ISO/FDIS 8347

ISO/TC 287
Secretariat: ABNT
Date: 2025-06-0508
Measurement procedures associated with the chain of custody in
native tropical forest management areas
Procédures de mesure associées à la chaîne de contrôle dans les zones de gestion des forêts tropicales indigènes
FDIS stage
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ii
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
3.1 Terms related to the forest value chain . 2
3.2 Terms related to remote sensing technology . 5
3.3 Terms related to the accuracy of remote sensing technology . 6
4 Forest management documentation and relevant data required from the responsible
party . 7
4.1 Understanding of the native forest area . 7
4.2 Following an approved forest management plan . 8
4.3 Chain of custody traceability . 10
5 Information sources and technologies – Independent georeferenced information derived
from remote sensing (and its accuracy requirements) . 10
5.1 Consistency checking of the remote sensing technologies availability in the geospatial
industry . 10
5.2 Consistency checking of the remote sensing technologies detection’s relevant capacity . 11
6 Consistency checking procedures . 12
6.1 General. 12
6.2 Consistency of georeferenced data provided by the responsible party . 13
6.3 Consistency of the production area’s spatial pattern . 13
7 Claims . 14
8 Requirements for whistleblowing . 14
Bibliography . 15

iii
Foreword
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bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives-and-policies.html).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 287, Sustainable processes for wood and wood-
based products.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
This document is developed in the context of the challenges that have arisen from the international
commercialization of tropical wood, such as deforestation of native tropical forests through illegal harvesting
and documentary fraud in the chain of custody of tropical wood products. The document is not intended to be
a comprehensive solution to these challenges, but rather offers a methodology that can be used to monitor
these challenges within specific contexts for native tropical forests. Data from remote sensing increases the
validity of volume and areas harvested from which tropical wood products originate, as described in the text
below. The focus of thethis document is the methodology for using remotely sensed data and the appropriate
contexts in which to do so, rather than the use of a specific remote technology for data collection. Traceability
of the origin of wood extracted through selective logging of native forests in tropical regions of the world has
become a standard requirement by consumers of these wood products, who increasingly favour purchasing
products from areas that have been legally authorized and are managed and harvested more sustainably.
Particularly in markets such as the EU, the USA, Australia and Japan, the lack of reliable information regarding
the practices adopted at the origin of wood extraction and throughout industrialization may hinder the
commercialization of such wood-based products.
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The upcoming demand in the EU, 0 , for instance, thatfor these products that are “deforestation-free”
requires strong evidence that they have originated from a specific location where the forest area under
management has not been subject to forest degradation. In this document, native tropical forests are
addressed.
Typically, forest management and chain of custody certification of native tropical forests is based on the
periodic auditing of detailed documentation and a sample of evidence collected on site covering the various
stages of production, from receiving the logged wood originated at the forest management unit, through
primary processing of logs, further industrialization, and final commercialization of wood-based products.
However, because not all the logged wood from native tropical forests commercialized internationally will be
covered by certification, questions maycan potentially be raised by consumer markets with respect to the
effectiveness of available information and supporting documentation in ensuring the origin of the wood-based
products being commercialized.
On the other hand, inIn the last decades, remote sensing technologies have been frequently utilisedutilized for
native tropical forests with the purpose of detecting changes in forest coverage and of determining the extent
of land use conversion. As an example, satellite remote sensing integrated into alert mechanisms has helped
detect deforestation in areas of native tropical forest in Brazil. Likewise, progressive effort in monitoring and
evaluating canopy opening by remote sensing tools during selective logging (within a previously informed
time period) suggest there may bethe possibility of finding an effective way to correlate the amount of
retrieved trees from a declared origin with the information that accompanies the logged wood that arrives at
a mill for primary processing to support the chain of custody of resulting wood-based products (hence
commercialized to a variety of destinations).
Adding geospatial referenced information at the source of the wood extracted from native tropical forest areas
will strengthen the link between the documentation provided as “proof of origin"” of the logged wood at the
mill (beginning of the process) to the documentation that accompanies the wood-based products to the end
of the chain of custody. As a result, remote sensing technologies can then be used to analyse the native tropical
forest management areas and verify consistency between the declared amount of logged wood and the related
selective logging features (geographical location, dates, logged areas, canopy opening associated to logged
trees or infrastructure). Therefore, the field of work of this document is to establish the guidelines of a
methodology to assess the impact on forest coverage resulting from the implementation of a selective harvest
under a forest management plan by using remote sensing tools, within a pre-established region in space and
a similarly delimited time interval. The magnitude of the impact thus determined will be compared to the
logged wood’s documentation (formal and georeferenced) extracted by the organisationorganization
interested in the commercialization of its wood-based products, to verify consistency between the two distinct
sources of information. This proposed verification methodology will be an independent means for a variety of
v
stakeholders to monitor the selective logging forest areas, and hence will significantly enhance the credibility
of the overall process. Implementation of this document would generate a robust datasetdata set describing
where harvesting activity has occurred. It is highly recommended that this datasetdata set be used to check
the potential overlap of harvesting on protected areas, indigenous lands, the described distributions of IUCN
Red List endangered species (or group), and other relevant spatial data layers that exist for the purpose of
preventing or observing impacts on conservation areas or areas related to social justice. However, these
additional analyses are not required for compliance with this document.
This document is based on cross checking data from remote sensing with official information, relating to the
planning of management activities approved by the competent authorities (management plan, harvest
authorizations and/or similar). The competent authorities have official information that reports what was
carried out in the harvest (invoices and/or any other documents that have official support that indicate the
movement of logs out of the forest). Nevertheless, the use of this document cannot state that the official
information presented havehas a high probability of being true and of correctly reporting the origin of the log,
as well as that the forest manager respected the environmental legislation in force in the country.
vi
Measurement procedures associated with the chain of custody in
native tropical forest management areas
1 Scope
This document establishes a process to measure wood being logged in native tropical forest management
areas following an approved and documented plan. Such a process includes quantifying and monitoring the
harvested area to support the chain of custody assessment, helping to ensure the origin of the logged wood.
The intended use of this document is not for woodWood volume measurement is outside th
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