ISO/FDIS 5403-1
(Main)Leather — Determination of water resistance of flexible leather — Part 1: Repeated linear compression (penetrometer)
Leather — Determination of water resistance of flexible leather — Part 1: Repeated linear compression (penetrometer)
ISO 5403-1:2011 specifies a method for determining the dynamic water resistance of leather by means of repeated linear compression. It is applicable to all flexible leathers but is particularly suitable for leathers intended for footwear applications.
Cuir — Détermination de l'imperméabilité à l'eau des cuirs souples — Partie 1: Compression linéaire répétée (pénétromètre)
L'ISO 5403-1:2011 spécifie une méthode pour déterminer l'imperméabilité dynamique du cuir à l'eau par compression linéaire répétée. Elle s'applique à tous les cuirs souples, mais elle convient particulièrement aux cuirs destinés à l'industrie de la chaussure.
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Standards Content (Sample)
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 5403-1
IUP 10-1
IULTCS
Leather — Determination of water
Voting begins on:
resistance of flexible leather —
2025-08-14
Voting terminates on:
Part 1:
2025-10-09
Repeated linear compression
(penetrometer)
Cuir — Détermination de l'imperméabilité à l'eau des cuirs
souples —
Partie 1: Compression linéaire répétée (pénétromètre)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
IUP 10-1:2025(en) © ISO 2025
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 5403-1
IUP 10-1
IULTCS
Leather — Determination of water
Voting begins on:
resistance of flexible leather —
Part 1: Voting terminates on:
Repeated linear compression
(penetrometer)
Cuir — Détermination de l'imperméabilité à l'eau des cuirs
souples —
Partie 1: Compression linéaire répétée (pénétromètre)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Reference number
Published in Switzerland ISO/FDIS 5403-1:2025(en)
IUP 10-1:2025(en) © ISO 2025
ii
IUP 10-1:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Apparatus, reagents and materials . 1
6 Specimen and test piece preparation . 3
7 Procedure . 3
7.1 Determination of stiffness and test amplitude .3
7.2 Determination of penetration time .4
7.3 Determination of water absorption .5
7.4 Determination of water penetration . .5
8 Expression of results . 5
8.1 Penetration time .5
8.2 Water absorption .5
8.3 Water transmission .5
9 Test report . 5
Annex A (informative) Sources of apparatus . 7
Bibliography . 8
iii
IUP 10-1:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
IULTCS, originally formed in 1897, is a world-wide organization of professional leather societies to further
the advancement of leather science and technology. IULTCS has three Commissions, which are responsible
for establishing international methods for the sampling and testing of leather. ISO recognizes IULTCS as an
international standardizing body for the preparation of test methods for leather
This document was prepared by the Physical Test Commission of the International Union of Leather
Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUP Commission, IULTCS) in collaboration with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289, Leather, in accordance with the
Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 5403-1:2011), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— alignment with the changes and revised terminology in ISO 2418 and ISO 2419;
— addition of Clause 3;
— modification of the testing conditions (5.3).
A list of all parts in the ISO 5403 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
FINAL DRAFT International Standard
IUP 10-1:2025(en)
Leather — Determination of water resistance of flexible
leather —
Part 1:
Repeated linear compression (penetrometer)
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for determining the dynamic water resistance of leather by means of
repeated linear compression. It is applicable to all flexible leathers but is particularly suitable for leathers
intended for footwear applications.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2418, Leather — Chemical, physical, mechanical and fastness tests — Position and preparation of specimens
for testing
ISO 2419, Leather — Physical and mechanical tests — Specimen and test piece conditioning
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 15115, Leather — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 15115 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
A test piece is formed into the shape of a trough and flexed while partially immersed in water. The time
taken for water to penetrate through the test piece is measured. The method also allows to determine the
percentage mass of the water absorbed and the mass of the water transmitted through the test piece.
NOTE This test method uses compression-type flexing, whereas the test method of ISO 5403-2 for water
resistance imparts folding-type flexing on the leather specimens. Given the two completely different flexing actions, it
is not possible to compare the results obtained from the two test methods.
5 Apparatus, reagents and materials
Usual laboratory apparatus is required and, in particular, the following.
IUP 10-1:2025(en)
5.1 Test machine, including the parts described in 5.1.1 to 5.1.3 (see also Annex A).
5.1.1 One or more pairs of cylinders, (30,0 ± 0,5) mm in diameter, made of inert rigid material, mounted
with their axes horizontal and co-axial. One cylinder shall be fixed and the other moveable along the
direction of its axis such that the maximum separation of the cylinders is (40,0 ± 0,5) mm.
5.1.2 Electric motor, which drives the moveable cylinder backwards and forwards along its axis with a
crank motion of (50 ± 5) cycles/min and an amplitude of (1,0 ± 0,1) mm, (1,50 ± 0,15) mm, (2,0 ± 0,2 mm) or
(3,0 ± 0,3) mm about its mean position.
NOTE The four amplitudes of the crank motion are such that the test piece is compressed by 5 %, 7,5 %, 10 % or
15 % respectively when the cylinders approach one another.
5.1.3 Tank, made from non-corroding material, holding distilled or deionized water (5.4), in which the
test piece can be partially immersed.
The test machine may also include an electrical circuit that indicates when water has penetrated through
the test piece.
5.2 Ring-shaped clamps, with internal diameter adjustable between 30 mm and 40 mm.
5.3 Press knife, the inner wall of which is a rectangle of (60 ± 1) mm × (75 ± 1) mm, conforming to the
requirements of ISO 2418.
5.4 Distilled or deionized water, of grade 3 in accordance with ISO 3696.
5.5 Balance, weighing to 0,001 g.
5.6 Timer, accurate to 1 s.
5.7 Abrasive paper, grade P180, as defined in the P-series grit-size standard published by the Federation
of European Producers of Abrasive Products, cut into rectangles of (65 ± 5) mm × (45 ± 5) mm, fixed to a flat,
rigid base of the same size and weighted to give a total mass of (1,0 ± 0,1) kg. A fresh piece of abrasive paper
shall be used for each test piece.
5.8 Absorbent cloth, cut into rectangles of (120 ± 5) mm × (40 ± 5) mm, machine washed prior to first use
following the cycle recommended by the cloth manufacturer.
A suitable cloth is terry towelling (frotté) in 100 % cotton and weighing approximately 300 g/m . The
absorbency of this material might not be optimal
...
IUP 10-1
IULTCS
Secretariat: ISO
ISO/ IULTCS/SC ##/WG #
Date: 2025-05-30
Leather — Determination of water resistance of flexible leather — —
Part 1:
Repeated linear compression (penetrometer)
Cuir — Détermination de l'imperméabilité à l'eau des cuirs souples —
Partie 1: Compression linéaire répétée (pénétromètre)
FDIS stage
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
EmailE-mail: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
IUP 10-1:2025(en)
Contents
Foreword . iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Apparatus, reagents and materials . 2
6 Specimen and test piece preparation . 2
7 Procedure . 3
7.1 Determination of stiffness and test amplitude . 3
7.2 Determination of penetration time . 4
7.3 Determination of water absorption . 4
7.4 Determination of water penetration . 5
8 Expression of results . 5
8.1 Penetration time . 5
8.2 Water absorption . 5
8.3 Water transmission . 5
9 Test report . 5
Annex A (informative) Sources of apparatus . 7
Bibliography . 8
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
IULTCS, originally formed in 1897, is a world-wide organization of professional leather societies to further the
advancement of leather science and technology. IULTCS has three Commissions, which are responsible for
establishing international methods for the sampling and testing of leather. ISO recognizes IULTCS as an
international standardizing body for the preparation of test methods for leather
This document was prepared by the Physical Test Commission of the International Union of Leather
Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUP Commission, IULTCS) in collaboration with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289, Leather, in accordance with the
Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 5403-1:2011), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— — alignment with the changes and revised terminology in ISO 2418 and ISO 2419;
— addition of Clause 3 a new clause 3 was added
— — ;
— modification of the testing conditions (5.3(5.3).).
A list of all parts in the ISO 5403 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 5403-1:2025(en)
IUP 10-1:2025(en)
Leather — Determination of water resistance of flexible leather — —
Part 1:
Repeated linear compression (penetrometer)
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for determining the dynamic water resistance of leather by means of
repeated linear compression. It is applicable to all flexible leathers but is particularly suitable for leathers
intended for footwear applications.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2418, Leather — Chemical, physical, mechanical and fastness tests — Position and preparation of specimens
for testing
ISO 2419, Leather — Physical and mechanical tests — Specimen and test piece conditioning
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 15115, Leather — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 15115 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
4 Principle
A test piece is formed into the shape of a trough and flexed while partially immersed in water. The time taken
for water to penetrate through the test piece is measured. The method also allows forto determine the
percentage mass of the water absorbed and the mass of the water transmitted through the test piece to be
determined.
NOTE This test method uses compression-type flexing, whereas the test method of ISO 5403-2 for water resistance
imparts folding-type flexing on the leather specimens. Given the two completely different flexing actions, it is not possible
to compare the results obtained from the two test methods.
5 Apparatus, reagents and materials
Usual laboratory apparatus is required and, in particular, the following.
5.1 5.1 Test machine, including the parts described in 5.1.15.1.1 to 5.1.35.1.3. (See (see also
Annex AAnnex A.)).
5.1.1 5.1.1 One or more pairs of cylinders, (30,0 ± 0,5) mm in diameter, made of inert rigid material,
mounted with their axes horizontal and co-axial. One cylinder shall be fixed and the other moveable along the
direction of its axis such that the maximum separation of the cylinders is (40,0 ± 0,5) mm.
5.1.2 5.1.2 Electric motor, which drives the moveable cylinder backwards and forwards along its axis
with a crank motion of (50 ± 5) cycles/min and an amplitude of (1,0 ± 0,1) mm, (1,50 ± 0,15) mm,
(2,0 ± 0,2 mm) or (3,0 ± 0,3) mm about its mean position.
NOTE The four amplitudes of the crank motion are such that the test piece is compressed by 5 %, 7,5 %, 10 % or
15 % respectively when the cylinders approach one another.
5.1.3 5.1.3 Tank, made from non-corroding material, holding distilled or deionized water (5.4(5.4),), in
which the test piece can be partially immersed.
The test machine may also include an electrical circuit that indicates when water has penetrated through the
test piece.
5.2 5.2 Ring-shaped clamps, with internal diameter adjustable between 30 mm and 40 mm.
5.3 5.3 Press knife, the inner wall of which is a rectangle of (60 ± 1) mm × (75 ± 1) mm, conforming
to the requirements of ISO 2418.
5.4 5.4 Distilled or deionized water, of grade 3 in accordance with ISO 3696.
5.5 5.5 Balance, weighing to 0,001 g.
5.6 5.6 Timer, accurate to 1 s.
5.7 5.7 Abrasive paper, grade P180, as defined in the P-series grit-size standard published by the
Federation of European Producers of Abrasive Products, cut into rectangles of (65 ± 5) mm × (45 ± 5) mm,
fixed to a flat, rigid base of the same size and weighted to give a total mass of (1,0 ± 0,1) kg. A fresh piece of
abrasive paper shall be used for each test piece.
5.8 5.8 Absorbent cloth, cut into rectangles of (120 ± 5) mm × (40 ± 5) mm, machine washed prior
to first use following the cycle recommended by the cloth manufacturer.
A suitable cloth is terry towelling (frotté) in 100 % cotton and weighing approximately 300 g/m . The
absorbency of this material might not be optimal when new, and therefore the cloths shall be washed before
the first use.
5.9 5.9 Auxiliary apparatus, to determine the stiffness of the test piece, consisting of one pair of
cylinders of (30,0 ± 0,5) mm in diameter mounted with their axes horizontal and co-axial, a means of moving
the cylinders together, a means of measuring the reduction in distance between the cylinders, to the nearest
0,1 mm, and a means of measuring the force exerted along the axes of the cylinder to the nearest 5 N.
6 Specimen and test piece preparation
6.1 6.1 Select the specimen in accordance with ISO 2418. Cut four test pieces by applying the press
knife (5.3(5.3)) to the grain (or to the outer surface when worn). Cut two test pieces with the longer side
parallel to the backbone and two test pieces with the longer side perpendicular to the backbone.
© ISO #### 2025 – All rights reserved
IUP 10-1:2025(en)
If there is a requirement for two or more hides or skins to be tested in one batch, then only one test piece in
each direction need be taken from each hide or skin, provided that the overall total is not less than two test
pieces in each direction.
6.2 6.2 Prepare the test pieces using the following method.
Lightly buff the grain (or the outer surface when worn) by placing the test piece grain (or the outer surface
when worn) upwards on a flat surface. Place the weighted abrasive paper (5.7(5.7)) on the test piece and move
the abrasive paper ten times backwardsbackward and forwardsforward along the full length of the test piece
without applying any more downward force than is applied by the weighted abrasive.
It can be appropriate to flex a sample for 20 000 cycles using the method and apparatus specified in ISO 5402--
1.
Many leathers have a surface coat on the grain or on the outer surface when worn. This surface coat greatly
increases the water resistance of the leather. If microcracks develop rapidly in this coat as a result of flexing
during wear or the coat is damaged by abrasion, then measurements made on the leather as received can be
misleading. The abrasion and flexing treatments described above are intended to simulate the abrasion which
the leather would receive while being worn and the test piece should therefore be abraded or flexed before
the test. The purpose of this abrasion is not to remove the sur
...
PROJET FINAL
Norme
internationale
ISO/FDIS 5403-1
IUP 10-1
IULTCS
Cuir — Détermination de
Début de vote:
l'imperméabilité à l'eau des cuirs
2025-08-14
souples —
Vote clos le:
2025-10-09
Partie 1:
Compression linéaire répétée
(pénétromètre)
Leather — Determination of water resistance of flexible
leather —
Part 1: Repeated linear compression (penetrometer)
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET SONT
INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSERVATIONS,
NOTIFICATION DES DROITS DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS
AURAIENT ÉVENTUELLEMENT CONNAISSANCE ET À
FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE.
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES FINS
INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET COM-MERCIALES,
AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE DES UTILISATEURS, LES
PROJETS DE NORMES
TRAITEMENT PARALLÈLE ISO/CEN
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE CONSIDÉRÉS
DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR POSSI BILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES
NORMES POUVANT
SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA RÉGLEMENTATION
NATIONALE.
Numéro de référence
IUP 10-1:2025(fr) © ISO 2025
PROJET FINAL
Norme
internationale
ISO/FDIS 5403-1
IUP 10-1
IULTCS
Cuir — Détermination de
Début de vote:
l'imperméabilité à l'eau des cuirs
2025-08-14
souples —
Vote clos le:
2025-10-09
Partie 1:
Compression linéaire répétée
(pénétromètre)
Leather — Determination of water resistance of flexible
leather —
Part 1: Repeated linear compression (penetrometer)
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET SONT
INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSERVATIONS,
NOTIFICATION DES DROITS DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS
AURAIENT ÉVENTUELLEMENT CONNAISSANCE ET À
FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE.
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES FINS
© ISO 2025 INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET COM-MERCIALES,
AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE DES UTILISATEURS, LES
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
PROJETS DE NORMES
TRAITEMENT PARALLÈLE ISO/CEN
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE CONSIDÉRÉS
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR POSSI BILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
NORMES POUVANT
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA RÉGLEMENTATION
NATIONALE.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Genève
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Web: www.iso.org
Numéro de référence
Publié en Suisse ISO/FDIS 5403-1:2025(fr)
IUP 10-1:2025(fr) © ISO 2025
ii
IUP 10-1:2025(fr)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Principe. 1
5 Appareillage, réactifs et matériaux . 2
6 Préparation des spécimens et des éprouvettes . 3
7 Mode opératoire . 3
7.1 Détermination de la rigidité et de l’amplitude de l’essai .3
7.2 Détermination du temps de pénétration .4
7.3 Détermination de l’absorption d’eau .5
7.4 Détermination de la pénétration d’eau .5
8 Expression des résultats . 5
8.1 Temps de pénétration .5
8.2 Absorption d’eau .5
8.3 Eau transmise .5
9 Rapport d’essai . 6
Annexe A (informative) Sources d’appareillage . 7
Bibliographie . 8
iii
IUP 10-1:2025(fr)
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes nationaux
de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est en général
confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire
partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux. L’ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document
a été rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2
(voir www.iso.org/directives).
L’ISO attire l’attention sur le fait que la mise en application du présent document peut entraîner l’utilisation
d’un ou de plusieurs brevets. L’ISO ne prend pas position quant à la preuve, à la validité et à l’applicabilité
de tout droit de brevet revendiqué à cet égard. À la date de publication du présent document, l’ISO n’avait
pas reçu notification qu’un ou plusieurs brevets pouvaient être nécessaires à sa mise en application.
Toutefois, il y a lieu d’avertir les responsables de la mise en application du présent document que des
informations plus récentes sont susceptibles de figurer dans la base de données de brevets, disponible à
l’adresse www.iso.org/brevets. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir identifié tout ou
partie de tels droits de brevet.
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données pour
information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion de
l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles techniques au
commerce (OTC), voir www.iso.org/iso/fr/avant-propos.html.
L’IULTCS est une organisation mondiale de sociétés professionnelles des industries du cuir fondée en 1897
ayant pour mission de favoriser l’avancement des sciences et technologies du cuir. L’IULTCS a trois
commissions, qui sont responsables de l’établissement des méthodes internationales d’échantillonnage et
d’essai des cuirs. L’ISO reconnaît l’IULTCS en tant qu’organisme international à activités normatives pour
l’élaboration de méthodes d’essai relatives au cuir.
Le présent document a été élaboré par la Commission des essais physiques de l’Union internationale des
sociétés de techniciens et chimistes du cuir (commission IUP, IULTCS) en collaboration avec le comité
technique CEN/TC 289, Cuir, du Comité européen de normalisation (CEN), conformément à l’Accord de
coopération technique entre l’ISO et le CEN (Accord de Vienne).
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 5403-1:2011), qui a fait l’objet d’une
révision technique.
Les principales modifications sont les suivantes:
— alignement avec les modifications et la terminologie révisée de l’ISO 2418 et l’ISO 2419;
— ajout de l’Article 3;
— modification des conditions d’essai (5.3).
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 5403 se trouve sur le site web de l’ISO.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes se
trouve à l’adresse www.iso.org/fr/members.html.
iv
PROJET FINAL Norme internationale
IUP 10-1:2025(fr)
Cuir — Détermination de l'imperméabilité à l'eau des cuirs
souples —
Partie 1:
Compression linéaire répétée (pénétromètre)
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document spécifie une méthode pour déterminer l’imperméabilité dynamique du cuir à l’eau par
compression linéaire répétée. Il s’applique à tous les cuirs souples, mais elle convient particulièrement aux
cuirs destinés à l’industrie de la chaussure.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique. Pour
les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
ISO 2418, Cuir — Essais chimiques, physiques, mécaniques et essais de solidité — Emplacement et préparation
des spécimens pour les essais
ISO 2419, Cuir — Essais physiques et mécaniques — Conditionnement des spécimens et des éprouvettes
ISO 3696, Eau pour laboratoire à usage analytique — Spécification et méthodes d'essai
ISO 15115, Cuir — Vocabulaire
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions de l’ISO 15115 s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en normalisation,
consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principe
Une éprouvette est courbée en forme de demi-cylindre et subit une flexion tout en étant partiellement
immergée dans l’eau. Le temps nécessaire pour que l’eau pénètre à travers l’éprouvette est mesuré. Cette
méthode permet également de déterminer l’absorption d’eau, en pourcentage en masse, ainsi que la masse
d’eau ayant traversé l’éprouvette.
NOTE Cette méthode d’essai utilise une flexion exercée par compression, tandis que la méthode d’essai
de l’ISO 5403-2 relative à la détermination de l’imperméabilité à l’eau prévoit une flexion exercée par pliage des
éprouvettes de cuir. Du fait de la différence fondamentale entre ces deux actions de flexion, il n’est pas possible de
comparer les résultats obtenus avec ces deux méthodes d’essai.
IUP 10-1:2025(fr)
5 Appareillage, réactifs et matériaux
Du matériel de laboratoire courant est nécessaire et, en particulier, ce qui suit.
5.1 Appareil d’essai, comprenant les pièces décrites de 5.1.1 à 5.1.3. (Voir également l’Annexe A.)
5.1.1 Une ou plusieurs paires de cylindres, en matériau rigide inerte, d’un diamètre de (30,0 ± 0,5) mm,
montés avec leurs axes horizontaux et coaxiaux. Un cylindre doit être fixe et l’autre doit se déplacer sur son
axe de sorte que l’écart maximal entre les cylindres soit de (40,0 ± 0,5) mm.
5.1.2 Moteur électrique, qui entraîne le cylindre mobile d’avant en arrière sur son axe avec un mouvement
de (50 ± 5) cycles/min et une amplitude de (1,0 ± 0,1) mm, (1,50 ± 0,15) mm, (2,0 ± 0,2) mm ou (3,0 ± 0,3) mm
par rapport à sa position moyenne.
NOTE Les quatre amplitudes du mouvement sont telles que l’éprouvette est comprimée respectivement de 5 %,
7,5 %, 10 % ou 15 % lorsque les cylindres s’approchent l’un de l’autre.
5.1.3 Cuve, en matériau anticorrosion, contenant de l’eau distillée ou déionisée (5.4), dans
laquelle l’éprouvette peut être partiellement immergée.
L’appareil d’essai peut aussi inclure un circuit électrique qui indique le mo
...
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