SIST EN 13478:2002

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2002
9DUQRVWVWURMHY3UHSUHþHYDQMHSRåDUDLQYDURYDQMHSUHGQMLP
Safety of machinery - Fire prevention and protection
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Brandschutz
Sécurité des machines - Prévention et protection contre l'incendie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13478:2001
ICS:
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
13.220.01 Varstvo pred požarom na Protection against fire in
splošno general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13478
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2001
ICS 13.110; 13.220.01
English version
Safety of machinery - Fire prevention and protection
Sécurité des machines - Prévention et protection contre Sicherheit von Maschinen - Brandschutz
l'incendie
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 October 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13478:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
page
Foreword.2
Introduction .4
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions.6
4 Requirements for hazard identification .9
4.1 General.9
4.2 Combustible materials .10
4.3 Oxidizers.10
4.4 Ignition sources .10
5 Requirements for risk assessment .10
5.1 General.10
5.2 Risk analysis .11
5.3 Risk evaluation.12
5.4 Risk reduction .12
6 Requirements for technical fire prevention and protection measures for machinery .12
6.1 General.12
6.2 Design/engineering measures.12
6.3 Use of integrated fire detection and fire fighting systems .13
6.4 Additional measures.13
6.5 Information for use .13
7 Requirements for the selection and design of technical fire prevention and protection
measures .14
7.1 Procedure .14
7.2 Decisions on technical fire prevention and protection measures.16
7.3 Selection of integrated fire detection and fire fighting systems in relation to the expected harm.16
7.3.1 General.16
7.3.2 Injury to persons.16
7.3.3 Damage to property/environment .16
7.4 Safety considerations.19
7.5 System parts.19
7.6 Fire extinguishing agents .19
8 Operating conditions.20
Annex A (informative) Examples of ignition sources .21
Annex B (informative) Example for the design of an extinguishing system integrated in machinery.23
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other
provisions of EU Directives. .24
Bibliography .25
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 "Safety of machinery", the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by June 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by
June 2002.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard.
In this standard the annexes A and B are informative.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
The safety of machinery against fire involves fire prevention and protection and fire-fighting. In general, these
include technical (Figure 1, column 1), structural (Figure 1, column 2), organizational (Figure 1, column 3), works
(Figure 1, column 4) and public fire fighting (Figure 1, column 5) measures. Effective fire safety of machinery can
require the implementation of a single measure or a combination of measures.
CEN and CENELEC are producing a set of standards to assist designers, manufacturers and other interested
bodies to interpret the essential safety requirements in order to achieve conformity with European Legislation.
Within this series of standards CEN has undertaken to draw up a standard to give guidance in the field of fire
prevention and protection, as hazards from fire are to be considered in accordance with 4.8 of EN 292-1:1991.
This European Standard was drawn up on request and by mandate of CEC and EFTA to fulfil the Council Directive
on the approximation of the laws of the member states relating to machinery (98/37/EC) which demands in its
Annex I, 1.5.6 that machinery shall be so designed and constructed to avoid any risk of fire.
In accordance with EN 292-1 it is a type B standard.
CEN/TC 114 has a mandate in this area to produce A-type and B-type standards, which will allow verification of
conformity with the essential safety requirements.
Fire risk reduction measures
Fire prevention and protection Fire fighting
1 3 4 5
Technical measures Organizational Works Public
Structural features
for machinery measures fire fighting fire fighting
of buildings
construction
design/engineering
materials and
measures
fire brigade
fire prevention and
trained personnel
components
protection regulation
integrated fire fighting
fire sections
and fire detection
complex separation alarm plans fire extinguishing
works fire brigade
systems
agent
fire extinguishing
pre-fire alarm
predetermined fire
distance between
agent
etc.
systems
plan
buildings
fire alarm systems
fire safety
escape routes
etc.
advisor
manually released
approach ramps
extinguishing
etc.
and set up areas for
equipment and
fire brigades
systems
fire water supply and
automatically released
containmentmeasures
extinguishing systems
smoke and
heat control
system
additional measures
smoke and heat
information for use
protection installations
Figure 1 — Fire risk reduction measures
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies methods of identification of the fire hazard resulting from machinery and the
performance of a corresponding risk assessment. It specifies the basic concepts and methodology of technical
measures for fire prevention and protection to be taken during the design and construction of machinery. The
purpose of this European Standard is to reach the required safety level according to the intended use of the
machinery by applying technical measures for machinery (see Figure 1, column 1). Technical measures are mainly
integrated in the machinery and they are preferably implemented by use of safety components as defined in
Directive 98/37/EC.
This European Standard is applicable to the machinery given in the Council Directive of 22 June 1998 on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to machinery (98/37/EC). The exclusions given in this
Directive are also relevant to this European Standard.
This European Standard does not cover machinery designed to contain controlled combustion processes (e.g.
internal combustion engines, furnaces), unless these processes may constitute the ignition source of a fire in other
parts of the machinery or outside of this.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology,
methodology.
EN 292-2, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles and
specifications.
EN 1050, Safety of machinery — Risk assessment.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
combustibility
property of a material capable of burning
NOTE Accurate assessment of the combustibility characteristics of a material will depend on the operational conditions of
the machinery and the form of the material (e.g. shavings, dusts).
3.2
combustible
capable of burning with or without flame
[ISO/IEC Guide 52]
3.3
combustion
exothermic reaction of a substance with an oxidizer, generally accompanied by flames and/or glowing and/or
emission of smoke
[ISO/IEC Guide 52]
3.4
damaging fire
fire which causes harm to people, buildings, machinery and/or environment
3.5
fire extinguishing agent
agent which is appropriate to extinguish fire
3.6
fire protection
measure
...