ISO 6420:2016
(Main)Hydrometry — Position fixing equipment for hydrometric boats
Hydrometry — Position fixing equipment for hydrometric boats
ISO 6420:2016 specifies methods of determining the position of hydrometric boats based on satellite navigation systems and/or with respect to known points on the banks of rivers, estuaries or lakes. It applies to electronic positioning equipment and conventional surveying techniques.
Hydrométrie — Système de positionnement pour embarcation hydrométriques
ISO 6420:2016 spécifie les méthodes employées pour déterminer la position d'embarcations hydrométriques sur la base de systèmes de navigation par satellite et/ou par rapport à des points connus sur les rives de rivières, d'estuaires ou de lacs. Il s'applique aux équipements de positionnement électroniques et aux techniques de levés classiques.
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Standards Content (Sample)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 6420
ISO/TC 113/SC 5 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2015-11-19 2016-02-19
Hydrometry — Position fixing equipment for
hydrometric boats
Mesure de débit des liquides dans les canaux découverts — Équipement de localisation de bateaux
hydrométriques
ICS: 17.120.20
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 6420:2015(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2015
ISO/DIS 6420:2015(E)
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 6420
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
Hydrometry — Position fixing equipment for hydrometric boats . 1
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements for position fixing . 1
5 Position fixing equipment for streamgauging and sediment sampling . 1
5.1 General . 1
5.2 Tapes and tag Lines . 1
5.3 Global navigation satellite systems. 2
5.3.1 General . 2
5.3.2 Hydrometric application . 2
5.3.3 System specifications . 2
5.4 Targets and electronic distance measuring equipment . 3
5.4.1 General . 3
5.4.2 Targets . 3
5.4.3 Electronic distance measuring devices . 3
5.5 Electronic survey instruments . 3
5.6 Theodolites . 4
5.6.1 Theodolites and stadia . 4
5.6.2 Angular technique . 4
6 Position fixing equipment for morphological surveys . 4
6.1 General . 4
6.2 Global navigation satellite systems. 4
6.3 Electronic surveying instruments . 4
6.4 Theodolites and stadia rods . 5
7 Uncertainty . 5
7.1 Definition of uncertainty . 5
7.2 Uncertainty of position fixing for streamgauging and sediment sampling . 5
7.2.1 General . 5
7.2.2 Tag Lines . 5
7.2.3 Global navigation satellite systems. 6
7.2.4 Targets and distance measuring devices . 6
7.2.5 Electronic surveying instruments . 6
7.2.6 Theodolites . 6
7.3 Uncertainty of position fixing for morphological surveys . 7
7.3.1 General . 7
7.3.2 Global navigation satellite systems. 7
7.3.3 Electronic surveying instruments . 7
7.3.4 Triangulation method using theodolites . 7
Annex A (Informative) . 9
A.1 General . 9
A.2 Uncertainty about the length of a tag line and interpolating the distance between
markings . 9
A.3 Uncertainty resulting from cross section not being normal to the flow . 9
A.4 Uncertainty of GNSS positioning . 9
A.5 Uncertainty of EDMs . 10
A.6 Uncertainty of position because of boat drift . 10
Bibliography . 10
ISO/DIS 6420
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in
the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO
documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC
Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights
identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent
declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute
an endorsement.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
ISO 6420 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 113, Hydrometry, Subcommittee SC 5, Instruments,
equipment and data management.
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
ISO/DIS 6420
Introduction
The necessity of positioning hydrometric boats arises in several types of measurements on open channels or
lakes, reservoirs and estuaries. First, it is necessary to position a boat on a measuring section in order to
conduct the appropriate observations of velocity and depth for a discharge measurement. Position fixing also
is required for collecting suspended sediment and bedload samples at appropriate verticals on a river cross
section. Similarly, positioning of a boat is needed for morphological surveys and sediment sampling of lakes,
reservoirs and estuaries.
This standard provides information for positioning hydrometric boats with various methods ranging from
standard surveying equipment to navigation systems employing signals from the constellation of satellites.
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 6420
Hydrometry — Position fixing equipment for hydrometric boats
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies methods of determining the position of hydrometric boats based on satellite
navigation systems and/or with respect to known points on the banks of rivers, estuaries or lakes. It applies to
electronic positioning equipment and conventional surveying techniques.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable
for its application.
ISO 748, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels using current meters and floats
ISO 772, Hydrometry – Vocabulary and symbols
ISO/TS 25377, Hydrometric uncertainty guidance
ISO/TR 24578, Hydrometry – Acoustic Doppler Profiler – Method and application for the measurement of flow
in open channels
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 772 apply.
4 Requirements for position fixing
The necessity of using position fixing equipment arises in two types of measurements on open channels or
lakes, reservoirs and estuaries. First, it is necessary to position a boat on a measuring section in order to
conduct the appropriate observations of velocity and depth for a discharge measurement (see ISO 748). The
use of acoustic Doppler current profilers for making discharge measurements (see ISO ISO/TR 24578) has
largely diminished the need for position fixing equipment for hydrometric boats when making discharge
measurements. However, there are still some types of measurements when verticals on a cross section must
be positioned for velocity and depth determinations. Position fixing also is required for collecting suspended
sediment and bedload samples at appropriate verticals.
The second type of measurements requiring position fixing are morphological surveys of lakes, reservoirs and
estuaries. Position fixing is required to determine the positions at which depth observations and bottom samples
are obtained.
5 Position fixing equipment for streamgauging and sediment sampling
5.1 General
There are different types of position-fixing equipment. This clause will describe the following: measuring tapes,
tag lines, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), a combination of targets and electronic distance
measuring equipment, electronic surveying equipment, and theodolites and stadia rods.
5.2 Tapes and tag Lines
Tapes and tag lines are the most frequently used means for width measurements when measuring rivers by
ths
boat or wading. Steel measuring tapes with markings at meters and 10 of meters a
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 6420
Second edition
2016-10-01
Hydrometry — Position fixing
equipment for hydrometric boats
Hydrométrie — Système de positionnement pour embarcation
hydrométriques
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements for position fixing . 1
5 Position fixing equipment for streamgauging and sediment sampling .1
5.1 General . 1
5.2 Tapes and tag lines. 2
5.3 Global navigation satellite systems . 2
5.3.1 General. 2
5.3.2 Hydrometric application . 3
5.3.3 System specifications . 3
5.4 Targets and electronic distance measuring equipment . 3
5.4.1 General. 3
5.4.2 Targets . 3
5.4.3 Electronic distance measuring devices . 3
5.5 Electronic survey instruments . 4
5.6 Theodolites . 4
5.6.1 Theodolites and stadia . . 4
5.6.2 Angular technique . 4
6 Position fixing equipment for morphological surveys . 5
6.1 General . 5
6.2 Global navigation satellite systems . 5
6.3 Electronic surveying instruments . 5
6.4 Theodolites and stadia rods . 6
7 Uncertainty . 6
7.1 Definition of uncertainty . 6
7.2 Uncertainty of position fixing for streamgauging and sediment sampling . 7
7.2.1 General. 7
7.2.2 Tag lines . 7
7.2.3 Global navigation satellite systems . 7
7.2.4 Targets and distance measuring devices . 8
7.2.5 Electronic surveying instruments . 8
7.2.6 Theodolites . 8
7.3 Uncertainty of position fixing for morphological surveys . 8
7.3.1 General. 8
7.3.2 Global navigation satellite systems . 9
7.3.3 Electronic surveying instruments . 9
7.3.4 Triangulation method using theodolites . 9
Annex A (informative) Evaluation of uncertainty components .10
Bibliography .12
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html .
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 113, Hydrometry,
Subcommittee SC 5, Instruments, equipment and data management.
This second edition of ISO 6420 cancels and replaces ISO 6420:1984, which has been technically revised.
The following major changes have been made:
— information on the use of global navigation satellite systems has been added;
— the former Annexes A and B have been removed;
— the treatment of uncertainty has been expanded and aligned with ISO/TS 25377.
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The necessity of positioning hydrometric boats arises in several types of measurements on open
channels or lakes, reservoirs and estuaries. First, it is necessary to position a boat on a measuring section
in order to conduct the appropriate observations of velocity and depth for a discharge measurement.
Position fixing also is required for collecting suspended sediment and bedload samples at appropriate
verticals on a river cross section. Similarly, positioning of a boat is needed for morphological surveys
and sediment sampling of lakes, reservoirs and estuaries.
This document provides information for positioning hydrometric boats with various methods ranging
from standard surveying equipment to navigation systems employing signals from the constellation of
satellites.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6420:2016(E)
Hydrometry — Position fixing equipment for
hydrometric boats
1 Scope
This document specifies methods of determining the position of hydrometric boats based on satellite
navigation systems and/or with respect to known points on the banks of rivers, estuaries or lakes. It
applies to electronic positioning equipment and conventional surveying techniques.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 748, Hydrometry — Measurement of liquid flow in open channels using current-meters or floats
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 772 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
4 Requirements for position fixing
The necessity of using position fixing equipment arises in two types of measurements on open channels
or lakes, reservoirs and estuaries.
First, it is necessary to position a boat on a measuring section in order to conduct the appropriate
observations of velocity and depth for a discharge measurement (as specified in ISO 748). The use of
acoustic Doppler current profilers for making discharge measurements (see ISO/TR 24578) has largely
diminished the need for position fixing equipment for hydrometric boats when making discharge
measurements. However, there are still some types of measurements when verticals on a cross section
have to be positioned for velocity and depth determinations. Position fixing also is required for
collecting suspended sediment and bedload samples at appropriate verticals.
The second type of measurements requiring position fixing are morphological surveys of lakes,
reservoirs and estuaries. Position fixing is required to determine the positions at which depth
observations and bottom samples are obtained.
5 Position fixing equipment for streamgauging and sediment sampling
5.1 General
There are different types of position-fixing equipment. This clause describes the following: measuring
tapes, tag lines, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), a combination of targets and electronic
distance measuring equipment, electronic surveying equipment, and theodolites and stadia rods.
---------------------
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 6420
Deuxième édition
2016-10-01
Hydrométrie — Système de
positionnement pour embarcation
hydrométriques
Hydrometry — Position fixing equipment for hydrometric boats
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2016
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2016, Publié en Suisse
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée
sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie, l’affichage sur
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l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
Introduction .v
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Exigences relatives à la localisation . 1
5 Équipement de localisation pour le jaugeage et l’échantillonnage de sédiments .2
5.1 Généralités . 2
5.2 Rubans et câbles gradués . 2
5.3 Systèmes globaux de navigation par satellites . 2
5.3.1 Généralités . 2
5.3.2 Application hydrométrique . 3
5.3.3 Spécifications du système . 3
5.4 Cibles et équipement électronique de mesure de distance . 4
5.4.1 Généralités . 4
5.4.2 Cibles . 4
5.4.3 Dispositifs électroniques de mesure de distance . 4
5.5 Instruments de levé électroniques . 4
5.6 Théodolites . 5
5.6.1 Théodolites et mire . 5
5.6.2 Technique angulaire . . 5
6 Équipement de localisation pour levés morphologiques . 6
6.1 Généralités . 6
6.2 Systèmes globaux de navigation par satellites . 6
6.3 Instruments de levé électroniques . 6
6.4 Théodolites et mires . 6
7 Incertitude . 7
7.1 Définition de l’incertitude . 7
7.2 Incertitude de localisation pour le jaugeage et l’échantillonnage de sédiments . 7
7.2.1 Généralités . 7
7.2.2 Câbles gradués . 8
7.2.3 Systèmes globaux de navigation par satellites . 8
7.2.4 Cibles et dispositifs de mesure de distance . 8
7.2.5 Instruments de levé électroniques . 9
7.2.6 Théodolites . 9
7.3 Incertitude de localisation pour les levés morphologiques . 9
7.3.1 Généralités . 9
7.3.2 Systèmes globaux de navigation par satellites . 9
7.3.3 Instruments de levé électroniques .10
7.3.4 Méthode de triangulation utilisant des théodolites .10
Annexe A (informative) Évaluation des composantes d’incertitude .11
Bibliographie .13
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www.
iso.org/directives).
L’attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l’ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion
de l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: www.iso.org/iso/fr/avant-propos.html
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 113, Hydrométrie, Sous-comité SC 5,
Instruments, équipement et gestion des données.
Cette deuxième édition de l’ISO 6420 annule et remplace l’ISO 6420:1984, qui a fait l’objet d’une révision
technique. Les modifications majeures apportées sont les suivantes:
— des informations concernant l’utilisation de systèmes globaux de navigation par satellites ont été
ajoutées;
— les anciennes Annexes A et B ont été supprimées;
— le traitement de l’incertitude a été développé et aligné sur l’ISO/TS 25377.
iv © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés
Introduction
La nécessité de positionner les embarcations hydrométriques existe pour plusieurs types de mesurages
sur des chenaux ouverts ou des lacs, des réservoirs et des estuaires. Il est tout d’abord nécessaire de
déterminer la position d’un bateau sur une section de mesurage afin de pouvoir mener les observations
appropriées de vitesse et de profondeur pour un mesurage de débit. La localisation est également
requise pour collecter des sédiments en suspension et des échantillons de charriage aux verticales
appropriées sur la section transversale d’une rivière. De la même façon, le positionnement d’un bateau
est nécessaire pour les levés morphologiques et l’échantillonnage de sédiments de lacs, de réservoirs et
d’estuaires.
Le présent document donne des informations pour le positionnement d’embarcations hydrométriques
au moyen de diverses méthodes allant de l’équipement de levé classique aux systèmes de navigation
utilisant les signaux de constellations de satellites.
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 6420:2016(F)
Hydrométrie — Système de positionnement pour
embarcation hydrométriques
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document spécifie les méthodes employées pour déterminer la position d’embarcations
hydrométriques sur la base de systèmes de navigation par satellite et/ou par rapport à des points
connus sur les rives de rivières, d’estuaires ou de lacs. Il s’applique aux équipements de positionnement
électroniques et aux techniques de levés classiques.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants cités dans le texte constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur contenu, des
exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique. Pour les
références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s’applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
ISO 748, Hydrométrie — Mesurage du débit des liquides dans les canaux découverts au moyen de moulinets
ou de flotteurs.
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions de l’ISO 772 s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http://www.iso.org/obp.
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse http://www.electropedia.org/.
4 Exigences relatives à la localisation
L’utilisation d’un équipement de localisation s’impose dans deux types de mesurage de chenaux ouverts
ou de lacs, réservoirs et estuaires.
Il est tout d’abord nécessaire de déterminer la position d’un bateau sur une section de mesurage
afin de pouvoir mener les observations appropriées de vitesse et de profondeur pour un mesurage
de débit (comme spécifié dans l’ISO 748). L’utilisation de profileurs de courant à effet Doppler pour
réaliser les mesurages de débit (voir l’ISO/TR 24578) a fortement réduit l’utilisation d’équipements de
localisation des embarcations hydrométriques pour réaliser les mesurages du débit. Certains types de
mesurage existent toutefois encore, pour lesquels les verticales sur une section transversale doivent
être positionnées pour la détermination de la
...
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