ISO 22578:2022

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22578
First edition
2022-02
Graphical symbols — Safety colours
and safety signs — Natural disaster
safety way guidance system
Symboles graphiques — Couleurs de sécurité et signaux de sécurité
— Système de guidage pour mise en sécurité en cas de catastrophe
naturelle
Reference number
© ISO 2022
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Purpose and deployment . 3
5 P lanning natural disaster safety way guidance systems . 3
6 Signs used in natural disaster safety way guidance systems . 3
6.1 Signs . 3
6.2 Supplementary direction arrow signs . 5
6.3 Supplementary symbols and suitability marking . 6
7 Structure of a natural disaster safety way guidance system . 7
7.1 Overview of structure . . 7
7.2 Warning signs . . 8
7.3 Evacuation plan signs . 9
7.4 Evacuation route signs . 10
7.5 Place of refuge signs .13
8 Bilingual signs .14
9 Identifiability and legibility of signs under daylight and night-time conditions .15
10 Installation of natural disaster safety way guidance systems .16
10.1 General . 16
10.2 Sign positioning . 17
10.3 Durability . 17
11 Repair, maintenance and inspection .18
Annex A (informative) Examples of installations of natural disaster safety way guidance
systems .19
Annex B (informative) Distance factors and sizing visual elements .27
Annex C (informative) Daylight and night-time illumination conditions .31
Bibliography .32
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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electrotechnical standardization.
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 145, Graphical symbols, Subcommittee
SC 2, Safety identification, signs, shapes, symbols and colours.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
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iv
Introduction
There is a need to standardize a system for giving safety information related to evacuation to safety
evacuation areas in the event of natural disasters that relies as little as possible on the use of words to
achieve understanding.
It is extremely important for people who do not understand the local language to figure out the
evacuation route instantly when they encounter a natural disaster in a foreign country.
This document reflects best practice; the illustrations show installation practice designed to provide
the optimum amount of information to clearly identify the hazards of different types of natural disaster
in order to direct evacuation by the appropriate location of evacuation route signs and evacuation plan
signs, and the selection of places of refuge.
International travel increases the need for standardized methods of safety communication. A
standardized method of signing with the use of appropriate supplementary signs and text throughout
the public environment assists the process of education and instruction on the meaning of the
evacuation route signs and place of refuge signs, and the appropriate actions to take.
The illustrations within this document are based on the assumption that people might be unfamiliar
with the features of the natural disaster or the location of places of refuge.
It is important that the application of safety way guidance systems is standardized to aid
comprehension. While education in the comprehension of the signs and evacuation plan signs is
essential, incomprehension caused by lack of standardization can lead to confusion and possibly hinder
effective evacuation.
This document does not purport to include all the necessary aspects or requirements of the design of a
natural disaster safety way guidance system. Users are responsible for its correct application.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22578:2022(E)
Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs —
Natural disaster safety way guidance system
IMPORTANT — The colours represented in the electronic file of this document can be neither
viewed on screen nor printed as true representations. For the purposes of colour matching
see ISO 3864-4, which provides colorimetric and photometric properties together with, as a
guideline, references from colour order systems.
1 Scope
This document specifies the principles governing the design and application of signs and plans used to
create a natural disaster safety way guidance system to help people evacuate to safe areas or places of
refuge in case of natural disasters (e.g. tsunamis, floods, debris flows, steep slope failures, landslides,
tornados, large-scale fires, active volcanoes).
This document provides guidance on the selection and use of safety signs conforming to ISO 7010,
public information symbols conforming to ISO 7001, and text on evacuation route signs, places of refuge
signs and evacuation plan signs for information related to one or more particular natural disasters.
Guidance on the design, location, mounting positions and maintenance of the sign components of a
natural disaster safety way guidance system is also provided.
This document does not apply to the determination of the need for natural disaster safety way
guidance. This document assumes that the risk assessment or requirements of an enforcing authority
have established the need for such natural disaster safety way guidance systems.
This document is not applicable to the particular hazards of high winds, snow avalanches, earthquakes
or hurricanes, which cause the natural disasters covered in this document.
This document is applicable to safety way guidance from natural disasters from the outside of buildings
to safe areas. ISO 16069 is applicable to safety way guidance within a building to the emergency exit(s).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7010, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Registered safety signs
ISO 3864-1, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety
signs and safety markings
ISO 3864-3, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 3: Design principles for graphical
symbols for use in safety signs
ISO 3864-4:2011, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 4: Colorimetric and
photometric properties of safety sign materials
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
evacuation plan
map or diagram displayed in public areas to assist users to understand the environment, locate facilities
and determine evacuation routes to reach a safe area
3.2
evacuation route
direction from a person's location to the nearest safe area when a disaster occurs
3.3
natural disaster safety way guidance system
system that includes evacuation plan signs and evacuation route signs, and provides information to
guide people from a location to a place of refuge when a natural disaster occurs
3.4
natural disaster supplementary sign
sign indicating the type of possible disaster
Note 1 to entry: Appropriate evacuation area and other related information are also displayed.
3.5
ordinary material
material which is
...