ISO/TR 10295-3:2012

TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 10295-3
First edition
2012-08-01
Fire tests for building elements and
components — Fire testing of service
installations —
Part 3:
Single component penetration seals —
Guidance on the construction and use
of test configurations and simulated
services to characterise sealing materials
Essais au feu pour les éléments et composants de bâtiment — Essai au
feu des installations de service —
Partie 3: Joints de pénétration à composant unique — Lignes directrices sur
la construction et l’utilisation des configurations d’essai et des processus de
simulation permettant de caractériser les matériaux d’étanchéité
Reference number
©
ISO 2012
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Test equipment . 3
5 General performance criteria . 3
6 Guidance on test configurations and procedures . 4
7 Test procedures . 4
7.1 Test configuration A — Size of unsupported free area of penetration seal. 5
7.2 Test configuration B — Thermal diffusity of the conductor / penetration . 6
7.3 Test configuration C . 7
7.4 Test configuration D — When multiple simulated services are being tested . 8
7.5 Test procedure E . 8
7.6 Test procedure F . 8
7.7 Test procedure G . 9
7.8 Test procedure H . 9
8 Deriving the field of application by judgemental analysis . 9
8.1 Analysis using test configuration A . 9
8.2 Analysis using test configuration B . 9
8.3 Analysis using test configuration C .10
8.4 Analysis using test configuration D .10
9 Deriving the field of application by mathematical analysis .10
9.1 Use of the 3-D interpolation method to predict the extended field of application .10
Annex A (informative) Determining the extended field of application .12
Annex B (informative) Example of the application of the principles of 3-D interpolation to the
establishment of the extended application of penetrating sealing system .13
Annex C (informative) 3-D interpolation method of analysis .16
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that
which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a
simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely
informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer
valid or useful.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TR 10295-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 2, Fire
containment.
ISO/TR 10295 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire tests for building elements and
components — Fire testing of service installations:
— Part 1: Penetration seals
— Part 2: Linear joint (gap) seals
— Part 3: Single component penetration seals — Guidance on the construction and use of test configurations
and simulated services to characterize sealing materials
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This Technical Report describes a range of standard test configurations and associated testing procedures
designed to determine the relevant characteristics of a penetration seal composed of one material when
subjected to the standard fire exposure conditions outlined in ISO 834-1. It is used in conjunction with
ISO 10295-1 in order to establish relationships between the parameters that influence the performance of the
seal in use. The test data generated by this procedure are intended to assist in the classification of penetration
seals based on their intended use and fire resistance under the specified acceptance criteria of this part of
ISO 10295, i.e. their field of extended application by use of the methodology given in ISO/TR 12470.
In addition, the methodology is recommended to manufacturers for use when developing new sealing products,
as it provides a way of establishing the limiting characteristics of the sealing system in a quantifiable manner.
This report describes a procedure intended to be followed utilizing a well selected series of test configurations,
which can be used to generate a data set to characterize the fire sealing capabilities of a single component
penetration seal material. The data set is intended to contain enough information to provide users with
engineering data to determine the suitability of the material in applications other than that in which the material
was originally tested.
A wide variety of product types is used to reinstate the integrity of a fire-separating element when penetrated
by a service or group of services. These product types include, for example
a) soft fillers (sealants or ‘mastics’);
b) semi-rigid intumescent strip materials on their own or in combination with elastomeric foam materials;
c) rigid fibrous batts;
d) rigid board systems;
e) rigid fillers (epoxies or cementicous);
f) cementicous plasters/clay/vermiculite systems.
A wide variety of materials is used to “firestop” penetrations through which building services pass. These
materials all fail at some time during a fire, but the nature of the method of failure; melting, slumping, charring
through etc., needs to be fully understood if a field of application is to be determined with any confidence.
Standard configurations and their associated test procedures need, in due course, to be derived to replicate
the appropriate failure modes and also to increase the range of simulated services so the range of tests and
configurations described in this part of ISO 10295 are not exhaustive.
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 10295-3:2012(E)
Fire tests for building elements and components — Fire testing
of service installations —
Part 3:
Single component penetration seals — Guidance on the
construction and use of test configurations and simulated
services to characterize sealing materials
1 Scope
This part of ISO 10295 provides guidance in respect of a structured method of characterizing the penetrating
seal under test utilizing a series of defined parameters, each one being determined by the use of a selected
series of test configurations in conjunction with simulated services. The level of characterization being sought
is dependent upon the classification requirement of the system, which in turn determines the complexity of the
test program. It is also intended the test method addresses the influence the supporting construction has on
the performance of the seal system.
The methods described apply to the determination of data relating to single component penetration seals where
the penetration service does not melt out within the appropriate period of exposure to a fully developed fire.
The selection of the appropriate system depends upon many factors. Of particular importance is the size of the
penetration, since penetration seal systems are frequently penetration size (or size range) specific.
This is a guidance document, its purpose being to determine the critical parameters relating to the performance
of the seal being evaluated. Such parameters can then be used as a basis for interpolation and/or extrapolation
of the seal’s performance. The procedures used have been developed utilizing small square penetrations,
single component penetration seals, and cylindrical conductors; however it is possible to generate a similar
series of tests using rectangular cross-section conductors if this is more appropriate to end use.
This part of ISO 10295 provides a structured approach designed to establish
— the mode of failure;
— the parameters critical to the performance of the penetration seal under test.
The mode of failure and critical parameters are ascertained using test configurations appropriate to the potential
performance of the product, in conjunction with clearly defined standard penetrations.
The results gained from the application of this technical report are designed to assist a suitably qualified person
to develop a direct and extended field of application for the penetration seal under test using in particular, the
principles and methodology given in ISO/TR 12470. Using the field(s) of application so generated, it should be
possible to classify the penetration seal, thus facilitating its incorporation into specifications.
The test configurations recommended in this part of ISO 10295 are not appropriate for evaluating multi-
component penetration seals.
This part of ISO 10295 is not appropriate for characterizing all types of penetration seals, e.g. pipe closers/collars
and some gland systems, for which evaluation using ISO 10295-1 is more appropriate.
This part of ISO 10295 does not address the distance required between services that can generate their own
heat. When a live service is being evaluated, it is necessary to give consideration to the distance required
between penetrations.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 834-1, Fire-resistance test — Elements of building construction — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 13943, Fire safety — Vocabulary
ISO 10295-1, Fire tests for building elements and components — Fire testing of service installations — Part 1:
Penetration seals
ISO 10295-2, Fire tests for building elements and components — Fire testing of service installations — Part 2:
Linear joint (gap) seals
ISO/TR 12470, Fire resistance tests — Guidance on the application and extension of results
ISO 13943, Fire safety — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document,
...