SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52919:2025

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2025
Dodajalna izdelava - Kvalifikacija - Preskusne metode za peščene kalupe pri
ulivanju kovin (ISO/ASTM 52919:2025)
Additive manufacturing - Qualification principles - Test methods for metal casting sand
moulds (ISO/ASTM 52919:2025)
Additive Fertigung - Grundsätze der Qualifizierung - Prüfverfahren für Sandformen für
den Metallguss (ISO/ASTM 52919:2025)
Fabrication additive - Principes de qualification - Méthode d'essai pour les moules en
sable pour fonderie métallique (ISO/ASTM 52919:2025)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO/ASTM 52919:2025
ICS:
25.030 3D-tiskanje Additive manufacturing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 52919
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2025
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.030
English Version
Additive manufacturing - Qualification principles - Test
methods for metal casting sand moulds (ISO/ASTM
52919:2025)
Fabrication additive - Principes de qualification - Additive Fertigung - Grundsätze der Qualifizierung -
Méthode d'essai pour les moules en sable pour Prüfverfahren für Sandformen für den Metallguss
fonderie métallique (ISO/ASTM 52919:2025) (ISO/ASTM 52919:2025)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 September 2025.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 52919:2025 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO/ASTM 52919:2025) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261
"Additive manufacturing” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 438 “Additive
Manufacturing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2026, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2026.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/ASTM 52919:2025 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO/ASTM 52919:2025 without
any modification.
International
Standard
ISO/ASTM 52919
First edition
Additive manufacturing —
2025-09
Qualification principles — Test
methods for metal casting sand
moulds
Fabrication additive — Principes de qualification — Méthode
d'essai pour les moules en sable pour fonderie métallique
Reference number
ISO/ASTM 52919:2025(en) © ISO/ASTM International 2025

ISO/ASTM 52919:2025(en)
© ISO/ASTM International 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
© ISO/ASTM International 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/ASTM 52919:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Standard practice for sampling specimens of AM-made sand moulds . 1
4.1 Factors causing uneven properties in an AM-made sand mould .1
4.2 Sampling specimens of an AM-made sand mould .2
5 Test methods applicable to evaluating an AM-made sand mould . 2
5.1 General .2
5.2 Requirements for sampling test specimens of an AM-made sand mould .2
5.3 Applicable test methods .3
5.3.1 General .3
5.3.2 Tensile strength test .3
5.3.3 Bending/transverse strength test .4
5.3.4 Gas permeability test .4
5.3.5 Thermal expansion test .4
6 Documentation . 5
6.1 General .5
6.2 Purchasing an AM-made sand mould .5
6.3 Verifying AM machine performance .5
Annex A (normative) Identifier and orientation index of a specimen . 7
Annex B (informative) Example of sampling test specimens and reporting table . 8
Bibliography .13

© ISO/ASTM International 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
ISO/ASTM 52919:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, in cooperation
with ASTM Committee F42, Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a partnership agreement
between ISO and ASTM International with the aim to create a common set of ISO/ASTM standards on
additive manufacturing, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical
Committee CEN/TC 438, Additive manufacturing, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

© ISO/ASTM International 2025 – All rights reserved
iv
ISO/ASTM 52919:2025(en)
Introduction
Additive manufacturing (AM) technology, which enables a part with a complex shape to be made without a
master mould, has been applied to fabricate advanced sand moulds for metal casting. AM-made sand moulds
have advantages in that it is possible to make cast parts not only with more precise dimensions, but also
with thinner and complex shapes; therefore, application fields in the foundry industry are expanding.
The difference between sand moulds and general mechanical/structural parts is that sand moulds are
never used as final products. In other words, a sand mould is crushed after each casting process when its
role ends. Therefore, sand moulds do not require long-term-stable properties, but specific properties for
the casting process, such as having stiffness with a good balance between sufficient mechanical strength
and crushability, as well as gas permeability and physical thermal properties for a hot environment. The
test methods and dimensions of specimens are standardized in existing documents for conventionally made
sand moulds, and they are applicable to AM-made sand moulds. However, these standards do not cover all
aspects of sand moulds made by AM, where uneven properties due to location in a build space and variations
in process conditions between build cycles, as well as anisotropy due to a layer-by-layer process also can
have a significant effect of the properties of the sand mould.
This document provides practices for sampling specimens of AM-made sand moulds, for application in
parallel with existing test methods for the mechanical and physical properties of a metal casting sand mould
made in a conventional way. In this document existing standards for testing tensile strength, transverse
strength, gas permeability and thermal expansion are cited in terms of applicability to test pieces extracted
from sand moulds made with AM. In addition, examples of test reports for two typical applications, where
this document can be applied, are presented. One is for purchasing AM-made sand moulds and the other is
for verifying the performance of an AM machine for sand moulds.

© ISO/ASTM International 2025 – All rights reserved
v
International Standard ISO/ASTM 52919:2025(en)
Additive manufacturing — Qualification principles — Test
methods for metal casting sand moulds
1 Scope
This document specifies test methods for metal casting sand moulds produced using additive manufacturing
technologies, with mechanical and physical properties including, but not limited to, tensile strength,
transverse strength, gas permeability and thermal expansion.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their contents constitute
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 17295, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Part positioning, coordinates and orientation
ISO/ASTM 52900, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO/ASTM 52901, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Requirements for purchased AM parts
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/ASTM 52900 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Standard practice for sampling specimens of AM-made sand moulds
4.1 Factors causing uneven properties in an AM-made sand mould
An AM machine for sand mould controls joining/curing position and process, based on 3D model data and
process parameters to build qualified sand mould parts stably. However, due to machine positioning error,
joining condition errors, e.g. laser power or binder volume fluctuations, and variations in the environment,
e.g. temperature and humidity, the parts built can have dimensional errors, and properties change depending
on location in the build space during the build cycle. Moreover, even when the same 3D model data, feedstock
and process parameters are applied, the parts built can have different properties in different build cycles
and manufacturing lots, during production over a long period. A conventionally made sand mould is usually
made using binder-premixed sand with an embedded master mould made of a material such as wood, resin,
or metal; then, the entire sand mould is cured uniformly. In contrast, sand moulds made by AM are formed
by incrementally joining or curing the sand particles, mostly commonly using a BJT or a PBF process, and
this can cause non-conformities at different locations in a build space and anisotropy due to a layer-by-layer
joining/curing process.
Hence, major factors requiring attention when monitoring production quality control for AM-made sand
mould are:
— location in a build space;
© ISO/ASTM International 2025 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52919:2025(en)
— anisotropy caused by a layer-by-layer process;
— variances among manufacturing lots, production runs or build cycles.
4.2 Sampling specimens of an AM-made sand mould
In the set-up for a build cycle, it would normally be most desirable to locate and orient the parts for
optimized productivity. Ideally, every part would have the same properties regardless of the location and
the orientation, however this may not always be the case. To evaluate the range of variations within the
build space, test specimens shall be sampled across different locations and multiple orientations in the same
build cycle, and the properties shall be confirmed to be within acceptable values.
A qualified AM machine system produces parts under a properly controlled environment, by applying
optimal process parameters, as well as using quality-controlled feedstock. Ideally, every part would have
the same properties regardless of the build cycle, however this may not always be the case. To evaluate the
range of variations among build cycles, test specimens shall be sampled from each build cycle where possible
with the same location and orientation, and the properties shall be confirmed to be within acceptable values.
5 Test methods applicable to evaluating an AM-made sand mould
5.1 General
In metal casting processes, a sand mould has the role of holding a flowing high-temperature molten metal in
a cavity. The liquid metal held in the cavity is cooled and solidified; then, the shape of the cavity is transferred
as a solid metal. Generally, the functions required of sand moulds are sufficient strength not to be broken
in the casting process from pouring liquid metal until the metal has solidified, moderate crushability so
that they can be removed after solidifying, and appropriate gas permeability to prevent voids caused by gas
generated from the heated sand mould.
There are several existing test methods for assessing those properties of a sand mould. However, sand
moulds are often manufactured in-house by the foundries themselves and used on-site, and, even in case
they are ordered and purchased, the quality of sand moulds is just guaranteed by applying local agreements
of an industrial society or between companies. Therefore, there are no standard international or intersociety
unified test methods for assessing a sand mould, and test methods vary depending on measurement
principles and dimensions of a test piece.
In the context of metal casting processes, a test specimen of a conventional sand mould is fabricated utilizing
the same binder-premixed sand composition as that employed in the practical sand mould for production.
However, this specimen is fabricat
...