SIST IEC 61786-2:2017
(Main)Measurement of DC magnetic, AC magnetic and AC electric fields from 1 Hz to 100 kHz with regard to exposure of human beings - Part 2: Basic standard for measurements
Measurement of DC magnetic, AC magnetic and AC electric fields from 1 Hz to 100 kHz with regard to exposure of human beings - Part 2: Basic standard for measurements
IEC 61786-2:2014 provides requirements for the measurement of quasi-static magnetic and electric fields that have a frequency content in the range 1 Hz to 100 kHz, and DC magnetic fields, to evaluate the exposure levels of the human body to these fields. Specifically, this standard gives requirements for establishing measurement procedures that achieve defined goals pertaining to human exposure. Because of differences in the characteristics of the fields from sources in the various environments, e.g. frequency content, temporal and spatial variations, polarization, and magnitude, and differences in the goals of the measurements, the specific measurement procedures will be different in the various environments. Sources of fields include devices that operate at power frequencies and produce power frequency and power-frequency harmonic fields, as well as devices that produce fields independent of the power frequency, and DC power transmission, and the geomagnetic field. The magnitude ranges covered by this standard are 0,1 micro-Tesla to 200 mili-Tesla for AC (1 micro-Tesla to 10 Tesla for DC) for magnetic fields, and 1 V/m to 50 kV/m for electric fields. When measurements outside this range are performed, most of the provisions of this standard will still apply, but special attention should be paid to the specified uncertainty and calibration procedures. Examples of sources of fields that can be measured with this standard include:
- devices that operate at power frequencies (50/60 Hz) and produce power frequency and power-frequency harmonic fields (examples: power lines, electric appliances...);
- devices that produce fields that are independent of the power frequency.(Examples: electric railway (DC to 20 kHz);
- commercial aeroplanes (400 Hz), induction heaters (up to 100 kHz), and electric vehicles);
- and devices that produces static magnetic fields: MRI, DC power lines, DC welding, electrolysis, magnets, electric furnaces, etc. DC currents are often generated by converters, which also create AC components (power frequency harmonics), which should be assessed. When EMF products standards are available, these products standards should be used. With regard to electric field measurements, this standard considers only the measurement of the unperturbed electric field strength at a point in space (i.e. the electric field prior to the introduction of the field meter and operator) or on conducting surfaces. Sources of uncertainty during measurements are also identified and guidance is provided on how they should be combined to determine total measurement uncertainty.
Mesure de champs magnétiques continus et de champs magnétiques et électriques alternatifs dans la plage de fréquences de 1 Hz à 100 kHz dans leur rapport à l'exposition humaine - Partie 2: Norme de base pour les mesures
L'IEC 61786-2:2014 fournit des exigences pour la mesure des valeurs des champs magnétiques et électriques quasi-statiques avec un contenu fréquentiel compris entre 1 Hz et 100 kHz ainsi que des champs magnétiques continus, permettant d'évaluer les niveaux d'exposition du corps humain à ces champs. De manière spécifique, la présente norme donne les exigences relatives à la mise en place de procédures de mesure permettant d'atteindre les objectifs définis quant à l'exposition humaine. Compte tenu des différences de caractéristiques des champs par rapport aux sources dans les divers environnements (contenu fréquentiel, variations temporelles et spatiales, polarisation et amplitude, par exemple) et des différences d'objectifs des mesures, les procédures de mesure spécifiques sont différentes selon les environnements. Parmi les sources de champs figurent des dispositifs qui fonctionnent aux fréquences industrielles et qui produisent des champs à ces fréquences et aux fréquences harmoniques, ainsi que des dispositifs produisant des champs indépendants de la fréquence industrielle, la transmission d'énergie en courant continu, et le champ magnétique statique terrestre. Les plages d'amplitudes couvertes par la présente norme vont respectivement de 0,1 micro-Tesla à 200 mili-Tesla en alternatif (1 micro-Tesla à 10 Tesla en continu) pour les champs magnétiques et de 1 V/m à 50 kV/m pour les champs électriques. Si des mesures hors de cette plage sont réalisées, la plupart des dispositions de la présente norme s'appliquent toujours, mais il convient de veiller particulièrement à l'incertitude spécifiée et aux procédures d'étalonnage. Par exemple, les sources de champs qui peuvent être mesurées avec la présente norme sont:
- les dispositifs fonctionnant aux fréquences industrielles (50/60 Hz) et générant des champs de fréquence industrielle et des harmoniques de ces fréquences (exemples: lignes d'énergie, appareils électriques...);
- les dispositifs générant des champs indépendants de la fréquence industrielle. (Exemples: voie de chemin de fer électrifiée (du continu à 20 kHz), avions de ligne (400 Hz), les appareils de chauffage par induction (jusqu'à 100 kHz) et les véhicules électriques);
- et les dispositifs générant des champs magnétiques statiques: imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM), lignes d'énergie à courant continu, soudage par courant continu, électrolyse, aimants, fours électriques, etc. Les courants continus sont souvent générés par des convertisseurs, qui créent également des composantes alternatives (harmoniques à fréquence industrielle), qu'il convient d'évaluer. Si des normes de produit concernant les champs électromagnétiques sont disponibles, il convient de les utiliser. Eu égard aux mesures de champs électriques, la présente norme considère uniquement la mesure du champ électrique non perturbé en un point de l'espace (c'est-à-dire le champ électrique avant l'introduction du mesureur du champ et de l'opérateur) ou sur des surfaces conductrices. Les sources d'incertitude pendant les mesures sont également identifiées, et des lignes directrices sont fournies quant à la manière dont il convient de les combiner afin de déterminer l'incertitude de mesure totale.
Merjenje enosmernih in izmeničnih magnetnih polj ter izmeničnih električnih polj od 1 Hz do 100 kHz glede na izpostavljenost ljudi - 2. del: Osnovni standard za meritve
Standard IEC 61786-2:2014 podaja zahteve za meritve navidezno statičnih magnetnih in električnih polj, katerih frekvenčni delež je v razponu od 1 Hz do 100 kHz, in enosmernih magnetnih polj, s čimer se ovrednoti ravni izpostavljenosti človeškega telesa tem poljem. Natančneje, ta standard določa zahteve za vzpostavitev merilnih postopkov, ki dosegajo določene cilje, ki se nanašajo na izpostavljenost ljudi. Zaradi razlik v lastnostih polj iz virov v različnih okoljih, npr. frekvenčne vsebine, časovnih in prostorskih sprememb, polarizacije in velikosti ter razlik v ciljih meritev, bodo posebni merilni postopki različni v različnih okoljih. Viri polj zajemajo tako naprave, ki delujejo na omrežnih frekvencah ter proizvajajo omrežne frekvence in harmonična polja omrežnih frekvenc, kot tudi naprave, ki proizvajajo polja neodvisno od omrežne frekvence in prenos moči enosmernega toka ter geomagnetno polje. Obsegi magnitude, ki jih zajema ta standard, so 0,1 mikrotesla do 200 militesla za izmenični tok (1 mikrotesla do 10 tesla za enosmerni tok) za magnetna polja in 1 V/m do 50 kV/m za električna polja. Če je meritev zunaj tega razpona, se večina določil iz tega standarda še vedno uporablja, vendar naj bi posebno pozornost posvetili določenim postopkom negotovosti in kalibriranja. Primeri virov polj, ki jih je mogoče meriti s tem standardom, so:
- naprave, ki delujejo pri omrežnih frekvencah (50/60 Hz) in proizvajajo omrežno frekvenco in harmonična polja omrežnih frekvenc (primeri: napajalni vodi, električni aparati ...);
- naprave, ki proizvajajo polja, ki so neodvisna od omrežne frekvence.(Primeri: električna železnica (enosmerni tok do 20 kHz);
- komercialna letala (400 Hz), indukcijski grelci (do 100 kHz) in električna vozila);
- in naprave, ki proizvajajo statična magnetna polja: slikanje z magnetno resonanco (MRI), napajalne vodi enosmernega toka, varjenje enosmernega toka, elektroliza, magneti, električne pečice itd. Enosmerne tokove pogosto proizvajajo pretvorniki, ki prav tako ustvarjajo komponente izmeničnega toka (obratovalna frekvenca harmonike), ki naj bi jih ocenili. Kadar so na voljo standardi izdelkov elektromagnetnega sevanja (EMF), naj bi uporabili te standarde izdelkov. Ta standard z vidika merjenja električnega polja upošteva le merjenje nespremenjene jakosti električnega polja v točki v prostoru (tj. električno polje pred uvedbo merilnika in meritelja) ali na prevodnih površinah. Opredeljeni so tudi viri negotovosti med meritvami in zagotovljena so navodila o tem, kako jih je treba združiti, da bi določili skupno merilno negotovost.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2017
0HUMHQMHHQRVPHUQLKLQL]PHQLþQLKPDJQHWQLKSROMWHUL]PHQLþQLKHOHNWULþQLKSROM
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Measurement of DC magnetic, AC magnetic and AC electric fields from 1 Hz to 100 kHz
with regard to exposure of human beings - Part 2: Basic standard for measurements
Mesure de champs magnétiques continus et de champs magnétiques et électriques
alternatifs dans la plage de fréquences de 1 Hz à 100 kHz dans leur rapport à
l'exposition humaine - Partie 2: Norme de base pour les mesures
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: IEC 61786-2
ICS:
17.220.20 0HUMHQMHHOHNWULþQLKLQ Measurement of electrical
PDJQHWQLKYHOLþLQ and magnetic quantities
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
®
Edition 1.0 2014-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Measurement of DC magnetic, AC magnetic and AC electric fields from 1 Hz to
100 kHz with regard to exposure of human beings –
Part 2: Basic standard for measurements
Mesure de champs magnétiques continus et de champs magnétiques et
électriques alternatifs dans la plage de fréquences de 1 Hz a 100 kHz dans leur
rapport à l'exposition humaine –
Partie 2: Norme de base pour les mesures
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX W
ICS 17.220.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-1970-6
– 2 – IEC 61786-2:2014 © IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 General considerations . 8
4.1 Different goals of measurement . 8
4.1.1 General . 8
4.1.2 Characterisation of field levels for compliance with safety standards . 9
4.1.3 Characterisation of spatial variations . 9
4.1.4 Characterisation of temporal variation . 11
4.1.5 Characterisation of frequency content in magnetic field or electric field . 12
4.1.6 Characterisation of population exposure to magnetic field and definition
of metric . 13
4.2 Sources with multiple frequencies . 14
4.2.1 General . 14
4.2.2 Sum of weighted magnitudes . 14
4.2.3 Weighted peak value . 15
4.2.4 Impulse separation . 15
4.2.5 Weighted RMS value . 15
4.2.6 Highest weighted spectral line . 16
4.2.7 Conclusion and recommendation. 16
4.3 Considerations before measurements . 16
5 Measurement procedures and precaution . 17
5.1 AC magnetic field . 17
5.2 DC magnetic field . 18
5.3 AC electric field . 19
6 Measurement uncertainty . 21
7 Measurement report . 22
Annex A (informative) Examples of fields characteristics in typical environments . 24
Annex B (informative) Examples of measurement distances . 27
B.1 IEC 62110:2009 [9] . 27
B.2 IEC 62233: 2005 [10] . 27
B.3 IEC 62311:2007 [11] . 27
B.4 IEC 62369-1:2008 [12] . 27
B.5 IEC/TS 62597:2011 [14] . 27
B.6 IEC 62493:2009 [13] . 28
Annex C (normative) Measurement uncertainty . 29
C.1 Overview. 29
C.2 Assessment of type A uncertainty . 29
C.3 Assessment of type B uncertainty . 29
C.3.1 Non-uniform field . 29
C.3.2 Pass-band limitations . 30
C.3.3 Temperature . 30
C.3.4 Humidity . 30
C.3.5 Location of measurement. 30
C.3.6 Long-term drift . 31
C.3.7 Instrument time constant . 31
C.3.8 Proximity effect of observer (for electric field) . 31
C.3.9 Correction factor . 31
C.3.10 Hysteresis between scales . 31
Annex D (informative) Example of measurement uncertainty . 32
Bibliography . 33
Figure 1 – Magnetic field levels under a 77 kV overhead transmission line (from [9] ) . 10
Figure 2 – Electric field levels under an overhead transmission line (from [9] ). 10
Figure 3 – Example of load variation of 735kV line due to the human activities (daily)
and outdoor temperature (seasonal) . 11
Figure 4 – 50 Hz magnetic field in a high speed train in France . 12
Figure 5 – Waveform (a) and frequency spectrum (b) of magnetic field generated by a
66,04 cm (26 inches) flat-screen LCD television . 13
Figure 6 – Example of DC magnetic field profile above DC underground cable
(calculated at a height of 1 m) . 19
Figure 7 – Observer proximity effects during electric field measurements in vertical
electric field . 20
Figure A.1 – Magnetic field exposure of typical worker (electrician) in North American
power plant (based on 3 days recording) . 25
Figure B.1 – Lighting equipment and measurement distances (from [13]) . 28
Table A.1 – Example of field characteristics inside (workers environment) and outside
(public environment) electric substations in a North American utility . 24
Table A.2 – Field characteristics (mT) in different mass transportation system in US:
average and (maximum) . 26
Table D.1 – Example of measurement uncertainty . 32
– 4 – IEC 61786-2:2014 © IEC 2014
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MEASUREMENT OF DC MAGNETIC, AC MAGNETIC
AND AC ELECTRIC FIELDS FROM 1 Hz TO 100 kHz
WITH REGARD TO EXPOSURE OF HUMAN BEINGS –
Part 2: Basic standard for measurements
FOREWORD
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International Standard IEC 61786-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 106:
Methods for the assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields associated with
human exposure.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
106/322/FDIS 106/326/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in th
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