ISO 12345:2021

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12345
Third edition
2021-06
Diesel engines — Cleanliness
assessment of fuel injection
equipment
Moteurs diesels — Évaluation de propreté pour équipement
d'injection de combustible
Reference number
©
ISO 2021
© ISO 2021
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ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test apparatus . 2
4.1 Pressure source . 2
4.1.1 Fuel injection pump test bench . 2
4.1.2 Hand-lever-operated testing and setting apparatus . 2
4.1.3 High-pressure pulsating flow rig . 2
4.1.4 Verification low-pressure pump . 2
4.1.5 Verification high-pressure delivery pump . 3
4.1.6 Pressure vessel . 3
4.1.7 Flushing pump . 3
4.2 Verification high-pressure pipe assembly . 3
4.3 Verification test injector. 3
4.4 Collecting vessel . 3
4.5 Verification rail . 3
4.6 Equipment for contamination measurement . 3
4.6.1 Gravimetric analysis apparatus. 4
4.6.2 Microscopic analysis apparatus . 5
4.7 Test fluid . 5
4.7.1 Calibration fluid . 5
4.7.2 Solvent, aliphatic hydrocarbon . 5
4.7.3 Water, de-mineralised . 6
4.8 Clean-up filter . 6
4.9 Pressure gauge . 6
5 Procedure. 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 High-pressure supply pumps (common rail fuel injection system) . 7
5.2.1 General. 7
5.2.2 Dynamic test with the test pump running . 7
5.2.3 Flushing test at low speed with the test pump running by hand . 8
5.3 Unit injectors . 8
5.3.1 General. 8
5.3.2 Equipment set up and verification of cleanliness . 8
5.3.3 Test procedure . 9
5.4 Fuel injection pumps . 9
5.4.1 General. 9
5.4.2 Equipment set up and verification of cleanliness . 9
5.4.3 Test procedure . 9
5.5 CR fuel injectors .10
5.5.1 General.10
5.5.2 Dynamic test .10
5.5.3 Continuous high-pressure flow test .11
5.6 Fuel injectors (nozzle holder assemblies) .12
5.6.1 General.12
5.6.2 Dynamic test .12
5.6.3 Syringe test (washing out injectors) .12
5.7 High-pressure fuel injection pipes .13
5.7.1 General.13
5.7.2 Dynamic test .13
5.7.3 High-pressure flushing test .14
5.7.4 Syringe (solvent dispenser) or hand flush test .14
5.8 Rails .15
5.8.1 General.15
5.8.2 Pressure vessel flushing test.15
5.8.3 Low-pressure flushing test .16
5.8.4 Syringe or hand flush test .18
5.9 Low-pressure systems .18
5.9.1 General.18
5.9.2 Equipment set up and verification of cleanliness .18
5.9.3 Test procedure .19
6 Sample analysis .19
6.1 General .19
6.2 Gravimetric analysis .19
6.3 Particle size distribution .19
7 Reporting of the inspection results .20
8 Designation of cleanliness requirements .20
Annex A (normative) Typical test equipment for measuring fuel injection equipment
cleanliness .21
Annex B (normative) Rail low-pressure flushing test .27
Annex C (normative) Procedure for verifying test equipment initial cleanliness .29
Annex D (normative) Determination of flushing parameters for rail pressure vessel
flushing test .32
Annex E (informative) Comparison of CCC (component cleanliness code, ISO 16232) to
FIECC (fuel injection equipment cleanliness code, ISO 12345:2013) .
...