenjen za nadomestitev preskusov, ki jih podajajo varnostni standardi ali standardi za proizvod, na primer za preskuse tipa, kosovne preskuse in prevzemne preskuse.
Ta dokument predpostavlja, da obravnavani električni porabnik ali aparat ustreza pripadajočemu standardu za proizvod, da je bil dan na trg, bil uporabljen, je odpovedal in je bil popravljen.
Namenjen je preverjanju, da popravila niso ogrozila osnovnih zaščitnih ukrepov, na primer preverjanju neprekinjenosti zaščitnega vodnika, vzdržne zmogljivosti izolacije ali preverjanju, da ni noben kovinski del prost ali nepravilno vstavljen v napravo.
Ta dokument ni namenjen za:
– ponovljive preskuse, ki so podani v EN 50699,1)
– naprave in opremo, ki so del stalnih električnih inštalacij. Preskuse zanje po popravilu obravnava HD 60364-6,
– avdio- in videoopremo, opremo informacijske in komunikacijske tehnologije,
– neprekinjeno napajanje (UPS),
– polnilne postaje za elektromobilnost,
– napajalnike,
– programirljive logične krmilnike (PLC),
– močnostne pogone,
– naprave za EX-cone ali uporabo v rudnikih v splošnem,
– proizvode, ki jih že zajemajo standardi, ki obravnavajo podobno problematiko, kot so:
– medicinska oprema, ki jo obravnava EN 60601-1. Za te naprave so preskusi za preverjanje po popravilu zajeti z EN 62353,
– oprema za obločno varjenje, ki jo obravnava EN IEC 60974-1. Za te naprave so preskusi za
preverjanje po popravilu zajeti z EN 60974-4,
– stroji, ki jih obravnava EN 60204-1. Za te naprave se uporablja EN 60204-1.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2020
Splošni postopek preverjanja učinkovitosti zaščitnih ukrepov za električno
opremo po popravilu
General procedure for verifying the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical
equipment after repair
Allgemeines Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Wirksamkeitder Schutzmaßnahmen von
Elektrogeräten nach der Reparatur
Procédure générale visant à vérifier l'efficacité des mesures de protection des
équipements électriques après réparation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50678:2020
ICS:
17.220.20 Merjenje električnih in Measurement of electrical
magnetnih veličin and magnetic quantities
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50678
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2020
ICS 17.220.20
English Version
General procedure for verifying the effectiveness of the
protective measures of electrical equipment after repair
Procédure générale visant à vérifier l'efficacité des mesures Allgemeines Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit
de protection des équipements électriques après réparation der Schutzmaßnahmen von Elektrogeräten nach der
Reparatur
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2019-12-16. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 50678:2020 E
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Requirements . 9
5 Tests . 9
5.1 General . 9
5.1.1 General test conditions . 9
5.1.2 Visual inspection . 10
5.1.3 Test of the protective measures against electric hazards . 10
5.1.4 Confirmation of the compliance of additional protective measures . 10
5.1.5 Documentation and evaluation of test . 10
5.2 Visual inspection . 11
5.3 Measurement of protective bonding resistance . 11
5.4 Measurement of the insulation resistance . 14
5.5 Measurement of protective conductor current . 21
5.6 Measurement of the touch-current . 27
5.7 Confirmation of the compliance of the specifications for the protective measure
SELV/PELV . 31
5.8 Measurement of the leakage current produced by a floating input with a rated input
voltage above 50 V AC or 120 V DC . 31
5.9 Confirmation of the operation of further protective measures . 32
5.10 Confirmation of the polarity of mains plug wiring . 32
5.11 Functional test . 32
6 Documentation and evaluation of test . 32
7 Test equipment . 33
Annex A (informative) General guidance and rationale . 34
A.1 Intended audience . 34
A.2 Rationale . 35
A.2.1 Clause 5 – Tests . 35
A.2.2 Subclause 5.3 – Measuring of protective bonding resistance . 35
A.2.3 Subclause 5.4 – Measurement of insulation resistance . 35
A.2.4 Alternative method . 37
A.2.5 Differential method . 37
Annex B (informative) Schematics for test sequences . 38
Annex D (normative) Special National Conditions . 41
Bibliography . 42
European foreword
This document (EN 50678:2020) has been prepared by CLC/TC 85X “Measuring equipment for
electrical and electromagnetic quantities”.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has (dop) 2020-12-16
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2022-12-16
standards conflicting with this document
have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Introduction
This standard intends to provide a general test procedure to verify the effectiveness of the basic
protective measures for current-using equipment or appliances after they have been repaired, thus
ensuring the safety of people using repaired equipment.
This standard may be considered to support compliance with the European Directive 2009/104/EU
concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the use of work equipment by workers at
work.
In general, the test procedure for verification of products after repair is the responsibility of the related
product technical committees. This document may be taken into consideration by product technical
committees if they need to take into consideration modified or additional tests for verification after
repairs for products falling within their scope.
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for setting a uniform procedure to verify the effectiveness of the
protective measures for current-using equipment or appliances after they have been repaired.
This procedure is applicable to current-using equipment or appliances with a rated voltage above 25 V
AC and 60 V DC up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC, and currents up to 63 A, connected to final
circuits. They may be either pluggable equipment type A connected or permanently connected.
This document is not intended to replace test covered by safety standards nor product standards, for
example type tests, routine tests and acceptance tests.
This document assumes that the current-using equipment or appliances under consideration complies
with its related product standard, has been introduced on the market, has been in use, has failed, and
has then been repaired.
It intends to verify that operations for repairs have not jeopardized basic protective measures, for
example to verify the continuity of the protective conductor, the withstand capability of the insulation or
to verify that no metallic part is loose or is inadvertently inserted in the device.
This document does not apply to:
— recurrent tests defined in EN 50699;
— devices and equipment that are part of the fixed electrical installations. For these, tests for
verification after repair are covered by HD 60364-6;
— audio/video, information and communication technology equipment;
— uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS);
— charging stations for electro-mobility;
— power supplies;
— programmable Logic Controllers (PLC);
— power Drives;
— devices for EX-zones or for mining applications in general;
— products already covered by standards addressing similar topics such as:
— medical equipment covered by EN 60601-1. For these devices, tests for verification after
repair are covered by EN 62353;
— arc welding equipment covered by EN IEC 60974-1. For these devices, tests for verification
after repair are covered by EN 60974-4.
— machinery covered by EN 60204-1. For these devices, EN 60204-1 applies.
___________
Under preparation. Stage at time of publication: prEN 50699:2019.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
HD 60364-6, Low-voltage electrical installations — Part 6: Verification (IEC 60364-4)
EN 61557 (series), Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V
DC — Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures (IEC 61557, series)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
NOTE Some of the definitions may differ from those in the product standards for type testing, as different
test methods are used.
3.1
electrical safety
protection within an equipment which limits the effects of electrical current on a user or other
individuals
Note 1 to entry: Safety is defined as freedom from unacceptable risk (refer to ISO 14971:2007, definition
2.24).
3.2
testing
visual control, measure and prove the electric equipment after repair to assure that equipment remains
safe to use
3.3
repair
means for restoration of the intended function of the equipment
3.4
(electrically) skilled person
person with relevant education and experience to enable him or her to perceive risks and to avoid
hazards which electricity can create
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-04-01]
3.5
electrical equipment
single apparatus using electrical energy and connected by plug or permanently connected to a final
circuit of the distribution system
Note 1 to entry: Equipment includes those accessories as defined by the manufacturer that are necessary to
enable the normal use of the equipment.
3.6
final circuit (of buildings)
electric circuit intended to supply directly electric current to current-using equipment or socket-outlets
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-14-03]
3.7
leakage current
current flowing from live parts of the equipment to earth
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-442:1998, 442-01-24 modified – the term has changed and a reference to the
absence of an insulation fault has been removed]
3.8
touch-current
electric current passing through a human body or through an animal body when it touches one or more
accessible parts of electrical equipment not connected to protective earth
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-05-21 modified – the wording of the definition has been
narrowed to electrical equipment not connected to protective earth]
3.9
protective conductor current
electric current which flows in a protective conductor and is frequency weighted according to the
characteristics of the human body
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-11-21, modified – the wording of the definition has been
expanded.]
3.10
residual current
vectorial sum of the currents flowing in the live conductors of the mains circuit of the equipment and
frequency weighted according to the characteristics of the human body
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-442:1998, 442-05-19 modified – the wording of the definition has been
expanded]
3.11
insulation resistance
resistance under specified conditions between two conductive elements separated by insulating
materials
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-15-43]
3.12
protective bonding resistance
resistance between any accessible conductive part, which has to be connected for safety purposes to
the protective earth terminal, and the
— protective terminal of the mains plug, or
— protective terminal of the equipment inlet, or
— protective terminal permanently connected to the supply mains,
resistance between protective earth terminals at each end of a detachable power supply cord,
extension leads and multi-way adapters
3.13
SELV
electric system in which the voltage cannot exceed the value of extra-low voltage:
— under normal conditions and
— under single fault conditions, including earth faults in other electric circuits
Note 1 to entry: SELV is the abbreviation for safety extra-low voltage.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-31]
3.14
PELV
electric system in which the voltage cannot exceed the value of extra-low voltage:
— under normal conditions and
— under single fault conditions, except earth faults in other electric circuits
Note 1 to entry: PELV is the abbreviation for protective extra-low voltage.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-32]
3.15
permanently connected equipment
equipment that can only be electrically connected to or disconnected from the mains by the use of a
tool
3.16
pluggable equipment type A
equipment that is intended for connection to the mains via a non-industrial plug and socket outlet or
via a non-industrial appliance coupler, or both
Note 1 to entry: Examples are plugs and socket-outlets covered by standards such as IEC/TR 60083 and
EN 60320-1.
3.17
current-using equipment
electric equipment intended to convert electric energy into another form of energy, for example light,
heat, mechanical energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-16-02]
3.18
hazardous-live-part
live part which, under certain conditions, can give a harmful electric shock
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-13]
4 Requirements
Tests after repair shall only be performed by an electrically skilled person.
Additional requirements (e.g. for the mechanical safety or for fire protection) according to the
requirements from the product safety standard shall be considered.
If testing the equipment requires additional knowledge or additional test and test equipment, for
example equipment for microwaves, tests shall be done according to the instructions of the
manufacturer.
All tests shall be performed in such a manner that the risk for testing personnel or other individuals
shall be reduced by appropriate protective measures.
If not otherwise stated, all values for current and voltage are the RMS values of an alternating, direct
or composite voltage or current.
The applicable tests as listed in Clause 5 shall be used to advise that:
— there are no visible faults on safety related parts, which are accessible by the user, and
— by the intended use of the equipment, no hazard for the user or the environment originates.
The electrically skilled person who is responsible for the test shall decide if additional tests are
required to meet the protective measures.
The electrically skilled person may decide that, for equipment that is connected to the distribution
system with fixed and protected wiring and is not intended to be hand-held during operation, the test is
carried out according to this standard and/or according to HD 60364-6.
The test procedure shall be interrupted, and the equipment shall be disconnected from mains and
marked as failed, if it is found that during the test:
— reduced safety levels are present due to damage or from unintended use, and/or
— functional hazards could occur.
5 Tests
5.1 General
5.1.1 General test conditions
The tests may be performed at the ambient temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure present
at the location of testing. The operational limits of the test equipment and the equipment under test
(EUT) shall be considered.
The test equipment shall be tested according to the test steps in 5.1.2 to 5.1.5, as long as it is possible
with the EUT. The sequence of testing shall be as defined in this standard.
For schematics of test sequences, see Annex B.
Each individual test shall be passed before proceeding to the next test.
If it is not possible to perform a certain test step, an electrically skilled person shall decide if the safety
of the EUT can be confirmed without the test step or by other means.
NOTE 1 Manufacturer’s instructions on tests to be performed after repair can be considered as other means.
The values in this standard shall be used unless the product standard specifically provides in-service
limits in which case the product standard limits shall be used.
NOTE 2 If other external equipment is connected to the EUT, for example via data connectors, measured
values will be for the total system including the external equipment or accessories. If the external equipment is
disconnected from the mains but remains connected to the EUT, measurements can still be influenced such that it
is not possible to correctly access the safety of the EUT.
If it is obvious that the EUT is contaminated by dust or moisture, it is allowed to clean the EUT and/or
the EUT is allowed to dry before starting the tests.
5.1.2 Visual inspection
Visual inspection shall be performed according to 5.2.
5.1.3 Test of the protective measures against electric hazards
Test of the protective measures against electric hazards shall be performed according to 5.3 to 5.8.
— Confirmation of the effectiveness of the protective bonding to all accessible conductive parts
connected for safety reasons to protective earth according to 5.3.
— Confirmation of the effectiveness of the insulation by measuring the insulation resistance between
live parts and accessible conductive parts:
— connected to protective earth (primarily on class I equipment) according to 5.4;
— protected by double or reinforced insulation and not connected to protective earth (primarily
on class II equipment but also on class I equipment) according to 5.4;
— protected by SELV/PELV according to 5.4.
— Confirmation of the compliance with the limits for the leakage currents by measuring of:
— the protective conductor current according to 5.5;
— The touch-current of accessible conductive parts not connected to protective earth, if
applicable, according to 5.6.
NOTE 1 The measurement of leakage current can be omitted on extension leads, detachable power cables,
multiple socket-outlets without electrical parts between live conductors and protective earth.
NOTE 2 In general this standard does not address the measurement of DC leakage currents.
— Confirmation of the compliance with the requirements for the protective measure SELV/PELV by
measuring the output voltage, if the output voltage is accessible according to 5.7.
— Confirmation of the compliance with the limits for the leakage currents produced by a floating
input with a rated input voltage above 50 V AC or 120 V DC according to 5.8.
— Confirmation of the compliance of the polarity of mains plug wiring according to 5.11.
5.1.4 Confirmation of the compliance of additional protective measures
Confirmation of the compliance of additional protective measures shall be according to 5.9.
5.1.5 Documentation and evaluation of test
The documentation and the evaluation of the tests shall be according to Clause 6.
5.2 Visual inspection
The visual inspection shall take place to detect external defects and, if possible, to determine the
qualification of the suitability of the equipment for the environment.
Special attention shall be paid to the following (if any):
— any damage or contamination;
— all cables and connectors fulfil the requirements of their intended use;
— condition of the mains plug and the mains connectors and conductors;
— defects of the strain relief of the mains supply cord;
— defect of the mains lead cleat;
— condition of anchorage, cable clip, accessible fuse insert;
— damage of the housing and protective cover that may give access to live or dangerous moving
parts;
— signs of overload or overheating or unintended use;
— signs of improper change;
— signs of contamination, corrosion and improper aging;
— contamination, blockage of cooling inlets;
— condition of air filter;
— density of container for water, air, or other medium, condition of pressure control valve;
— usability of switches, control and setup equipment;
— readability of all safety relevant markings or symbols, of the ratings and of the position indicators;
— all fuses accessible from the outside are complying with the data given by the manufacturer (rated
current, characteristics);
— the integrity of mechanical parts;
— assess the relevant accessories together with the equipment (e.g. detachable or fixed power
supply cords tubing);
— defect due to over-bending of cords, cables, hoses and tubing.
NOTE It is appropriate to determine during the visual inspection, if accessible conductive parts, that have to
be tested according to 5.3 to 5.8, are present.
5.3 Measurement of protective bonding resistance
The integrity of the connection between:
— the protective earth terminal of the equipment (where applicable contact on the mains plug) and
— each accessible conductive part intended to be connected to the protective earth. Additional
confirmation is needed for all parts that are visible during repair.
The integrity of those connections shall be confirmed by:
— visually inspecting the entire length of the protective earth path according to 5.2;
— measuring the resistance of each protective terminal; and
NOTE 1 During the measurement the conductor is flexed over the entire length and at the point of entry on the
equipment and the mains plug.
— checking by hand to ensure that the anchorages and the inlets of each connector are properly
fixed.
Test circuits according to Figure 1a or Figure 1b may be used.
For cable lengths up to 5 m and a cross section area up to 1,5 mm , the protective bonding resistance
shall not exceed 0,3 Ω. For each further 7,5 m cable length 0,1 Ω shall be added to the limit up to a
maximum value of 1 Ω.
For cross section areas above 1,5 mm and other cable lengths the limit shall be calculated by the
following formula:
II
R= p+Ω0,1 or R= +Ω0,1
A κA
where
R is the electrical resistance (Ω);
ρ is the standard value of electrical conductivity (m/(Ω mm2) for the metal used for the PE
conductor;
l is the length of the cable in meters (m);
A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor in square millimetres (mm );
κ is the electrical conductivity (m/(Ω mm ).
NOTE 2 The value of 0,1 Ω in the equation above considers the influence of the contact resistance.
It is recommended that care be taken to ensure that the contact resistance between the test probe and
the metal part under test does not influence the test result.
When equipment is permanently connected to the distribution system, an earth reference point on the
fixed installation is required to measure the earth continuity. The protective earth conductor shall not
be disconnected from the installation and protective covers shall not be removed.
NOTE 3 During this measurement parallel earth connections, for example due to the type of installation (water
pipe or data line), can influence the result.
Some equipment may have accessible metal parts which are earthed only for functional or screening
purposes with protection against electric shock being provided by double or reinforced insulation. It is
important that these non-safety earthed metal parts are not subjected to a high current test otherwise
damage may result.
Key for all Figures 1 to 4
G generating measuring supply
PE Protective Earth
L Live
MΩ Ohm meter
N Neutral
U Measured voltage
1 measuring device
2 equipment under test (EUT)
3 fuse or circuit breaker
4 socket
5 N (neutral) or live interrupted
6.1 test point(s), accessible conductive parts, connected to PE
6.2 test point(s), accessible conductive parts, not connected to PE
7 earth potential
8 equipment is isolated from earth
9.1 test probe to protective earth and to accessible protective parts, connected to PE
9.2 test probe to protective earth and to accessible protective parts, not connected to PE
9.3 test probe to live parts
10 possible parallel earth connection
11 double or reinforced insulation
Figure 1a — Example of test circuit for the measurement of protective earth resistance in
equipment that is disconnected from the supply mains
Figure 1b — Example of test circuit for the measurement of protective earth resistance in
equipment, which for functional reasons cannot be disconnected from supply mains, or in
equipment or permanently connected to mains
5.4 Measurement of the insulation resistance
The insulation resistance shall be measured:
— between live parts and each accessible conductive part, including protective earth (except PELV);
— between live parts of a SELV/PELV circuit and live parts of mains supply, if affected by the repair.
Test circuits according to Figure 2a to Figure 2f may be used.
The test circuits and limits in Table 1 shall be used. The EUT shall be disconnected from mains supply.
To include all insulation of all live parts, all switches, controls etc. shall be closed during the
measurement. If necessary, the measurements shall be repeated in all switch positions.
It shall be confirmed that the values of the insulation resistance is not below the limits of Table 1.
Table 1 — Limits (minimum values) for insulation resistance
Test object Limit Figure
Hazardous-live-parts of the mains supply against G
...
SIST EN 50678
S L O V E N S K I
S T A N D A R D julij 2020
Splošni postopek preverjanja učinkovitosti zaščitnih ukrepov za električno
opremo po popravilu
General procedure for verifying the effectiveness of the protective measures of
electrical equipment after repair
Procédure générale visant à vérifier l'efficacité des mesures de protection des
équipements électriques après réparation
Allgemeines Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Wirksamkeitder Schutzmaßnahmen
von Elektrogeräten nach der Reparatur
Referenčna oznaka
ICS 17.220.20 SIST EN 50678:2020 (sl, en)
Nadaljevanje na straneh II in od 1 do 85
2024-06. Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
NACIONALNI UVOD
Standard SIST EN 50678 (sl, en), Splošni postopek preverjanja učinkovitosti zaščitnih ukrepov za
električno opremo po popravilu, 2020, ima status slovenskega standarda in je istoveten evropskemu
standardu EN 50678 (en), General procedure for verifying the effectiveness of the protective measures
of electrical equipment after repair, 2020.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Evropski standard EN 50678:2020 je pripravil tehnični odbor Evropskega komiteja za standardizacijo v
elektrotehniki CLC/TC 85X Merilna oprema za elektromagnetne veličine. Slovenski standard SIST EN
50678:2020 je prevod evropskega standarda EN 50678:2020. V primeru spora glede besedila
slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je odločilen izvirni evropski standard v angleškem jeziku.
Slovensko izdajo standarda je pripravil tehnični odbor SIST/TC MOV Merilna oprema za
elektromagnetne veličine.
Odločitev za privzem tega standarda je 21. maja 2020 sprejel tehnični odbor SIST/TC MOV Merilna
oprema za elektromagnetne veličine.
ZVEZA Z NACIONALNIMI STANDARDI
S privzemom tega evropskega standarda veljajo za omejeni namen referenčnih standardov vsi
standardi, navedeni v izvirniku, razen tistih, ki so že sprejeti v nacionalno standardizacijo:
SIST HD 60364-6 Nizkonapetostne električne inštalacije – 6. del: Preverjanje
SIST EN 61557 (skupina) Električna varnost v nizkonapetostnih razdelilnih sistemih izmenične
napetosti do 1 kV in enosmerne napetosti do 1,5 kV – Oprema za
preskušanje, merjenje ali nadzorovanje zaščitnih ukrepov
SIST EN 13501-6 Požarna klasifikacija gradbenih proizvodov in elementov stavb – 6. del:
Klasifikacija po podatkih iz preskusov odziva na ogenj na električnih,
krmilnih in komunikacijskih kablih
OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO STANDARDA
– privzem standarda EN 50678:2020
OPOMBE
– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz "evropski" standard, v SIST EN 50678:2020
to pomeni "slovenski standard".
– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.
– Ta nacionalni dokument je istoveten EN 50678:2020 in je objavljen z dovoljenjem
CEN-CENELEC
Upravni center
Rue de la Science 23
B-1040 Bruselj
This national document is identical with EN 50678:2020 and is published with the permission of
CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre
Rue de la Science 23
B-1040 Brussels
II
EVROPSKI STANDARD EN 50678
EUROPEAN STANDARD
marec 2020
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 17.220.20
Slovenska izdaja
Splošni postopek preverjanja učinkovitosti zaščitnih ukrepov za
električno opremo po popravilu
General procedure for verifying the Procédure générale visant à vérifier Allgemeines Verfahren zur
effectiveness of the protective l'efficacité des mesures de Überprüfung der Wirksamkeitder
measures of electrical equipment protection des équipements Schutzmaßnahmen von
after repair électriques après réparation Elektrogeräten nach der Reparatur
Ta evropski standard je CENELEC sprejel 13. decembra 2019. Člani CENELEC morajo izpolnjevati
notranje predpise CEN/CENELEC, ki določajo pogoje, pod katerimi dobi ta evropski standard status
nacionalnega standarda brez kakršnihkoli sprememb.
Najnovejši seznami teh nacionalnih standardov in njihovi bibliografski podatki se na zahtevo lahko dobijo
pri Upravnem centru CEN-CENELEC ali kateremkoli članu CENELEC.
Ta evropski standard obstaja v treh uradnih izdajah (angleški, francoski in nemški). Izdaje v drugih
jezikih, ki jih člani CENELEC na lastno odgovornost prevedejo in izdajo ter priglasijo pri Upravnem
centru CEN-CENELEC, imajo enak status kot uradne izdaje.
Člani CENELEC so nacionalni elektrotehniški komiteji Avstrije, Belgije, Bolgarije, Cipra, Češke, Danske,
Estonije, Finske, Francije, Grčije, Hrvaške, Islandije, Irske, Italije, Latvije, Litve, Luksemburga,
Madžarske, Malte, Nemčije, Nizozemske, Norveške, Poljske, Portugalske, Republike Severne
Makedonije, Romunije, Srbije, Slovaške, Slovenije, Španije, Švedske, Švice, Turčije in Združenega
kraljestva.
CENELEC
Evropski komite za standardizacijo v elektrotehniki
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Upravni center CEN-CENELEC: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Bruselj
© 2020 CENELEC Vse pravice do izkoriščanja v kakršnikoli obliki in na Ref. št. EN 50678:2020 E
kakršenkoli način imajo nacionalni člani CENELEC.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
VSEBINA . Stran
Evropski predgovor . 4
Uvod . 6
1 Področje uporabe . 8
2 Zveze s standardi .10
3 Izrazi in definicije .10
4 Zahteve .16
5 Preskusi .16
5.1 Splošno .16
5.1.1 Splošni preskusni pogoji .16
5.1.2 Vizualni pregled .18
5.1.3 Preskus zaščitnih ukrepov proti električnim nevarnostim .18
5.1.4 Potrditev skladnosti dodatnih zaščitnih ukrepov .18
5.1.5 Dokumentacija in ovrednotenje preskusa .18
5.2 Vizualni pregled .20
5.3 Meritev upornosti zaščitne povezave .20
5.4 Meritev izolacijske upornosti .26
5.5 Meritev toka v zaščitnem vodniku .40
5.6 Meritev toka dotika .52
5.7 Potrditev skladnosti specifikacije za zaščito SELV/PELV .60
5.8 Meritev uhajavega toka plavajočega vhoda z naznačeno vhodno napetostjo, višjo od
50 V izmenično ali 120 V enosmerno .60
5.9 Potrditev delovanja dodatnih zaščitnih ukrepov .62
5.10 Potrditev pravilnosti povezav omrežnega vtiča .62
5.11 Funkcionalni preskus .62
6 Dokumentacija in ovrednotenje preskusa .62
7 Preskusna oprema .64
Dodatek A (informativni): Splošni napotki in razlogi .66
A.1 Ciljna skupina .66
A.2 Razlog .68
A.2.1 Točka 5 – Preskusi.68
A.2.2 Podtočka 5.3 – Meritev upornosti zaščitne izenačitve .68
A.2.3 Podtočka 5.4 – Meritev izolacijske upornosti .68
A.2.4 Alternativna metoda .74
A.2.5 Diferencialna metoda .74
Dodatek B (informativni): Sheme za preskusne sekvence .76
Dodatek C (normativni): Zahteve za preskušanje gospodinjskih in podobnih aparatov
po EN 60335 (vsi deli) v skladu z njihovim področjem uporabe .80
Dodatek D (normativni): Posebni nacionalni pogoji .82
Literatura.84
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
CONTENTS . Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references .11
3 Terms and definitions .11
4 Context of the organization .17
5 Tests .17
5.1 General .17
5.1.1 General test conditions .17
5.1.2 Visual inspection .19
5.1.3 Test of the protective measures against electric hazards .19
5.1.4 Confirmation of the compliance of additional protective measures .19
5.1.5 Documentation and evaluation of test .19
5.2 Visual inspection .21
5.3 Measurement of protective bonding resistance .21
5.4 Measurement of the insulation resistance .27
5.5 Measurement of protective conductor current .41
5.6 Measurement of the touch-current .53
5.7 Confirmation of the compliance of the specifications for the protective measure SELV/PELV .61
5.8 Measurement of the leakage current produced by a floating input with a rated input voltage
above 50 V AC or 120 V DC .61
5.9 Confirmation of the operation of further protective measures .63
5.10 Confirmation of the polarity of mains plug wiring .63
5.11 Functional test .63
6 Documentation and evaluation of test .63
7 Test equipment .65
Annex A (informative) General guidance and rationale .67
A.1 Intended audience .67
A.2 Rationale .69
A.2.1 Clause 5 – Tests .69
A.2.2 Subclause 5.3 – Measuring of protective bonding resistance .69
A.2.3 Subclause 5.4 – Measurement of insulation resistance .69
A.2.4 Alternative method .75
A.2.5 Differential method .75
Annex B (informative) Schematics for test sequences .77
Annex C (normative) Requirements for testing household and similar appliances of EN 60335
(all parts) according to their scope .81
Annex D (normative) Special National Conditions .83
Bibliography .85
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
Evropski predgovor
Ta dokument (EN 50678:2020) je pripravil tehnični odbor CLC/TC 85X "Merilna oprema za električne in
elektromagnetne veličine".
Določena sta naslednja datuma:
– zadnji datum, do katerega mora ta dokument dobiti (dop) 2020-12-16
status nacionalnega standarda, bodisi z objavo
istovetnega besedila ali z razglasitvijo
– zadnji datum, do katerega morajo biti razveljavljeni (dow) 2023-12-16
vsi nacionalni standardi, ki niso skladni s tem
dokumentom
Opozoriti je treba na možnost, da bi kateri od elementov tega dokumenta lahko bil predmet patentnih
pravic. CENELEC [in/ali CEN] nista odgovorna za identifikacijo nobene od teh patentnih pravic.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
European foreword
This document (EN 50678:2020) has been prepared by CLC/TC 85X "Measuring equipment for electrical
and electromagnetic quantities".
The following dates are fixed:
– latest date by which this document has to be (dop) 2020-12-16
implemented at national level by publication of an
identical national standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards (dow) 2022-12-16
conflicting with this document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
Uvod
Ta standard je namenjen zagotovitvi splošnega preskusnega postopka za preverjanje učinkovitosti
osnovnih zaščitnih ukrepov za električne porabnike ali aparate po popravilu, s čimer se zagotavlja
varnost ljudi, ki uporabljajo popravljeno opremo.
Ta standard se lahko obravnava kot podpora skladnosti z evropsko Direktivo 2009/104/EU, kar zadeva
minimalne zahteve za zdravje in varnost za opremo, ki jo uporabljajo delavci pri delu.
V splošnem pomeni, da je preskusni postopek za preverjanje proizvodov po popravilu odgovornost
tehničnih odborov za te proizvode. Ta dokument lahko upoštevajo tehnični odbori za proizvode, če
morajo upoštevati spremenjene ali dodatne preskuse za preverjanje po popravilih proizvodov, ki spadajo
v njihovo področje dela.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
Introduction
This standard intends to provide a general test procedure to verify the effectiveness of the basic
protective measures for current-using equipment or appliances after they have been repaired, thus
ensuring the safety of people using repaired equipment.
This standard may be considered to support compliance with the European Directive 2009/104/EU
concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the use of work equipment by workers at
work.
In general, the test procedure for verification of products after repair is the responsibility of the related
product technical committees. This document may be taken into consideration by product technical
committees if they need to take into consideration modified or additional tests for verification after repairs
for products falling within their scope.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
1 Področje uporabe
Ta dokument določa zahteve za postavitev enotnega postopka za preverjanje učinkovitosti zaščitnih
ukrepov pri električnih porabnikih ali gospodinjskih aparatih po njihovem popravilu.
Ta postopek je uporaben za električne porabnike ali gospodinjske aparate z naznačeno napetostjo nad
25 V izmenično in 60 V enosmerno do vključno 1 000 V izmenično in 1 500 V enosmerno in toke do
vključno 63 A, ki so priključeni na končne tokokroge. Lahko je vtična oprema tipa A ali trajno priključena.
Ta dokument ni namenjen za nadomestitev preskusov, ki jih podajajo varnostni standardi ali standardi
za proizvod, na primer za preskuse tipa, kosovne preskuse in prevzemne preskuse.
Ta dokument predpostavlja, da obravnavani električni porabnik ali aparat ustreza pripadajočemu
standardu za proizvod, da je bil dan na trg, bil uporabljen, je odpovedal in je bil popravljen.
Namenjen je preverjanju, da popravila niso ogrozila osnovnih zaščitnih ukrepov, na primer preverjanju
neprekinjenosti zaščitnega vodnika, vzdržne zmogljivosti izolacije ali preverjanju, da ni noben kovinski
del prost ali nepravilno vstavljen v napravo.
Ta dokument ni namenjen za:
1)
– ponovljive preskuse, ki so podani v EN 50699,
– naprave in opremo, ki so del stalnih električnih inštalacij. Preskuse zanje po popravilu obravnava
HD 60364-6,
– avdio- in videoopremo, opremo informacijske in komunikacijske tehnologije,
– neprekinjeno napajanje (UPS),
– polnilne postaje za elektromobilnost,
– napajalnike,
– programirljive logične krmilnike (PLC),
– močnostne pogone,
– naprave za EX-cone ali uporabo v rudnikih v splošnem,
– proizvode, ki jih že zajemajo standardi, ki obravnavajo podobno problematiko, kot so:
– medicinska oprema, ki jo obravnava EN 60601-1. Za te naprave so preskusi za preverjanje po
popravilu zajeti z EN 62353,
– oprema za obločno varjenje, ki jo obravnava EN IEC 60974-1. Za te naprave so preskusi za
preverjanje po popravilu zajeti z EN 60974-4,
– stroji, ki jih obravnava EN 60204-1. Za te naprave se uporablja EN 60204-1.
1)
V pripravi. Stanje v času objave: prEN 50699:2019.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for setting a uniform procedure to verify the effectiveness of the
protective measures for current-using equipment or appliances after they have been repaired.
This procedure is applicable to current-using equipment or appliances with a rated voltage above 25 V
AC and 60 V DC up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC, and currents up to 63 A, connected to final circuits.
They may be either pluggable equipment type A connected or permanently connected.
This document is not intended to replace test covered by safety standards nor product standards, for
example type tests, routine tests and acceptance tests.
This document assumes that the current-using equipment or appliances under consideration complies
with its related product standard, has been introduced on the market, has been in use, has failed, and
has then been repaired.
It intends to verify that operations for repairs have not jeopardized basic protective measures, for
example to verify the continuity of the protective conductor, the withstand capability of the insulation or
to verify that no metallic part is loose or is inadvertently inserted in the device.
This document does not apply to:
– recurrent tests defined in EN 50699;
– devices and equipment that are part of the fixed electrical installations. For these, tests for
verification after repair are covered by HD 60364-6;
– audio/video, information and communication technology equipment;
– uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS);
– charging stations for electro-mobility;
– power supplies;
– programmable Logic Controllers (PLC);
– power Drives;
– devices for EX-zones or for mining applications in general;
– products already covered by standards addressing similar topics such as:
– medical equipment covered by EN 60601-1. For these devices, tests for verification after repair
are covered by EN 62353;
– arc welding equipment covered by EN IEC 60974-1. For these devices, tests for verification
after repair are covered by EN 60974-4.
– machinery covered by EN 60204-1. For these devices, EN 60204-1 applies.
1)
Under preparation. Stage at time of publication: prEN 50699:2019.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
2 Zveze s standardi
Zahteve tega dokumenta sestavljajo, delno ali v celoti, v besedilu navedeni naslednji referenčni
dokumenti. Za datirane sklice velja samo navedena izdaja. Za nedatirane sklice velja zadnja izdaja
referenčnega dokumenta (vključno z vsemi dopolnili).
HD 60364-6 Nizkonapetostne električne inštalacije – 6. del: Preverjanje (IEC 60364-4)
EN 61557 (skupina) Električna varnost v nizkonapetostnih distribucijskih sistemih do 1 000 V
izmenično in 1 500 V enosmerno – Oprema za preskušanje, merjenje ali
nadzorovanje zaščitnih ukrepov (IEC 61557, skupina)
3 Izrazi in definicije
V tem dokumentu se uporabljajo izrazi in definicije v nadaljevanju.
ISO in IEC vzdržujeta terminološko podatkovno bazo za uporabo v standardizaciji na naslednjih
naslovih:
– IEC Electropedia: na voljo je na: http://www.electropedia.org/
– platforma ISO za sprotno brskanje: na voljo je na: http://www.iso.org/obp
OPOMBA: Nekatere definicije se lahko razlikujejo od definicij v standardih za proizvod za preskuse tipa, ker so uporabljeni
različni preskusni postopki.
3.1
električna varnost
zaščita znotraj opreme, ki omejuje učinkovanje električnega toka na uporabnika ali druge posameznike
Opomba 1: Varnost je definirana kot zaščita pred nesprejemljivim tveganjem (sklic na ISO 14971:2007, definicija 2.24).
3.2
preskušanje
vizualni pregled, meritev in preskus električne opreme po popravilu zaradi zagotovitve, da oprema ostaja
varna za uporabo
3.3
popravilo
način za obnovitev namembnosti opreme
3.4
(elektrotehniško) strokovna oseba
oseba z ustrezno izobrazbo in izkušnjami, ki njej ali njemu omogočajo prepoznavati tveganja in izogibati
se nevarnostim, ki jih lahko povzroči elektrika
[VIR: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-04-01]
3.5
električna oprema
posamezen aparat, porabnik električne energije, priključen z vtičem ali trajno na končni tokokrog
distribucijskega sistema
Opomba 1: Oprema vključuje tiste pribore, ki jih je proizvajalec določil kot potrebne za njeno normalno uporabo.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
HD 60364-6, Low-voltage electrical installations — Part 6: Verification (IEC 60364-4)
EN 61557 (series), Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1
500 V DC – Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective
measures (IEC 61557, series)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
– IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
– ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
NOTE Some of the definitions may differ from those in the product standards for type testing, as different test methods
are used.
3.1
electrical safety
protection within an equipment which limits the effects of electrical current on a user or other individuals
Note 1 to entry: Safety is defined as freedom from unacceptable risk (refer to ISO 14971:2007, definition 2.24).
3.2
testing
visual control, measure and prove the electric equipment after repair to assure that equipment remains
safe to use
3.3
repair
means for restoration of the intended function of the equipment
3.4
(electrically) skilled person
person with relevant education and experience to enable him or her to perceive risks and to avoid
hazards which electricity can create
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-04-01]
3.5
electrical equipment
single apparatus using electrical energy and connected by plug or permanently connected to a final
circuit of the distribution system
Note 1 to entry: Equipment includes those accessories as defined by the manufacturer that are necessary to enable the normal
use of the equipment.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
3.6
končni tokokrog (v zgradbah)
električni tokokrog, namenjen za neposredno napajanje električnega porabnika ali vtičnic
[VIR: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-14-03]
3.7
uhajavi tok
tok, ki iz delov opreme pod napetostjo teče v zemljo
[VIR: IEC 60050-442:1998, 442-01-24, spremenjen – spremenjen je izraz in odstranjeno je sklicevanje
na prisotnost izolacijske okvare]
3.8
tok dotika
električni tok, ki steče skozi telo človeka ali živali, ko se dotakne enega ali več dostopnih delov električne
opreme, ki ni priključena na zaščitno ozemljitev
[VIR: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-05-21, spremenjen – definicija se je skrčila na električno opremo, ki ni
priključena na zaščitno ozemljitev]
3.9
tok zaščitnega vodnika
električni tok, ki teče v zaščitnem vodniku in je frekvenčno utežen skladno s karakteristiko človeškega
telesa
[VIR: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-11-21, spremenjen – besedilo definicije je razširjeno]
3.10
preostali tok, residualni tok
vektorska vsota tokov, ki tečejo v vodnikih pod napetostjo omrežnega tokokroga opreme in so
frekvenčno uteženi skladno s karakteristiko človeškega telesa
[VIR: IEC 60050-442:1998, 442-05-19, spremenjen – besedilo definicije je razširjeno]
3.11
izolacijska upornost
upornost v določenih razmerah med dvema prevodnima elementoma, ločenima z izolacijskimi materiali
[VIR: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-15-43]
3.12
upornost zaščitne povezave
upornost med katerimkoli prevodnim delom, ki mora biti zaradi varnostnih razlogov povezan s
priključkom zaščitne ozemljitve, in
– zaščitnim priključkom omrežnega vtiča ali
– zaščitnim priključkom aparatne vtičnice ali
– zaščitnim priključkom, ki je trajno povezan na napajalno omrežje,
upornost med priključkoma zaščitne ozemljitve na vsakem koncu odstranljivega napajalnega kabla,
kabelskih podaljškov in večsistemskih prilagodilnikov
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
3.6
final circuit (of buildings)
electric circuit intended to supply directly electric current to current-using equipment or socket-outlets
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-14-03]
3.7
leakage current
current flowing from live parts of the equipment to earth
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-442:1998, 442-01-24 modified – the term has changed and a reference to the
absence of an insulation fault has been removed]
3.8
touch-current
electric current passing through a human body or through an animal body when it touches one or more
accessible parts of electrical equipment not connected to protective earth
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-05-21 modified – the wording of the definition has been narrowed
to electrical equipment not connected to protective earth]
3.9
protective conductor current
electric current which flows in a protective conductor and is frequency weighted according to the
characteristics of the human body
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-11-21, modified – the wording of the definition has been
expanded.]
3.10
residual current
vectorial sum of the currents flowing in the live conductors of the mains circuit of the equipment and
frequency weighted according to the characteristics of the human body
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-442:1998, 442-05-19 modified – the wording of the definition has been expanded]
3.11
insulation resistance
resistance under specified conditions between two conductive elements separated by insulating
materials
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-15-43]
3.12
protective bonding resistance
resistance between any accessible conductive part, which has to be connected for safety purposes to
the protective earth terminal, and the
– protective terminal of the mains plug, or
– protective terminal of the equipment inlet, or
– protective terminal permanently connected to the supply mains,
resistance between protective earth terminals at each end of a detachable power supply cord, extension
leads and multi-way adapters
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
3.13
SELV
električni sistem, v katerem napetost ne more preseči vrednosti male napetosti:
– v normalnih razmerah in
– v razmerah ene okvare, vključno z zemeljskimi stiki v drugih električnih tokokrogih
Opomba 1: SELV je kratica za varnostno malo napetost.
[VIR: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-31]
3.14
PELV
električni sistem, v katerem napetost ne more preseči vrednosti male napetosti:
– v normalnih razmerah in
– v razmerah ene okvare, razen pri zemeljskih stikih v drugih električnih tokokrogih
OPOMBA: PELV je kratica za zaščitno malo napetost.
[VIR: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-32]
3.15
trajno priključena oprema
oprema, ki se lahko električno priključi v električno omrežje ali izključi iz njega samo z uporabo orodja
3.16
vtična oprema tipa A
oprema, namenjena za priključitev na omrežje z neindustrijskim vtičem in vtičnico ali z neindustrijsko
aparatno vtičnico ali obojim
Opomba 1: Primeri so vtiči in vtičnice, podani v standardih, kot sta npr. IEC/TR 60083 in EN 60320-1.
3.17
električni porabnik
električna oprema, namenjena za pretvarjanje električne energije v drugo obliko energije, npr. v
svetlobno, toplotno, mehansko energijo
[VIR: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-16-02]
3.18
nevarni del pod napetostjo
del pod napetostjo, ki v določenih razmerah lahko povzroči nevaren električni udar
[VIR: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-13]
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
3.13
SELV
electric system in which the voltage cannot exceed the value of extra-low voltage:
– under normal conditions and
– under single fault conditions, including earth faults in other electric circuits
Note 1 to entry: SELV is the abbreviation for safety extra-low voltage.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-31]
3.14
PELV
electric system in which the voltage cannot exceed the value of extra-low voltage:
– under normal conditions and
– under single fault conditions, except earth faults in other electric circuits
Note 1 to entry: PELV is the abbreviation for protective extra-low voltage.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-32]
3.15
permanently connected equipment
equipment that can only be electrically connected to or disconnected from the mains by the use of a
tool
3.16
pluggable equipment type A
equipment that is intended for connection to the mains via a non-industrial plug and socket outlet or
via a non-industrial appliance coupler, or both
Note 1 to entry: Examples are plugs and socket-outlets covered by standards such as IEC/TR 60083 and EN 60320-1.
3.17
current-using equipment
electric equipment intended to convert electric energy into another form of energy, for example light,
heat, mechanical energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-16-02]
3.18
hazardous-live-part
live part which, under certain conditions, can give a harmful electric shock
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-13]
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
4 Zahteve
Preskuse po popravilu sme izvajati samo elektrotehniško strokovna oseba.
Upoštevati je treba dodatne zahteve (npr. mehansko varnost ali požarno zaščito) v skladu z zahtevami
standarda za varnost proizvodov.
Če preskušanje opreme zahteva dodatno znanje ali dodatne preskuse in preskusno opremo, na primer
opremo za mikrovalove, je treba preskuse izvesti v skladu z navodili proizvajalca.
Vse preskuse je treba opraviti tako, da je tveganje za preskusno osebje ali druge posameznike
zmanjšano z ustreznimi zaščitnimi ukrepi.
Če ni določeno drugače, so vse vrednosti za tok in napetost efektivne vrednosti izmenične, enosmerne
ali sestavljene napetosti ali toka.
Uporabne preskuse, kot so našteti v točki 5, je treba uporabiti za ugotavljanje, da:
– ni vidnih okvar z varnostjo povezanih delov, ki so dostopni uporabniku, in
– predvidena uporaba opreme ne ogroža uporabnika ali okolja.
Elektrotehniško strokovna oseba, ki je odgovorna za preskus, se mora odločiti, če so potrebni dodatni
preskusi, da se dosežejo zaščitni ukrepi.
Za opremo, ki je po fiksnem in zaščitenem ožičenju priključena na distribucijski sistem in ni predvidena,
da se med delovanjem drži v roki, se elektrotehniško strokovna oseba lahko odloči, da se preskus izvede
v skladu s tem standardom ali v skladu s HD 60364-6.
Postopek preskusa je treba prekiniti in opremo izključiti iz omrežja ter označiti, kot da je odpovedala, če
se med preskušanjem ugotovi, da:
– je zaradi poškodbe ali nepredvidene uporabe prišlo do znižanja varnostnih nivojev in/ali
– se lahko pri delovanju pojavijo nevarnosti.
5 Preskusi
5.1 Splošno
5.1.1 Splošni preskusni pogoji
Preskusi se lahko izvedejo pri temperaturi okolice, vlagi in atmosferskem tlaku, ki so prisotni na
preskuševališču. Upoštevati je treba obratovalne meje preskusne opreme in preskušane opreme (EUT).
Preskusno opremo je treba preskusiti v skladu s preskusnimi koraki v 5.1.2 do 5.1.5, vse dokler to
omogoča EUT. Zaporedje preskušanja mora biti, kot je določeno v tem standardu.
Glej dodatek B za sheme zaporedja preskušanja.
Vsak posamezen preskus mora biti uspešen pred nadaljevanjem z naslednjim preskusom.
Če nekaterih preskusnih korakov ni mogoče izvesti, mora elektrotehniško strokovna oseba odločiti, ali
se varnost EUT lahko potrdi brez tega preskusnega koraka ali z drugimi sredstvi.
OPOMBA 1: Navodila proizvajalca o preskusih, ki jih je treba izvesti po popravilu, se lahko štejejo za druga sredstva.
Uporabiti je treba vrednosti iz tega standarda, razen če standard za proizvod izrecno ne določa
obratovalnih mejnih vrednosti – v tem primeru je treba uporabiti mejne vrednosti iz standarda za
proizvod.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
4 Requirements
Tests after repair shall only be performed by an electrically skilled person.
Additional requirements (e.g. for the mechanical safety or for fire protection) according to the
requirements from the product safety standard shall be considered.
If testing the equipment requires additional knowledge or additional test and test equipment, for example
equipment for microwaves, tests shall be done according to the instructions of the manufacturer.
All tests shall be performed in such a manner that the risk for testing personnel or other individuals shall
be reduced by appropriate protective measures.
If not otherwise stated, all values for current and voltage are the RMS values of an alternating, direct or
composite voltage or current.
The applicable tests as listed in Clause 5 shall be used to advise that:
– there are no visible faults on safety related parts, which are accessible by the user, and
– by the intended use of the equipment, no hazard for the user or the environment originates.
The electrically skilled person who is responsible for the test shall decide if additional tests are required
to meet the protective measures.
The electrically skilled person may decide that, for equipment that is connected to the distribution system
with fixed and protected wiring and is not intended to be hand-held during operation, the test is carried
out according to this standard and/or according to HD 60364-6.
The test procedure shall be interrupted, and the equipment shall be disconnected from mains and
marked as failed, if it is found that during the test:
– reduced safety levels are present due to damage or from unintended use, and/or
– functional hazards could occur.
5 Tests
5.1 General
5.1.1 General test conditions
The tests may be performed at the ambient temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure present at
the location of testing. The operational limits of the test equipment and the equipment under test (EUT)
shall be considered.
The test equipment shall be tested according to the test steps in 5.1.2 to 5.1.5, as long as it is possible
with the EUT. The sequence of testing shall be as defined in this standard.
For schematics of test sequences, see Annex B.
Each individual test shall be passed before proceeding to the next test.
If it is not possible to perform a certain test step, an electrically skilled person shall decide if the safety
of the EUT can be confirmed without the test step or by other means.
NOTE 1 Manufacturer’s instructions on tests to be performed after repair can be considered as other means.
The values in this standard shall be used unless the product standard specifically provides in-service
limits in which case the product standard limits shall be used.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
OPOMBA 2: Če je druga zunanja oprema priključena na EUT, na primer s podatkovnimi konektorji, takrat veljajo izmerjene
vrednosti za celoten sistem, vključno z zunanjo opremo ali pribori. Če je zunanja oprema izključena iz omrežja,
toda še vedno priključena na EUT, lahko na meritve še vedno vpliva tako, da ni mogoče pravilno obravnavati
varnosti EUT.
Če je očitno, da je preskušana oprema onesnažena s prahom ali vlago, je dopustno, da se očisti in/ali
jo je dovoljeno posušiti pred začetkom preskušanja.
5.1.2 Vizualni pregled
Vizualni pregled je treba izvesti v skladu s 5.2.
5.1.3 Preskus zaščitnih ukrepov proti električnim nevarnostim
Preskus zaščitnih ukrepov proti električnim nevarnostim je treba izvesti v skladu s 5.3 do 5.8.
– Potrditev učinkovitosti zaščitne povezave vseh dostopnih prevodnih delov, ki so zaradi varnostnih
razlogov priključeni na zaščitno ozemljitev, v skladu s 5.3.
– Potrditev učinkovitosti izolacije z meritvijo izolacijske upornosti med deli pod napetostjo in
dostopnimi prevodnimi deli, ki so:
– povezani na zaščitno ozemljitev (primarno za opremo razreda I), v skladu s 5.4,
– zaščiteni z dvojno ali ojačeno izolacijo in niso priključeni na zaščitno ozemljitev (primarno
oprema razreda II in tudi oprema razreda I), v skladu s 5.4,
– zaščiteni s SELV/PELV, v skladu s 5.4.
– Potrditev skladnosti z mejnimi vrednostmi za uhajave tokove z meritvijo:
– toka v zaščitnem vodniku v skladu s 5.5,
– toka dotika dostopnih prevodnih delov, ki niso priključeni na zaščitno ozemljitev, če je
uporabno, v skladu s 5.6.
OPOMBA 1: Meritev uhajavega toka se lahko opusti na podaljških, odstranljivih napajalnih kablih, večsistemskih vtičnicah brez
električnih delov med vodniki pod napetostjo in zaščitno ozemljitvijo.
OPOMBA 2: V splošnem ta standard ne obravnava meritve enosmernih uhajavih tokov.
– Potrditev skladnosti z zahtevami za zaščitni ukrep SELV/PELV z meritvijo izhodne napetosti, če je
izhodna napetost dostopna, v skladu s 5.7.
– Potrditev skladnosti z mejnimi vrednostmi za uhajave toke, ki jih ustvari plavajoči vhod z naznačeno
vhodno napetostjo nad 50 V izmenično ali 120 V enosmerno, v skladu s 5.8.
– Potrditev skladnosti pravilnosti polaritete povezav omrežnega vtiča v skladu s 5.11.
5.1.4 Potrditev skladnosti dodatnih zaščitnih ukrepov
Potrditev skladnosti dodatnih zaščitnih ukrepov mora biti v skladu s 5.9.
5.1.5 Dokumentacija in ovrednotenje preskusa
Dokumentacija in ovrednotenje preskusov morata biti v skladu s točko 6.
SIST EN 50678 : 2020
NOTE 2 If other external equipment is connected to the EUT, for example via data connectors, measured values will be
for th
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