ISO/IEC TR 24368:2022

TECHNICAL ISO/IEC TR
REPORT 24368
First edition
2022-08
Information technology — Artificial
intelligence — Overview of ethical and
societal concerns
Reference number
© ISO/IEC 2022
© ISO/IEC 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO/IEC 2022 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Overview . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Fundamental sources . 4
4.3 Ethical frameworks . 6
4.3.1 General . 6
4.3.2 Virtue ethics . 6
4.3.3 Utilitarianism . 6
4.3.4 Deontology . 6
5 Human rights practices . 7
5.1 General . 7
6 Themes and principles . 8
6.1 General . 8
6.2 Description of key themes and associated principles . 8
6.2.1 Accountability . 8
6.2.2 Fairness and non-discrimination . 9
6.2.3 Transparency and explainability . 9
6.2.4 Professional responsibility . 10
6.2.5 Promotion of human values. 10
6.2.6 Privacy . 11
6.2.7 Safety and security . 11
6.2.8 Human control of technology .12
6.2.9 Community involvement and development .12
6.2.10 Human centred design .13
6.2.11 Respect for the rule of law . 13
6.2.12 Respect for international norms of behaviour .13
6.2.13 Environmental sustainability . 14
6.2.14 Labour practices . 14
7 Examples of practices for building and using ethical and socially acceptable AI .15
7.1 Aligning internal process to AI principles . 15
7.1.1 General .15
7.1.2 Defining ethical AI principles the organization can adopt .15
7.1.3 Defining applications the organization cannot pursue .15
7.1.4 Review process for new projects . 15
7.1.5 Training in AI ethics . 16
7.2 Considerations for ethical review framework . 16
7.2.1 Identify an ethical issue . 16
7.2.2 Get the facts . 16
7.2.3 List and evaluate alternative actions . 17
7.2.4 Make a decision and act on it . 17
7.2.5 Act and reflect on the outcome . 17
8 Considerations for building and using ethical and socially acceptable AI .17
8.1 General . 17
8.2 Non-exhaustive list of ethical and societal considerations . 17
8.2.1 General . 17
8.2.2 International human rights . 18
8.2.3 Accountability . 18
iii
© ISO/IEC 2022 – All rights reserved

8.2.4 Fairness and non-discrimination . 18
8.2.5 Transparency and explainability . 18
8.2.6 Professional responsibility . 19
8.2.7 Promotion of human values. 20
8.2.8 Privacy . 20
8.2.9 Safety and security . 20
8.2.10 Human control of technology . 21
8.2.11 Community involvement and development . 21
8.2.12 Human centred design . 21
8.2.13 Respect for the rule of law . 21
8.2.14 Respect for international norms of behaviour .22
8.2.15 Environmental sustainability . 22
8.2.16 Labour practices .22
Annex A (informative) AI principles documents .23
Annex B (informative) Use case studies .33
Bibliography .42
iv
© ISO/IEC 2022 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance
are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria
needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in
accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or
www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see https://patents.iec.ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an end
...