ISO 22948:2020

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22948
First edition
2020-12
Carbon footprint for seafood —
Product category rules (CFP–PCR) for
finfish
Empreinte carbone des fruits de mer — Règles de définition des
catégories de produit (CFP–PCR) pour les poissons
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
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ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Quantification of the carbon footprint of a product. 2
3.2 Products, product systems and processes . 2
3.3 Data and data quality. 5
3.4 Greenhouse gases . 5
3.5 Waste, storage and transport . 6
4 Calculation and communication requirements . 6
5 Methodological requirements . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Functional unit or declared unit . 7
5.3 Principles of data and methodological reporting . 7
5.4 Impact assessment . 8
5.5 System boundaries . 8
5.5.1 General. 8
5.5.2 The cut-off criterion: General rule for what can be excluded from the
carbon footprint . 9
5.5.3 General processes that can be excluded . 9
5.5.4 System boundaries for waste . 9
5.5.5 Use of recycled or recovered materials .10
5.5.6 Capital investments .10
5.5.7 System boundaries for fishing .10
5.5.8 System boundaries for feed production .11
5.5.9 System boundaries for products from aquaculture .12
5.5.10 System boundaries for processing .12
5.5.11 System boundaries for distribution to dealers .13
5.5.12 System boundary for final consumption .14
5.6 Data requirements .14
5.6.1 General.14
5.6.2 Rules for data sampling.15
5.6.3 Data on electricity .15
5.6.4 Data on fuel .15
5.6.5 Geographical delimitation .15
5.6.6 Time delimitation .15
5.6.7 Validation of data .15
5.6.8 Transport calculation rules.16
5.7 Allocation .16
5.8 Impact assessment .16
5.9 Interpretation .17
5.10 Fossil and biogenic carbon .17
5.11 Land use change .17
5.12 Land use .17
5.13 Carbon sequestration .17
5.14 Communication of carbon footprints for finfish .17
5.14.1 General.17
5.14.2 Details about the producer .17
Annex A (informative) Example of data collection in the calculation of the carbon footprint
of finfish products from aquaculture and fisheries .19
Annex B (informative) Example of mass allocation for salmon co-product processing .21
Annex C (informative) Example of LCA seabass value-chain modelling .22
Annex D (informative) Example of LCA fish meal value-chain modelling .24
Annex E (informative) Example of LCA fish oil value-chain modelling for human consumption .25
Bibliography .27
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

Foreword
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different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
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iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 234, Fisheries and aquaculture.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
Introduction
This document contains product category rules for the calculation and communication of the carbon
footprint of finfish products. The CFP–PCR (carbon footprint of products – product category rules) is as
defined in ISO 14067:2018.
This document sets out rules for the calculation and communication of the carbon footprint of
finfish products. The overarching aim of the document is to provide a basis for reliable and accurate
information about the climate impact of the product. It is a pre-condition for a market-driven reduction
of climate impact of finfish products that dealers and consumers are able to choose the products with
the least climate impact. In addition to this, the document will provide:
— a basis for the development of tools and databases for calculating the carbon footprint of finfish
products;
— a basis for internal improvement efforts in the finfish industry;
— an improved knowledge base concerning the value chains of finfish products, their resource
consumption and climate impacts;
— a basis for further understanding the environmental impact of finfish products beyond climate
change alone.
This document is intended to function in line with ordinary market mechanisms. Providing credible
and transparent information about the products’ climate impact will pave the way for increased
demand and market value of the most climate-friendly finfish products. It will also provide incentives
to drive further improvements and reduce energy
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