ISO 13909-3:2016

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13909-3
Second edition
2016-07-01
Hard coal and coke — Mechanical
sampling —
Part 3:
Coal — Sampling from stationary lots
Houille et coke — Échantillonnage mécanique —
Partie 3: Charbon — Échantillonnage sur lots statiques
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Establishing a sampling scheme . 1
4.1 General . 1
4.2 Design of the sampling scheme . 2
4.2.1 Material to be sampled . 2
4.2.2 Division of lots . 2
4.2.3 Precision of sampling . 2
4.2.4 Bias of sampling. 3
4.3 Precision of results . 3
4.3.1 Precision and total variance . 3
4.3.2 Primary increment variance . 4
4.3.3 Preparation and testing variance . 4
4.3.4 Number of sub-lots and number of increments per sub-lot . 4
4.4 Minimum mass of sample . 6
4.5 Mass of primary increment . 8
4.6 Size analysis . 9
5 Methods of sampling from wagons, barges and ships .10
5.1 General .10
5.2 Number of increments and sub-lots .10
5.2.1 General analysis and moisture samples .10
5.2.2 Common sample .10
5.3 Taking the increments .11
5.4 Distribution of increments .11
5.4.1 Wagons .11
5.4.2 Barges .11
5.4.3 Ships .11
5.4.4 Random selection of increments.11
6 Methods of sampling from stockpiles .12
7 Sampling equipment — mechanical auger .13
8 Handling and storage of samples .15
9 Sample preparation .16
10 Minimization of bias .16
10.1 Causes of bias .16
10.2 Checking for precision and bias .16
11 Verification .17
Bibliography .18
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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electrotechnical standardization.
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
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Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 27, Solid mineral fuels, Subcommittee SC 4,
Sampling.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13909-3:2001), which has been
technically revised.
ISO 13909 consists of the following parts, under the general title Hard coal and coke — Mechanical
sampling:
— Part 1: General introduction
— Part 2: Coal — Sampling from moving streams
— Part 3: Coal — Sampling from stationary lots
— Part 4: Coal — Preparation of test samples
— Part 5: Coke — Sampling from moving streams
— Part 6: Coke — Preparation of test samples
— Part 7: Methods for determining the precision of sampling, sample preparation and testing
— Part 8: Methods of testing for bias
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13909-3:2016(E)
Hard coal and coke — Mechanical sampling —
Part 3:
Coal — Sampling from stationary lots
1 Scope
This part of ISO 13909 specifies procedures for the mechanical sampling of coal from stationary lots,
for example, from wagons, barges, ships and stockpiles. These procedures are to be used when it is
not possible to sample the lots during loading or discharge according to ISO 13909-2. Procedures for
sample preparation are given in ISO 13909-4.
This part of ISO 13909 is applicable to mechanical sampling from stationary coal lots, to obtain samples
from which test samples for the determination of moisture, and for general analysis including physical
and chemical tests, can be prepared in accordance with the requirements and recommendations set out
in ISO 13909-4.
In this part of ISO 13909, the principles and procedures for designing a sampling scheme are given,
together with typical examples of applications; in addition, practices for the execution of sampling in
different sampling situations are described. The methods described are limited to those on which it is
possible to conduct a test for bias.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document
and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13909-1, Hard coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 1: General introduction
ISO 13909-2, Hard coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 2: Coal — Sampling from moving streams
ISO 13909-4, Hard coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 4: Coal — Preparation of test samples
ISO 13909-7, Hard coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 7: Methods for determining the precision
of sampling, sample preparation and testing
ISO 13909-8, Hard coal and coke — Mechanical sampling — Part 8: Methods of testing for bias
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13909-1 apply.
4 Establishing a sampling scheme
4.1 General
The general procedure for establishing a sampling scheme is as follows.
a) Define the quality parameters to be determined and the types of samples required.
b) Define the lot.
c) Define or assume the precision required (see 4.3.1).
d) Determine the method of combining the increments into samples and the method of sample
preparation (see ISO 13909-4).
e) Determine or assume the variability of the coal (see 4.3.2) and the variance of preparation and
testing (see 4.3.3). Methods for determining variability and variance of preparation and testing are
given in ISO 13909-7.
f) Establish the number of sub-lots and the number of increments per sub-lot required to attain the
desired precision (see 4.3.4).
g) Decide upon the sampling interval, in tonnes.
h) Ascertain the nominal top size of coal for the purpose of determining the minimum mass of sample
(see 4.4 and Table 1).
The nominal top size may initially be ascertained by consulting the consignment details, or by
visual estimation, and may be verified, if necessary, by preliminary test work.
i) Determine the minimum average increment mass (see 4.5).
4.2 Design of the sampling scheme
4.2.1 Material to be sampled
The first stage in the design of the scheme is to identify the coal to be sampled. Samples may be
required for technical evaluation, process control, quality control and for commercial reasons by both
the producer and the custo
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