ISO 21077:2021

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21077
Second edition
2021-06
Space data and information transfer
systems — Digital motion imagery
Données spatiales et systèmes de transfert d'information - Imagerie
du mouvement numérique
Reference number
©
ISO 2021
© ISO 2021
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Foreword
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matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of ISO documents should be noted (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details
of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction
and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
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www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) (as
CCSDS 766.1-B-2, August 2016) and drafted in accordance with its editorial rules. It was assigned to
Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 13, Space data and information
transfer systems and adopted under the “fast-track procedure”.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 21077:2016), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— adds support for MPEG4 recording and JPEG2000 transmission.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR DIGITAL MOTION IMAGERY
CONTENTS
Section Page
1 INTRODUCTION . 1-1

1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE . 1-1
1.2 APPLICABILITY . 1-1
1.3 NOMENCLATURE . 1-1
1.4 REFERENCES . 1-2

2 OVERVIEW . 2-1

3 SPECIFICATION . 3-1

3.1 OVERVIEW . 3-1
3.2 GENERAL . 3-1
3.3 INTERFACE STANDARDS . 3-1
3.4 VIDEO FORMAT AND CHARACTERISTICS . 3-3
3.5 AUDIO . 3-11
3.6 REAL-TIME VIDEO ENCAPSULATION AND TRANSMISSION . 3-11
3.7 RECORDED VIDEO AND AUDIO . 3-12
3.8 DISTRIBUTION OF VIDEO DATA . 3-13

ANNEX A PROTOCOL IMPLEMENTATION CONFORMANCE
STATEMENT (PICS) PROFORMA (NORMATIVE) . A-1
ANNEX B SECURITY, SANA, AND PATENT CONSIDERATIONS
(INFORMATIVE) .B-1
ANNEX C DTN BUNDLE PROTOCOL FOR VIDEO TRANSMISSION
(INFORMATIVE) . C-1
ANNEX D INFORMATIVE REFERENCES (INFORMATIVE) . D-1
ANNEX E ABBREVIATIONS (INFORMATIVE) .E-1
Figure
3-1 Video System Elements—Non-Compressed Video Design . 3-10
3-2 Video System Elements—Compressed Video Design . 3-10

CCSDS 766.1-B-2 Page vi August 2016
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR DIGITAL MOTION IMAGERY
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
The purpose of this document is to provide a common reference and framework of standards
for digital motion video and imagery, and to provide recommendations for utilization of
international standards for sharing or distributing motion video and imagery between
spacecraft elements and ground systems.
The scope of this document includes traditional real-time streaming video and television,
including human and robotic spacecraft-to-spacecraft and spacecraft-to-ground systems, as well
as video recorded and distributed later, either as a real-time stream or as a file transfer. In this
context, real-time streaming includes all modes where video is sent from a spacecraft in a
continuous stream and is intended for immediate use when received, regardless of the latency
of the transmission path. Other specialized motion imagery applications, such as high-speed
scientific motion imagery and multi-spectral motion imagery, are not addressed in this
document. However, if a specialized imagery camera system has a requirement to interface to
spacecraft systems in a video mode, it would be required to match these interfaces.
Ground-systems-to-ground-systems video distribution is obviously a key component of the
entire video system. However, this is not the primary focus of this document. Currently,
there are significant differences in the ways mission video products are exchanged between
the various space agencies on the ground. This is the result of differences in network
topologies between space agencies, and agreements for video sharing. Those differences
preclude there being a standard methodology for delivering video imagery between agencies.
Prior to the commencement of video transmission between space agencies, system design
reviews and performance testing should be done between the ground systems in use to assure
operability when video imagery comes from spacecraft.
1.2 APPLICABILITY
This document is a CCSDS Recommended Standard. It is intended for all missions that
produce, consume, or transcode video imagery from low-bandwidth video such as web
streaming through high-bandwidth video such as high-definition television imagery.
1.3 NOMENCLATURE
1.3.1 NORMATIVE TEXT
The following conventions apply for the normative specifications in this Recommended
Standard:
a) the words ‘shall’ and ‘must’ imply a binding and verifiable specification;
b) the word ‘should’ implies an optional, but desirable, specification;
c) the word ‘may’ implies an optional specification;
CCSDS 766.1-B-2 Page 1-1 August 2016
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR DIGITAL MOTION IMAGERY
d) the words ‘is’, ‘are’, and ‘will’ imply statements of fact.
NOTE – These conventions do not imply constraints on diction in text that is clearly
informative in nature.
1.3.2 INFORMATIVE TEXT
In the normative sections of this document, informative text is set off from the normative
specifications either in notes or under one of the following subsection headings:
– Overview;
– Background;
– Rationale;
– Discussion.
1.4 REFERENCES
The following publications contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this document. At the time of publication, the editions indicated
were valid. All publications are subject to revision, and users of this document are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the
publications indicated below. The CCSDS Secretariat maintains a register of currently valid
CCSDS publications.
[1] Studio Encoding Parameters of Digital Television for Standard 4:3 and Wide Screen
16:9 Aspect Ratios. ITU-R BT.601-7. Geneva: ITU, 2011.
[2] Television—SDTV Digital Signal/Data—Serial Digital Interface. SMPTE ST
259:2008. White Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2008.
[3] Digital Interfaces for HDTV Studio Signals. ITU-R BT.1120-8. Geneva: ITU, 2012.
[4] 1.5 Gb/s Signal/Data Serial Interface. SMPTE ST 292-1:2012. White Plains, New
York: SMPTE, 2012.
[5] High-Definition Multimedia Interface Specification. Version 1.4. Sunnyvale,
California: HDMI Licensing, LLC, 2009.
[6] Electrical Characteristics of Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) Interface
Circuits. Revision A. TIA/EIA-644-A. Arlington, Virginia: TIA, February 2001.
[7] Serial Digital Interface-Based Transport Interface for Compressed Television Signals
in Networked Television Production Based on Recommendation ITU-R BT.1120. ITU-
R BT.1577. Geneva: ITU, 2002.
CCSDS 766.1-B-2 Page 1-2 August 2016
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR DIGITAL MOTION IMAGERY
[8] Television—Serial Data Transport Interface (SDTI). SMPTE ST 305:2005. White
Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2005.
[9] Teletext Systems. ITU-R BT.653-3. Geneva: ITU, 1998.
[10] Television—Time and Control Code. SMPTE ST 12-1:2008. White Plains, New York:
SMPTE, 2008.
[11] Television—Transmission of Time Code in the Ancillary Data Space. SMPTE ST 12-
2:2008. White Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2008.
[12] Ancillary Data Packet and Space Formatting. SMPTE ST 291:2011. White Plains,
New York: SMPTE, 2011.
[13] Vertical Ancillary Data Mapping of Caption Data and Other Related Data. SMPTE
ST 334-1:2007. White Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2007.
[14] Metadata Element Dictionary Structure. SMPTE ST 335:2012. White Plains, New
York: SMPTE, 2012.
[15] Metadata Dictionary Registry of Metadata Element Descriptions. SMPTE RP
210.10:2007. White Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2007.
[16] Ultra High Definition Television—Mapping into Single-link or Multi-link 10 Gb/s
Serial Signal/Data Interface. SMPTE ST 2036-3:2010. White Plains, New York:
SMPTE, 2010.
[17] 1280×720, 16:9 Progressively-Captured Image Format for Production and
International Programme Exchange in the 60 Hz Environment. ITU-R BT.1543.
Geneva: ITU, 2001.
[18] 1280 x 720 Progressive Image 4:2:2 and 4:4:4 Sample Structure—Analog and Digital
Representation and Analog Interface. SMPTE ST 296:2012. White Plains, New York:
SMPTE, 2012.
[19] Parameter Values for the HDTV Standards for Production and International
Programme Exchange. ITU-R BT.709-5. Geneva: ITU, 2002.
[20] Television—1920 x 1080 Image Sample Structure, Digital Representation and Digital
Timing Reference Sequences for Multiple Picture Rates. SMPTE ST 274:2008. White
Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2008.
[21] Dual Link 1.5 Gb/s Digital Interface for 1920 x 1080 and 2048 x 1080 Picture Frames.
SMPTE ST 372:2011. White Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2011.
[22] Television—3 Gb/s Signal/Data Serial Interface. SMPTE ST 424:2006. White Plains,
New York: SMPTE, 2006.
CCSDS 766.1-B-2 Page 1-3 August 2016
CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR DIGITAL MOTION IMAGERY
[23] Ultra High Definition Television—Image Parameter Values for Program Production.
SMPTE ST 2036-1:2009. White Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2009.
[24] Ultra High Definition Television—Audio Characteristics and Audio Channel Mapping for
Program Production. SMPTE ST 2036-2-2008. White Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2008.
[25] 2048 × 1080 and 4096 × 2160 Digital Cinematography Production Image Formats
FS/709. SMPTE ST 2048-1:2011. White Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2011.
[26] 2048 × 1080 Digital Cinematography Production Image FS/709 Formatting for Serial
Digital Interface. SMPTE ST 2048-2:2011. White Plains, New York: SMPTE, 2011.
[27] Parameter Values for Ultra-High Definition Television Systems for Production and
International Programme Exchange. ITU-R BT.2020-1. Geneva: ITU, 2014.
[28] Information Technology—Coding of Audio-Visual Objects—Part 10: Advanced Video
Coding. 8th ed. International Standard, ISO/IEC 14496-10:2014. Geneva: ISO, 2014.
[29] Advanced Video Coding for Generic Audiovisual Services. ITU-T H.264. Geneva:
ITU, 2012.
[30] Data Services in Digital Television Broadcasting. ITU-R BT.1301-1. Geneva: ITU, 2011.
[31] Interface for Digital Component Video Signals in 525-Line and 625-Line Television
Systems Operating at the 4:2:2 Level of Recommendation ITU-R B
...