SIST EN 15997:2012
(Main)All terrain vehicles - Safety requirements and test methods
All terrain vehicles - Safety requirements and test methods
This European Standard applies to “All Terrain Vehicles” or “ATVs” as defined in Clause 3 using liquid fuels (e.g. petrol, diesel). This European Standard does not deal with requirements relating to use on public roads ).
This European Standard is not dealing with:
ATVs exclusively intended for competition );
agricultural and forestry tractors coming under the Directive 2003/37/EC;
accessories for additional functions (towing hook and load carrying provisions remaining within the vertical projection onto the ground of the vehicle without these load carrying provisions are not considered as accessories);
the additional hazards due to the use of the ATV on public roads;
the additional hazards due to the use of remote control.
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to ATVs, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). It deals with the significant hazards during the whole lifecycle of the product as defined in 5.3 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003.
This European Standard is not applicable to ATVs which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.
NOTE For the purpose of this document, any reference to the vehicle should be regarded as a reference as a machine.
All Terrain Vehicles (ATVs - quads) - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für "geländegängige Fahrzeuge" oder "ATV" (en: all terrain vehicles) entspre-chend der Definition in Abschnitt 3, die mit Flüssigkraftstoffen (z. B. Benzin, Diesel) betrieben werden. Diese Europäische Norm enthält keine Anforderungen für die Verwendung auf öffentlichen Straßen ).
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für:
- ATV, die ausschließlich für den Rennbetrieb vorgesehen sind );
- landwirtschaftliche und forstwirtschaftliche Traktoren, die der Richtlinie 2003/37/EG unterliegen;
- Zubehör für Zusatzfunktionen (Zughaken und Gepäckträger innerhalb der senkrechten Projektion des Fahrzeugunterbodens; Gepäckträger außerhalb dieses Bereiches werden nicht als Zubehör angesehen);
- die zusätzlichen Gefährdungen aufgrund der Verwendung des ATV auf öffentlichen Straßen;
- die zusätzlichen Gefährdungen aufgrund der Verwendung der Fernbedienung.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefahrsituationen und Gefährdungser-eignisse in Verbindung mit ATV bei bestimmungsgemäßem Gebrauch und bei Missbrauchsbedingungen, die der Hersteller unter realistischen Bedingungen vorhersehen kann (siehe Abschnitt 4). Sie behandelt signifikante Gefährdungen während der gesamten Lebensdauer des Produktes nach EN ISO 12100-1:2003, 5.3.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für ATV, die vor dem Datum ihrer Veröffentlichung als EN hergestellt wurden.
ANMERKUNG Für die Anwendung dieses Dokuments sollte jede Bezugnahme auf das Fahrzeug als Bezugnahme auf eine Maschine angesehen werden.
Véhicules tout terrain (VTT - quads) - Exigences et méthodes d'essai
La présente Norme européenne s'applique à tous les véhicules tout terrain ou ATV qui sont définis dans l'Article 3 et qui sont propulsés par des moteurs à combustion interne utilisant des combustibles liquides (essence, diesel,…) et qui ne sont pas destinés à être utilisés sur des voies publiques 1).
La présente Norme européenne ne concerne pas :
- les ATV exclusivement destinés à la compétition 2),
- les tracteurs agricoles et forestiers qui s'inscrivent dans la Directive 2003/37/CE,
- les accessoires destinés à des fonctions supplémentaires (les crochets de remorquage et les dispositifs nécessaires pour un transport de charges restant à la projection verticale par rapport au sol du véhicule ne sont pas considérés comme des accessoires),
- les phénomènes dangereux supplémentaires dus à l'utilisation des ATV sur des voies publiques,
- les phénomènes dangereux supplémentaires dus à l'utilisation d'une commande à distance.
La présente Norme européenne traite la totalité des phénomènes dangereux, des situations dangereuses et des événements dangereux importants concernant les ATV, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés comme prévu et dans des conditions de mauvaise utilisation qui sont raisonnablement prévisibles par le constructeur (voir Article 4). Elle traite des phénomènes dangereux importants durant toute la durée de vie du produit qui sont définis en 5.3 de l’EN ISO 12100-1:2003.
La présente Norme européenne n'est pas applicable aux ATV qui sont fabriqués avant la date de publication de la présente Norme.
Štirikolesniki (ATV - quad) - Varnostne zahteve in preskusne metode
Ta evropski standard se uporablja za štirikolesnike (ATV – quad), kot so opredeljeni v točki 3, ki jih poganjajo motorji z notranjim izgorevanjem na tekoča goriva (bencin, dizelsko gorivo) in niso namenjeni za uporabo na javnih cestah. Ta evropski standard ne opisuje:
– štirikolesnikov, namenjenih za tekmovanja;
– kmetijskih in gozdarskih traktorjev iz direktive 2003/37/ES;
– pripomočkov za dodatne funkcije (vlečna kljuka in nosilne naprave, ki so nameščene vodoravno s tlemi, na katerih stoji vozilo, niso pripomočki);
– dodatnih tveganj zaradi uporabe štirikolesnika na javnih cestah;
– dodatnih tveganj zaradi uporabe daljinskega krmiljenja.
Ta evropski standard opisuje vsa večja tveganja, nevarne situacije in nevarne dogodke v zvezi s štirikolesniki, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z njihovim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec (glejte točko 4). Opisuje večja tveganja v celotnem življenjskem ciklu izdelka iz točke 5.3 standarda EN ISO 12100–1 2003.
Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za štirikolesnike, ki so bili izdelani, preden je bil objavljen kot standard EN.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Štirikolesniki (ATV - quad) - Varnostne zahteve in preskusne metodeAll Terrain Vehicles (ATVs - quads) - Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenVéhicules tout terrain (VTT - quads) - Exigences et méthodes d'essaiAll terrain vehicles - Safety requirements and test methods43.140Motorna kolesa in mopediMotor cycles and mopedsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15997:2011SIST EN 15997:2012en01-februar-2012SIST EN 15997:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15997
November 2011 ICS 43.140 English Version
All terrain vehicles (ATVs - Quads) - Safety requirements and test methods
Véhicules tout terrain (ATV - Quads) - Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d'essai
Geländegängige Fahrzeuge (ATV - Quads) - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 October 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15997:2011: ESIST EN 15997:2012
Examples of All Terrain Vehicles (ATVs - Quads) . 35Annex B (normative)
Service brake performance . 37B.1Measuring maximum speed . 37B.2Measuring service brake performance . 37Annex C (normative)
Parking brake/Mechanism performance . 39C.1Test Conditions . 39C.2Test Procedure . 39Annex D (normative)
Handlebar . 40Annex E (normative)
Rider foot environment . 41E.1Test probe . 41E.2Type 1 ATV Test procedure . 41E.3ATV Type 2 test procedure . 42Annex F (normative)
Longitudinal stability . 43F.1Test conditions . 43F.2Test procedure . 43Annex G (normative)
Hot surfaces . 45G.1Identification of contact zones . 45G.2Temperature measurement procedure . 50Annex H (normative)
Noise test code . 52H.1General . 52H.2Operating and mounting conditions . 52H.3Noise measurements . 52H.4Test environment . 53H.5Determination of A-weighted emission sound pressure level at rider's ear . 53H.6Determining if further measurements are necessary . 54H.7Determining the A-weighted sound pressure levels over a surface enveloping the vehicle . 54H.8Determining the A-weighted sound power level from the A-weighted sound pressure levels over the measurement surface . 56H.9Information to be recorded . 57H.10Information to be reported. 58H.11Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 58Annex I (informative)
Vibration test code . 59I.1Background . 59I.2Coupling the hand and body to the vibration source . 60I.3Positioning and operating the vehicle during the test . 61I.4Parameters to be measured . 61I.5Determination of the vibration levels . 61I.6Information to be recorded . 61I.7Information to be reported. 62Annex J (informative)
Pre-delivery form . 63J.1General . 63J.2Dealer's declaration. 63J.3Purchaser’s declaration . 64J.4ATV pre-delivery certificate . 64Annex K (informative)
Examples of warnings, pictograms and combinations that may be used . 66Annex L (normative)
Evaluation sheet before letting a person use the ATV . 69SIST EN 15997:2012
Instructions for tyres to be included in the instructions handbook . 70M.1General . 70M.2Instructions on use . 70M.3Tyre and wheel maintenance . 70M.4Tyre replacement . 70M.5Tyre ageing . 70Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 71Bibliography . 72 SIST EN 15997:2012
1) In general vehicles intended for use on public roads have to fulfil specific requirements and require official “type-approval”. 2) The main criterion to be applied to judge whether vehicles are to be considered as exclusively intended for competition is whether they are designed according to the technical specifications laid down by one of the officially recognised racing associations. SIST EN 15997:2012
ATV Type I of appropriate size intended for recreational use under adult supervision by a rider under age 16 and further categorized as follows: SIST EN 15997:2012
ATV Type II category G (General Use Model) ATV Type II intended for recreational and/or utility use by a rider age 16 or older with provision for one passenger 3.2 brake lever or handle hand-operated control which, when activated, causes the brake(s) to be applied 3.3 brake pedal foot-operated control which, when activated, causes the brake(s) to be applied 3.4 clutch lever manual control that engages and disengages the clutch manually 3.5 rider person who is operating the machine 3.6 gearshift control control for selecting among a number of sets of transmission gears 3.7 handlebar device used for steering and rider support and as a place to mount hand-operated controls 3.8 manual fuel shutoff control manual device designed to turn the fuel flow from the fuel tank on and off SIST EN 15997:2012
3.21 mechanical suspension system which permits vertical motion of an ATV wheel to the chassis and provides spring and damping forces SIST EN 15997:2012
structure, such as footpegs and footboards, supporting the rider's and/or passenger’s feet 3.32 handlebar crossbar rigid member attached to and connecting the left and right sides of the handlebar 3.33 ignition system system in an spark-ignited internal combustion engine that ignites the mixture by producing a spark SIST EN 15997:2012
4.1.1 Acceleration deceleration Quick acceleration or deceleration of the ATV may lead to loss of control by the rider and the rider being ejected from the machine Being thrown 5.2.1, 5.2.2 4.1.2 Approach of a moving element to a fixed part
Hands or parts thereof may be trapped between steering handle and tank Crushing 5.2.3 Wheels or other parts of the transmission could trap hands or feet Cutting/crushing/drawing in 5.2.4
Feet being trapped under rotating wheels is one of the major hazards on ATVS Entanglement/drawing in 5.2.4, 5.2.6 4.1.3 Mobility Unless ATVs are fitted with adequate steering, suspension, seating and transmission controls, the rider will not have full control over the vehicle Being thrown 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.2.10, 5.2.11, 5.2.12, 5.2.13 5.2.14 4.1.4 Rotating elements
Feet being trapped under rotating wheels is one of the major hazards on ATVs Cutting/crushing/drawing in 5.2.4
Entanglement/drawing in 5.2.4, 5.2.6 4.1.5 Rough slippery surface Slipping and falling 5.2.15, 5.2.16 4.1.6 Sharp edges
Sharp parts on the handlebar could cut the user when he operates the machine Cutting or severing (handlebar) 5.2.5
Cutting or severing (other parts)
4.1.7 Stability Stability is compromised when tyres are underinflated (tyres separating from rims) or overinflated (may not adapt to the terrain) Being thrown, crushing 5.2.18 4.2 Electrical hazards
4.2.1 Arc Risk of direct/indirect electric contact Electric shock 5.3.1, 5.3.3 4.2.2 Live parts Contact with high tension parts (ignition system) may lead to shocks Shock 5.3.1
4.3.1 Flame Leaking fuel could catch fire when ignition sources are present Burn
5.2.7.2 4.3.2 Objects or materials with a high or low temperature It is possible that hot parts lead to burns when the user accidentally touches them Users may come into contact during the use of the machine Burn
5.4
getting on and off the machine
4.4 Noise
Exhausting system The machine may create excessive noise due to the loss or the damage of the intake system or of the exhaust system. Discomfort, permanent hearing loss, risk of accidents due to non-perception of signals, physiological disorders. 5.5 4.5 Vibration hazards
Exhausting system The machine could create excessive vibration due to engine and transmission suspension etc., leading to damage to the machine and health risks for the user Discomfort, Neurological disorder 5.6 4.6 Material/substance hazards
4.6.1 Dust/fibre Health risks Breathing/cancer 5.7 4.6.2 Explosive/Combustible Leaking fuel could catch fire when ignition sources are present Explosion/fire 5.2.7.1, 5.2.7.2 4.6.3 Fumes Leaks in the exhaust system may lead to locally increased concentration of noxious substances Suffocation/Intoxication 5.7 SIST EN 15997:2012
4.7.1 Design and location of indicators The machine could start reversing without the rider being aware of it The user could assume that gearbox is in neutral when a gear is still engaged. The machine will in such case start moving suddenly Fatigue, other hazards caused by error 5.2.11 5.2.12 4.7.2 Design and location of indicators The user could be confused and could operate controls in a wrong way Fatigue, other hazards caused by error 5.8
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 (all parts) for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this document. 5.2 Mechanical hazards 5.2.1 Throttle control All ATVs shall be equipped with a means of controlling engine power in a progressive way through a throttle control. The throttle control shall be located on the right-hand side of the handlebar and shall be operable without removing the hand from the handlebar. The throttle control shall be self-closing to an idle position once the rider's hand releases the control. 5.2.2 Braking devices
5.2.2.1 General requirements All vehicles shall be equipped with two service braking devices, with independent controls and transmissions, one acting at least on the front wheels and the other at least on the rear wheels. The two service braking devices may have a common braking action provided that a failure in one braking device shall not affect the performance of the other. The rider controls for the two braking devices shall be operated either by hand on the handlebar or by the right foot. All ATVs shall have a parking brake or parking mechanism capable of holding the ATV stationary under the conditions prescribed in 5.2.3 without sustained action, the working parts being held in the locked position by purely mechanical device. SIST EN 15997:2012
5.2.2.2.3 Simultaneously-operated front and rear brakes Simultaneously-operated front and rear brakes shall be operated by either a pedal which is located near the right footrest and operable by using the right foot, or if no clutch lever, by a lever located on the left side of the handlebar and operable without removing the hand from the handlebar, or by both. 5.2.2.2.4 Performance requirements for ATVs with a maximum speed capacity below 30 km/h When tested in accordance with Annex B (Service brake performance), all ATVs with a maximum speed capability of less than 30 km/h shall be capable of stopping in a distance that complies with the relationship: VS×≤467,11 (1) where S is the brake stopping distance, expressed in metres (m); V is the braking test speed, expressed in metres per second (m/s). 5.2.2.2.5 Performance requirements for ATVs with a maximum speed capacity greater than or equal to 30 km/h When tested in accordance with Annex B (Service brake performance), all ATVs with a maximum speed capability greater than or equal to 30 km/h shall be capable of a braking deceleration greater than or equal to 5,88 m/s2 (0,6 g). Average braking deceleration shall be determined using the following formula: SVa22= (2) where a is the average deceleration, expressed in metres per second squared (m/s²); V is the braking test speed, expressed in metres per second (m/s); S is the brake stopping distance, expressed in metres (m). SIST EN 15997:2012
5.2.5 Sharp edges 5.2.5.1 Handlebar The handlebar shall be of sufficient strength to resist the load applied during normal operation without excessive deflection or permanent deformation. In the event of overload, the handlebar shall be designed so that it shows no brittle failure, leading to sharp edges and (or) injury. The ends of handlebars forming the gripping surface shall be of appropriate length and diameter for the category of rider for which the ATV has been designed and shall be covered with soft rubber or plastic having a hardness of less than 65 Shore A at an ambient temperature of (20 ± 5) ºC. The ends of handlebars shall not be open-ended tubes. Handgrips shall be fixed in a mechanically positive way or resist a removal force of 70 N when tested in accordance with Annex D (handlebar). SIST EN 15997:2012
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