ISO 19694-3:2023

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19694-3
First edition
2023-03
Stationary source emissions —
Determination of greenhouse gas
emissions in energy-intensive
industries —
Part 3:
Cement industry
Émissions de sources fixes — Détermination des émissions de gaz à
effet de serre dans les industries énergo-intensives —
Partie 3: Industrie du ciment
Reference number
© ISO 2023
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms.5
5 Determination of GHGs . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Major GHG in cement . 6
5.3 Determination by stack emission measurements . 7
5.4 Determination based on mass balance . 7
5.5 Gross and net emissions . 7
5.5.1 General . 7
5.5.2 Gross emissions . 9
5.5.3 Other indirect GHG emission reductions — Utilization of waste heat . 10
6 GHG inventory boundaries .12
6.1 General .12
6.2 Reporting boundaries .12
6.3 Organizational boundaries .13
6.3.1 General .13
6.3.2 Installations that are covered . 13
6.3.3 Operational control and ownership criteria. 14
6.3.4 Internal clinker, cement and MIC transfers . 14
7 Direct GHG emissions and their determination .16
7.1 General . 16
7.2 CO from raw material calcinations . 18
7.2.1 General . 18
7.2.2 Input methods A1 and A2 . 20
7.2.3 Output methods B1 and B2 . 24
7.3 Reporting of CO emissions from raw material calcination based on clinker
[4]
output: Summary of IPCC and CSI recommendations, and default emission
factor for clinker .28
7.4 Determination of the FD calcination rate .29
7.5 Direct determination of the CO emission factor of FD from analysis of CO content .30
2 2
7.6 Cement specific issues for fuels . 30
7.6.1 Conventional fossil fuels .30
7.6.2 Alternative fuels . 31
7.7 GHG from fuels for kilns . 32
7.8 GHG from non-kiln fuels . 32
7.9 GHG from the combustion of wastewater . 33
7.10 Non-CO GHG emissions from the cement industry . 33
8 Indirect GHG emissions and their determination .34
8.1 General .34
8.2 CO from external electricity production .34
8.3 CO from purchased clinker.34
9 Baselines, acquisitions and disinvestments .35
10 Reporting .35
10.1 General . 35
10.2 Corporate environmental reporting . 36
10.3 Reporting periods . 37
iii
10.4 Performance indicators . 37
10.4.1 General . 37
10.4.2 Denominators . . 37
11 Uncertainty of GHG inventories .43
11.1 General to uncertainty assessment . 43
11.1.1 Basic considerations . 43
11.1.2 Materiality thresholds . 45
11.2 Uncertainty of activity data . 45
11.2.1 Measuring instruments for the determination of fuel and material
quantities . 45
11.2.2 Aggregated uncertainties in case of mass balances .46
11.3 Uncertainties of fuel and material parameters .46
11.3.1 Laboratory analyses for the determination of fuel and material parameters .46
11.3.2 Uncertainties of total heat consumption and CO emissions of fuels.46
11.4 Uncertainties of continuous stack emission measurements . 47
11.5 E valuation of the overall uncertainty of a GHG inventory . 47
11.6 Application of default values instead of analysing results . 47
Annex A (informative) Findings from the field tests (analytical interferences) .49
Annex B (informative) Emission factors .52
Annex C (informative) Uncertainty of activity data .54
Annex D (informative) Overview on terms in a cement plant .60
Annex E (informative) Considerations for the application of this document — Verification
procedure .64
Bibliography .66
iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical
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