ISO 17572-1:2022

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17572-1
Third edition
2022-07
Intelligent transport systems (ITS) —
Location referencing for geographic
databases —
Part 1:
General requirements and conceptual
model
Systèmes de transport intelligents (ITS) — Localisation pour bases de
données géographiques —
Partie 1: Exigences générales et modèle conceptuel
Reference number
© ISO 2022
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 7
5 Objectives and requirements for a location referencing method .7
5.1 Objectives for an optimal location referencing method . 7
5.2 Requirements of the location referencing method . 8
6 Conceptual data model for location referencing methods . 9
6.1 Role of conceptual model. 9
6.2 Components of conceptual model . 9
6.3 Description of the conceptual model . 10
6.4 Location categories . 10
6.5 Conceptual model of a road network . 11
6.6 Conceptual model of area locations .12
Annex A (informative) Inventory of location referencing methods .14
Annex B (informative) Examples of location referencing methods in use (mapping to
conceptual data model for location referencing systems) .18
Annex C (informative) Comparison of definitions with ISO/TC 211 .20
Bibliography .21
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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electrotechnical standardization.
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iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
This third edition cancels and replaces second edition (ISO 17572-1:2015), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— Annex C has been significantly reduced;
— Annex D, Annex E and Annex F have been deleted;
— cross-references have been updated throughout the document to refer to the most recent edition of
the relevant publication;
— various minor editorial modifications have been made throughout.
A list of all parts in the ISO 17572 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
A location reference (LR) is a unique identification of a geographic object. In a digital world, a real-
world geographic object can be represented by a feature in a geographic database. An example of a
commonly known location reference is a postal address of a house. Examples of object instances include
a particular exit ramp on a particular motorway, a road junction or a hotel. For efficiency reasons,
location references are often coded. This is especially significant if the location reference is used to
define the location for information about various objects between different systems. For intelligent
transport systems (ITS), many different types of real-world objects are addressed. Amongst these,
location referencing of the road network, or components thereof, is a particular focus.
Communication of a location reference for specific geographic phenomena, corresponding to objects
in geographic databases, in a standardized, unambiguous manner is a vital part of an integrated ITS
system in which different applications and sources of geographic data are used. Location referencing
methods (LRM, methods of referencing object instances) differ by applications, by the data model used
to create the database or by the enforced object referencing imposed by the specific mapping system
used to create and store the database. A standardized location referencing method allows for a common
and unambiguous identification of object instances representing the same geographic phenomena in
different geographic databases produced by different vendors, for varied applications and operating on
multiple hardware/software platforms. If ITS applications using digital map databases are to become
widespread, it is necessary for data referencing across various applications to be possible. Information
prepared on one system, such as traffic messages, needs to be interpretable by all receiving systems. A
standardized method to refer to specific object instances is essential in achieving such objectives.
LR activities are currently supported by Japanese, Korean, Australian, Canadian, US and European ITS
bodies. Japan has developed a link specification for vehicle information and communication systems
(VICS). In Europe, the radio data system – traffic message channel (RDS-TMC) traffic messaging system
has been developed. In addition, methods have been developed and refined in the EVIDENCE and
AGORA projects based on intersections identified by geographic coordinates and other intersection
descriptors. In the US, standards for location referencing have been developed to accommodate several
different location referencing methods.
This document provides specifications for location referencing for ITS systems (although other
committees or standardization bodies can subsequently consider extending it to a more generic
context). Other LR methods for transport protocol experts group (TPEG) and geographic information
are defined in the following documents:
— ISO/TS 21219-21, Intelligent transport systems — Traffic and travel information via transport protocol
experts group, generation 2 (TPEG2) — Part 21: Geographic location referencing (TPEG-GLR)
— ISO/TS 21219-22, Intelligent transport systems — Traffic and travel information (TTI) via transport
protocol experts group, generation 2 (TPEG2) — Part 22: OpenLR location referencing (TPEG2-OLR)
— ISO 19148, Geographic information — Linear referencing
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17572-1:2022(E)
Intelligent transport systems (ITS) — Location referencing
for geographic databases —
Part 1:
General requirements and conceptual model
1 Scope
The ISO 17572 series specifies location referencing methods (LRMs) that describe locations in the
context of geographic databases and that are intended for use in locating transport-related phenomena
both in an encoder system and from the decoder side. This document defines what is meant by such
objects and describes the reference in detail, including whether or not components of the reference are
mandatory or optional, and their characteristics.
The ISO 17572 series specifies three different LRMs:
— pre-coded LRM (pre-coded profile);
— dynamic LRM (dynamic profile);
— precise relative LRM (precise relative profile).
The ISO 17572 series does not define a physical format for implementing the LRM. However, the
requirements for physical formats are defined.
The ISO 17572 series does not define details of the location referencing system (LRS), i.e. how the LRMs
are to be implemented in software, hardware or processes.
This document specifies the following general LRM-related subjects:
— requirements of an LRM;
— conceptual data model for LRMs;
— inventory LRMs (see Annex A).
This document also provides:
— examples of conceptual model use (see Annex B);
— a comparison of definitions with ISO/TC 211 (see Annex C).
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
accuracy
measure of closeness of results of observations, computations, or estimates to the true values or the
values accepted as being true
3.2
area
two-dimensional, geographical region on the surface of the Earth
Note 1 to entry: An area can be represented as an implicit area or an explicit area.
3.3
area location
two-dimensional location, representing a geographical region on the surface of the Earth
3.4
attribute
characteristic property of a real-world feature
Note 1 to entry: This property allows the identification of a specific feature by its attributes. An attribute has a
defined type and contains a value. Attributes can be either simple, consisting of one atomic value, or composite
(see composite attribute).
3.5
coordinate
one of an ordered set of N numbers designating the position of a point in N-dimensional space
Note 1 to entry: N would be 1, 2 or 3.
3.6
complex intersection
intersection that consists at least of two or more junctions and one or more road elements
3.7
datum
parameter or set of parameters that realize the position of the origin, the scale, and the orientation of a
coordinate system
[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.15, modified — admitted term ("reference frame") removed.]
3.8
descriptor
characteristic of a geographic object, usually stored as an attribute
EXAMPLE Road names or road numbers.
3.9
digital map database
structured set of digital and alphanumeric data portraying geographic locations and relationships of
spatial features
Note 1 to entry: Typically, such structures represent, but are not limited to, the digital form of hard copy map
...