ISO 7765-2:2025

International
Standard
ISO 7765-2
Third edition
Plastics film and sheeting —
2025-05
Determination of impact resistance
by the free-falling dart method —
Part 2:
Instrumented puncture test
Film et feuille de plastiques — Détermination de la résistance au
choc par la méthode par chute libre de projectile —
Partie 2: Essai avec appareil de perforation
Reference number
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Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 4
5 Apparatus . 5
5.1 General .5
5.2 Test device .5
5.2.1 General .5
5.2.2 Energy carrier .6
5.2.3 Striker .7
5.2.4 Clamping device .7
5.3 Instrument for measuring force and deflection .9
5.3.1 General .9
5.3.2 Force measurement sensor .9
5.3.3 Deflection measurement system .9
5.4 Thickness gauge .9
6 Test specimens . 9
6.1 Sampling and preparation of test specimens .9
6.2 Number of test specimens .10
6.3 Conditioning of test specimens .10
7 Procedure .10
7.1 Test atmosphere .10
7.2 Measuring the thickness .10
7.3 Clamping the test specimen .10
7.4 Impact-penetration test .10
8 Calculation and expression of results .11
9 Precision .12
10 Test report .12
Annex A (informative) General remarks . 14
Bibliography .15

iii
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 11, Products.
The third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 7765-2:2022), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes were as follows:
— the normative references have been updated;
— corrections of the following errors:
— the total penetration energy definition (see 3.4);
— minimum sample frequency value (see 5.3.2).
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Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
The impact-penetration test described in the ISO 7765 series is used for the assessment of plastic films and
thin sheets (hereinafter referred to as films) under an impact stress applied at right angles to the plane of
the film.
ISO 7765-1 can be used if it is sufficient to characterize the impact behaviour of the film by an impact
failure energy. This document is used if a force-deformation or a force-time diagram, recorded at practically
constant velocity of the striker, is necessary for characterization of the impact behaviour.
Annex A gives general remarks and is for information only.

v
International Standard ISO 7765-2:2025(en)
Plastics film and sheeting — Determination of impact
resistance by the free-falling dart method —
Part 2:
Instrumented puncture test
1 Scope
This document specifies a test method for the determination of puncture impact properties of a plastic film
using instruments for measuring force and deflection. It is applicable if a force-deflection or force-time
diagram, recorded at nominally constant striker velocity, is required for detailed characterization of the
impact behaviour. This test method is also used when a small number of test specimens are available, and
the staircase method described in the ISO 7765-1 cannot be applied.
The test method is applicable to films of up to 1 mm thickness and makes it possible to compare impact-
penetration forces, biaxial deformabilities and energy-absorption capacities of films. Also, the transition
region between brittle and tough behaviour of the film under the conditions of testing can be determined by
[4]
varying the temperature or the penetration velocity or the relative humidity.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 4593, Plastics — Film and sheeting — Determination of thickness by mechanical scanning
ISO 7765-1, Plastics film and sheeting — Determination of impact resistance by the free-falling dart method —
Part 1: Staircase methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7765-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
peak force
F
M
maximum force exerted by the striker in the direction of impact during the test
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 to 3.

3.2
deformation at peak force
s
M
deformation in the direction of impact at the centre of the test specimen corresponding to the peak force (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: For materials exhibiting a peak-force plateau, the deformation is taken at the centre of the plateau (see
Figure 1).
3.3
energy to peak force
W
M
area under the force-deformation curve bounded by the origin, the peak force and the deformation at peak
force (3.2)
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 to 3.
3.4
total penetration energy
W
T
area under the whole force-deformation curve
Note 1 to entry: Energy spent puncturing the test specimen. See Figures 1 to 3.
Note 2 to entry: If the force-deformation diagram as measured during the test is influenced strongly by dynamic
resonance effects, a mean curve may be used to obtain the values of the parameters defined in 3.1 to 3.4. This, however,
is seldom the case when plastic film is tested.
Note 3 to entry: In contrast to the instrumented puncture test applied to test specimens made of brittle plastic (see
ISO 6603-2), the force-deformation diagram of this test applied to film and sheeting frequently shows a clear point of
first failure (failure point) indicated by a sharp drop in the force. If this is the case, and if the interested parties agree
to use this point as a characteristic criterion, the following additional definitions may be used.
3.5
failure force
F
F
force exerted by the striker in the direction of impact, measured at the failure point
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 and 2.
3.6
failure deformation
s
F
deformation in the di
...