ISO/FDIS 18243

ISO/TC 22/SC 38/WG 2
Secretariat: UNI
Date: 2025-MM-DD08
Electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles — Test
specificationspecifications and safety requirements for lithium-ion
battery systemsystems
Cyclomoteurs et motocycles à propulsion électrique — Spécifications d'essai et exigences de sécurité pour les
systèmes de batterie au lithium-ion
FDIS stage
ISO/DISFDIS 18243:2024(E2025(en)
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ii
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 6
4.1 Symbols . 6
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 7
5 Technical requirements . 7
5.1 General safety requirements . 7
5.2 Testing of general safety requirements . 8
5.3 Mechanical requirements . 8
5.4 Climatic requirements . 8
5.5 Simulated accident requirements . 9
5.6 Electrical requirements . 10
5.7 Functional requirements . 11
6 General test methods . 12
6.1 General conditions . 12
6.2 Measurement accuracy . 12
6.3 DUT requirements and preparation of the DUT for testing . 13
6.4 Test sequence plan . 14
6.5 Tests . 14
6.6 Preconditioning cycles . 16
6.7 Standard cycle (SC) . 17
7 Safety test procedures . 17
7.1 Mechanical tests . 17
7.2 Climatic tests . 18
7.3 Simulated accident tests . 22
7.4 Electrical test . 24
7.5 Functional tests . 24
8 Performance test methods . 27
8.1 Energy and capacity at RT . 27
8.2 Energy and capacity at different temperature and discharge rates . 29
8.3 Power and internal resistance . 32
8.4 No load SOC loss . 41
8.5 SOC loss at storage . 43
8.6 Cycle life . 45
8.7 Cycle life specific test (optional) . 49
Annex A (informative) Battery pack and system . 50
Annex B (normative) Description of the screen referenced in 7.3.2 . 57
Annex C (informative) Example of the cycle life specific test. 59
Bibliography . 60

iii
ISO/DISFDIS 18243:2024(E2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 38,
Motorcycles and mopeds.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 18243:2017), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Amendment(s) ISO 18243:2017/Amd 1:2020.
The main changes are as follows:
— — Newnew safety requirement of undertemperature condition;
— — Newnew safety requirement of overcurrent protection;
— — Alignmentalignment with ISO 6469-1 and ISO 12405-4;.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
Lithium-ion based battery systems are an efficient alternative energy storage system for electrically propelled
mopeds and motorcycles. The requirements for lithium-ion based battery systems to be used as power source
for the propulsion of electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles are significantly different to those
batteries used for consumer electronics or stationary usage.
This document provides specific test procedures for lithium-ion battery packs and systems specifically
developed for propulsion of mopeds and motorcycles. This document specifies such tests and related
requirements to ensure that a battery pack or system is able to meet the specific needs of the mopeds and
motorcycles industry.
It enables mopeds and motorcycles manufacturers to choose test procedures to evaluate the characteristics
of a battery pack or system for their specific requirements.
v
DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 18243:2025(en)

Electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles — Test
specificationspecifications and safety requirements for
Lithiumlithium-ion battery systemsystems
1 Scope
This document specifies the test procedures for lithium-ion battery packs and systems used in electrically
propelled mopeds and motorcycles.
The specified test procedures enable the user of this document to determine the essential characteristics on
performance and safety of lithium-ion battery packs and systems. The userIt is also supportedpossible to
compare the test results achieved for different battery packs or systems.
This document enables setting up a dedicated test plan for an individual battery pack or system subject to an
agreement between customer and supplier. If required, the relevant test procedures and/or test conditions of
lithium-ion battery packs and systems are selected from the standard tests provided in this document to
configure a dedicated test plan.
NOTE 1 Electrically power-assisted cycles (EPAC) cannot be considered as mopeds. The definition of electrically
power-assisted cycles can differ from country to country. An example of definition can be found in Reference [0the
REGULATION (EU) No 168/2013].
NOTE 2 Testing on cell level is specified in the IEC 62660 (all parts).series.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13063--3, Electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles — Safety specifications — Part 3: Electrical safety
ISO 16750--1, Road vehicles — Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment —
Part 1: General
ISO 20653, Road vehicles — Degrees of protection (IP code) — Protection of electrical equipment against foreign
objects, water and access
IEC 60068-2-30, Environmental testing — Part 2-30: Tests – Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle)
IEC 60068--2-47, Environmental testing — Part 2-47: Tests – Mounting of specimens for vibration, impact and
similar dynamic tests
IEC 60068--2-52, Environmental testing — Part 2-52: Tests – Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium, chloride
solution).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO/DISFDIS 18243:2024(E2025(en)
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 3.1
battery control unit
BCU
electronic device that controls, manages, detects, or calculates electric and thermal fu
...