Railway infrastructure — Ballastless track — Part 1: General requirements

This ISO standard specifies the general requirements relating to the design of ballastless track systems, including classification of ballastless track, system, subsystems and components requirements, and other related interfaces.

Infrastructure ferroviaire — Voies sans ballast — Partie 1: Exigences générales

General Information

Status
Not Published
Current Stage
5020 - FDIS ballot initiated: 2 months. Proof sent to secretariat
Start Date
12-Feb-2026
Completion Date
12-Feb-2026

Overview

ISO/FDIS 18379-1:2025 sets out the general requirements for the design and implementation of ballastless track systems within railway infrastructure. Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), this standard provides a comprehensive framework for the classification and evaluation of ballastless track systems, subsystems, components, and their critical interfaces with the wider railway network. It aims to guide railway professionals, including designers, specifiers, contractors, and suppliers, in achieving safe, efficient, and sustainable track structures.

Key Topics

The following key areas are addressed by ISO/FDIS 18379-1:

  • System Classification and Configuration

    • Describes the classification of ballastless track systems, including subsystems and typical components such as rails, fastening systems, prefabricated elements, intermediate layers, pavement, and substructure.
  • External Actions and Load Types

    • Addresses the consideration of various actions, including static, dynamic, and exceptional loads caused by railway traffic, environmental effects, and indirect actions from substructures like earthworks, bridges, and tunnels.
  • Design Requirements

    • Covers essential design parameters such as geometry, track stability, structural gauge considerations, and design life. It emphasizes maintainability and future adjustment needs.
  • System Performance

    • Defines requirements for durability, maintainability, noise and vibration mitigation, environmental sustainability, and derailment containment.
  • Electrical and Signaling Interfaces

    • Outlines electrical requirements relative to traction power supply, signaling systems, and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) to ensure safe, interference-free operation.
  • Environmental and Substructure Factors

    • Considers the effects of temperature, seismic activity, and other environmental actions on the design and maintenance of ballastless track systems.

Applications

ISO/FDIS 18379-1 provides value across multiple phases of railway infrastructure development, including:

  • New Railway Lines: Offers a robust framework for engineers specifying ballastless track systems in new high-speed, urban, and regional railway projects, ensuring alignment with international best practices.
  • Upgrading and Retrofitting: Guides the assessment and upgrade of existing ballastless track installations or conversions from ballasted to ballastless systems.
  • Cross-disciplinary Coordination: Serves as a reference for collaboration between civil, electrical, and signaling engineers, especially where the track interfaces with bridges, tunnels, power, and control systems.
  • Sustainability and Maintenance Planning: Aids railway operators and asset managers in designing for long life, reduced environmental impact, and optimized maintenance activities.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Supports conformity with regional or national railway standards, as referenced in supporting annexes (such as load models, earthworks, and bridge requirements).

Related Standards

For complete adherence and effective application, ISO/FDIS 18379-1 references and aligns with several other standards, including:

  • IEC 62128-1:2013: Railway applications – Fixed installations – Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit – Part 1: Protective provisions against electric shock.
  • ISO 22074-5: Specifies testing methods for rail-to-rail electrical resistance, crucial for electrical interface assessment in ballastless track design.
  • Regional and National Standards: Provides cross-references to specific regional or national regulations regarding load models, earthworks, bridge interactions, and environmental conditions.

Practical Value

Implementing ISO/FDIS 18379-1 supports the delivery of safe, reliable, and long-lasting railway infrastructure. By adhering to these guidelines, stakeholders can:

  • Improve the durability and maintainability of ballastless track installations.
  • Reduce lifecycle costs through enhanced sustainability and optimized system design.
  • Ensure compatibility and safety across interfaces with signaling, power, and substructure elements.
  • Stay compliant with international and regional railway safety and performance standards.

Keywords: railway infrastructure, ballastless track, ISO 18379-1, general requirements, track design, railway standards, system requirements, electrical interfaces, sustainability, noise and vibration, maintenance.

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ISO/FDIS 18379-1 - Infrastructure ferroviaire — Voies sans ballast — Partie 1: Exigences générales

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Frequently Asked Questions

ISO/FDIS 18379-1 is a draft published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Railway infrastructure — Ballastless track — Part 1: General requirements". This standard covers: This ISO standard specifies the general requirements relating to the design of ballastless track systems, including classification of ballastless track, system, subsystems and components requirements, and other related interfaces.

This ISO standard specifies the general requirements relating to the design of ballastless track systems, including classification of ballastless track, system, subsystems and components requirements, and other related interfaces.

ISO/FDIS 18379-1 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 45.080 - Rails and railway components; 93.100 - Construction of railways. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ISO/FDIS 18379-1 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 269/SC 1
Railway infrastructure —
Secretariat: AFNOR
Ballastless track —
Voting begins on:
2026-02-12
Part 1:
General requirements
Voting terminates on:
2026-04-09
Infrastructure ferroviaire — Voies sans ballast —
Partie 1: Exigences générales
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 269/SC 1
Railway Infrastructure —
Secretariat: AFNOR
Ballastless track —
Voting begins on:
Part 1:
General requirements
Voting terminates on:
Infrastructure ferroviaire — Voies sans ballast —
Partie 1: Exigences générales
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2026
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
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Published in Switzerland Reference number
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Configuration of ballastless track . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Ballastless track system, subsystems and components .2
5 External actions . 3
5.1 Types of actions .3
5.2 Railway traffic loading .3
5.2.1 General .3
5.2.2 Vertical loads .3
5.2.3 Lateral loads .4
5.2.4 Longitudinal loads .4
5.3 Indirect actions and conditions imposed by the substructure .5
5.3.1 General .5
5.3.2 Indirect actions .5
5.3.3 Earthworks . .6
5.3.4 Bridges . .6
5.3.5 Tunnels .7
5.4 Environmental actions .7
5.4.1 General .7
5.4.2 Temperature .7
5.4.3 Earthquake .7
6 System requirements . 8
6.1 Track design geometry .8
6.2 Track stability.8
6.3 Structure gauge .8
6.4 Design life . .8
6.5 Maintainability .8
6.6 Environmental sustainability .8
6.7 Noise and vibration .8
6.8 Derailment .9
6.9 Electrical interfaces .9
6.9.1 General .9
6.9.2 Rail-to-rail electrical resistance .9
6.9.3 Electrical interfaces with traction power supply systems .9
6.9.4 Electrical interfaces with signalling systems .10
6.9.5 Track circuit .10
6.9.6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) with signalling systems .10
6.10 Fixing of equipment .10
6.11 Requirements related to the substructure .10
6.11.1 General .10
6.11.2 Earthworks .10
6.11.3 Bridges . .11
6.11.4 Tunnels . 12
6.12 Transitions . 12
6.13 Requirements related to the environment . 12
6.13.1 General . 12
6.13.2 Water . 13
6.13.3 Drainage . 13
6.13.4 Temperature . 13

iii
6.13.5 Earthquakes . 13
6.13.6 Chemical exposure, UV exposure and pollution . 13
6.13.7 Fire implications of trackform .14
Annex A (informative) System configuration of ballastless track systems .15
Annex B (informative) Railway traffic loading of specific regions or nations .18
Annex C (informative) Rail temperature increase by using eddy current brake .24
Annex D (informative) Examples of loop-free and zones with limited metal content to ensure
EMC .27
Annex E (informative) Example of beacon mounting system .29
Annex F (informative) Correlation between relevant regional or national standards.30
Bibliography .32

iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 269, Railway applications, Subcommittee SC
01, Infrastructure.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18379 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

v
Introduction
This document is intended to be used by customers, designers and specifiers of ballastless track systems as
well as for reference and development by suppliers and construction contractors.

vi
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 18379-1:2026(en)
Railway Infrastructure — Ballastless track —
Part 1:
General requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the general requirements relating to the design of ballastless track systems,
including configuration of ballastless track system, subsystems and components requirements, and other
related interfaces.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 62128-1:2013, Railway applications — Fixed installations — Electrical safety, earthing and the return
circuit — Part 1: Protective provisions against electric shock
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
design life
specified period for which a ballastless track system is planned to be used for its intended purpose
3.2
electromagnetic compatibility
EMC
ability of equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without
introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment
3.3
floating slab
ballastless track system where a resilient element is introduced between the load-resisting element
(typically a slab) and the substructure (3.4) which is one kind of mass-spring system
3.4
substructure
earthworks (embankment, cutting or at-grade) or bridges (or similar civil structures) or tunnel floor which
provides support to the ballastless track system
3.5
static load
action that does not cause significant acceleration of the structure or structural members

3.6
quasi-static load
dynamic action represented by an equivalent static action in a static model
3.7
dynamic load
action that causes significant acceleration of the structure or structural members
3.8
exceptional load
infrequent load which exceeds the limit for the relevant operational conditions
3.9
filling layer
track component for fixing in position which provides connection and load transfer (full or partial) between
subsystems of a ballastless track system
3.10
pavement
layered structure that is designed to provide a durable bearing capacity
3.11
track stiffness
resistance to deformation of the entire track structure in relation to the applied force
4 Configuration of ballastless track
4.1 General
The configuration of the ballastless track is an important determinant as to how the design can be
approached.
4.2 Ballastless track system, subsystems and components
A ballastless track system can consist of (but is not limited to) the following levels of subsystems and
exemplary components shown in Figure 1.
Key
1 rail/switch and crossing
2 fastening system/fastening system for embedded rail
(e.g. clip, clamp, rail pad, adhesive/embedment material)
3 prefabricated element (e.g. sleeper, block, slab, frame)
4 intermediate layer (e.g. filling layer, boot, resilient element, fixation)
5 pavement (e.g. single-, multi-layered pavement, base layer(s))
6 intermediate layer (e.g. foil, sheeting, compensation layer)
7 substructure
Figure 1 — Ballastless track system — Subsystems and components

Figure 1 shows the structure of ballastless track system according to the subsystem and component levels.
The sequence of subsystems in vertical direction as well as the presence or absence of subsystems and
components within the ballastless track is up to the individual design. Intermediate layers may be used at
different subsystem interfaces (levels).
Examples of system configurations are given in Annex A using the numbering system specified in Figure 1.
5 External actions
5.1 Types of actions
The actions on ballastless track systems are classified in the following types:
— permanent actions, which are mainly due to the self-weight of the components of the ballastless track
system and other auxiliary elements (signals, ducts, barriers, etc) which can be eventually placed on
or attached to the layers of the system; permanent actions can be determined with the density of the
materials or the unit weight of the components;
— variable actions, which can be due to the railway traffic (5.2), indirect actions and conditions imposed by
the substructure (5.3), and the environment (5.4).
5.2 Railway traffic loading
5.2.1 General
The main function of the track is to safely guide the vehicle and to distribute the loads through the ballastless
track system to the substructure. The ballastless track system shall carry the loads from the railway traffic
over the design life within the specified operational and safety limits.
Loads are generated by:
— static or quasi static actions;
— dynamic actions;
— exceptional actions.
Other loads associated with construction, maintenance and emergency access shall be considered as
necessary.
The designer shall identify all relevant load models for application, considering the proposed operating
speeds and maximum axle loads to be applied. Attention is drawn to the need to determine the worst-case
combination of vertical, lateral and longitudinal loads.
NOTE Other vehicles that run during construction, maintenance or during an emergency or at level crossings on
the track surface beside the rails are not in the scope of this document.
5.2.2 Vertical loads
5.2.2.1 Load models
Unless otherwise specified, the vertical loads shall be in accordance with relevant regional or national
standards. Relevant regional or national standards are listed in Annex F.
Vertical traffic load models consist of one or more loads, in a pattern which can be related to axle spacing of
rail vehicles. Different operating conditions can be defined by combinations of the loads with amplification
factors applied according to relevant rules, e.g. for design speed. Load models representing real vehicles may
be used.
5.2.2.2 Additional vertical loads
Vertical static loads act unequally on the inner and outer rails due to centrifugal effects in curves or non-
uniform load distribution. If required, such effects shall be determined on the basis of the applied vehicle
model, taking into account track alignment parameters such as cant and cant deficiency.
Additional vertical loads are specified in relevant regional or national standards, see Annex F.
5.2.2.3 Dynamic vertical loads
Dynamic effects produced by vertical loads are dependent on factors including the running speed, the
condition of the vehicle and of the track quality. Unless otherwise specified, the dynamic loads shall be
in accordance with relevant regional or national standards. For information on vertical loads of specific
regions or nations, see Annex B.
The dynamic effects of traffic loads can be determined from dynamic analysis of the ballastless track system
with the relevant substructure under operational train loads. Alternatively, dynamic effects can be obtained
from a quasi-static analysis with the use of the load model multiplied by a consistent dynamic amplification.
5.2.2.4 Exceptional vertical loads
The impact and frequency of exceptional loads in the design should be assessed.
5.2.3 Lateral loads
Unless otherwise specified, the lateral loads shall be in accordance with relevant regional or national
standards.
Lateral loads always act in combination with the corresponding vertical loads, see Annex B.
The following effects shall be considered:
— centrifugal forces (applicable to curves only);
— nosing load to represent vehicle dynamic effects due to irregularities of vehicle running or track
irregularities;
— gauge spreading forces (concurrent outward force in the opposite direction to the centrifugal force)
from the steering action.
5.2.4 Longitudinal loads
5.2.4.1 Braking and acceleration
Unless otherwise specified, longitudinal loads caused by braking and acceleration shall be considered in
combination with the corresponding vertical loads, and be in accordance with relevant regional or national
standards. For information on longitudinal loads of specific regions or nations, see Annex B.
5.2.4.2 Eddy current brake (ECB)
Where applicable, effects due to ECB shall be considered. Effects of ECB systems, if used for regular
service braking are dependent on the activated brake force and the sequence of trains. Effects activated
by emergency braking are significantly higher and should be handled as exceptional loading, according to

5.2.2.4 and 5.2.4.3 for magnetic rail brakes. The effects of ECB systems in terms of operational track loading
are:
— a vertical attraction force between the brake and ferromagnetic components of the ballastless track
system and track equipment;
— the maximum vertical attraction force activated by magnets shall be determined and specified from
the rolling stock. The attraction force can interfere with movable track components, e.g. in switches
and crossings;
— the vertical attraction forces between the braking system and the continuous welded rail (CWR) are
usually not exceeding 40 kN/bogie and per rail due to operational and emergency braking;
— a longitudinal rail force equal to the activated braking force;
— heating of the rails:
— this effect shall be calculated by increasing the maximum rail temperature. It shall also be considered
for the definition of the neutral rail temperature for making of CWR;
— the decisive rail temperature is equivalent to overall temperature of rail cross-section not surface
temperature;
— the use of ECB can raise temperature of the rails depending on the vertical attraction force activated
and the train sequence driven operating ECB on the same track location. An example for additional
rail constraint force calculated from rail temperature increase is given in Annex C. It shall also take
into account the maximum contribution of ECB to operational deceleration and sequence of trains.
An example for the calculation of rail temperature increase by ECB is given in Annex C;
— alternatively, the maximum allowable rail temperature increase due to eddy current braking shall
be specified. This requires a vehicle or track based rail temperature control system for acceptance
of ECB as operational braking systems.
5.2.4.3 Exceptional longitudinal loads
Magnetic track brakes are used as emergency braking and also operational braking systems. Only thermal
effects and longitudinal loads from emergency braking should be considered as exceptional track loadings
for ballastless track systems. As long as the rail temperature increase by emergency braking does not exceed
6 K, the case is covered by the safety margin applied for track design procedures and no further calculation
is required.
5.3 Indirect actions and conditions imposed by the substructure
5.3.1 General
This clause specifies the indirect actions and other load conditions or actions imposed by the substructure
which affect the performance of the ballastless track system.
5.3.2 Indirect actions
The effect of the following indirect actions shall be considered:
— rheological effects (shrinkage, creep or relaxation) of concrete, cement-based materials and other
materials of the ballastless track system and the interaction of those from the substructure;
— prestressing.
5.3.3 Earthworks
5.3.3.1 General
The characteristics and performance of an earthwork on the design of the ballastless track system shall
be in accordance with relevant regional or national standards. Relevant regional or national standards are
listed in Annex F.
For a ballastless track system, it is necessary to limit permanent deformations (settlement or heave) as well
as elastic deformations due to variable loading. The design limits for these parameters shall be determined
for the design of the ballastless track system and to define the specification for design and construction of
the earthworks.
During construction, appropriate tests should be undertaken to ensure achievement of the designed
deformation response to load in the track formation.
5.3.3.2 Stiffness
The stiffness of the substructure shall be defined, in order to design the ballastless track system.
5.3.3.3 Bearing capacity
The limiting stress to be applied by the ballastless track system to the formation should be specified.
5.3.3.4 Residual permanent deformation
A ballastless track system does not normally tolerate significant permanent deformation of the substructure
which would adversely affect the design speed or ride quality for railway traffic. Permanent deformation
limits, e.g. due to settlement or heave, shall be specified. The effects of these indirect actions on the
performance of the ballastless track system shall be evaluated.
5.3.4 Bridges
5.3.4.1 General
The characteristics and performance of a bridge on the design of the ballastless track system shall be in
accordance with relevant regional or national standards. Relevant regional or national standards are listed
in Annex F.
The maximum allowed deflections and rotations of the bridge deck shall be used as input conditions for the
ballastless track system design, with specific consideration of local effects at bridge deck ends.
The ballastless track design shall take into account the stresses produced due to the response of the bridge to
the applied loads and actions (i.e. concave deformed shape in the span and convex over the bridge supports).
The ballastless track design on bridges shall consider the impact of use of rail expansion devices (REDs) or
turnouts where required by the situation.
5.3.4.2 Long term bridge deformation
The relationship between the bridge deck deformation and the span or length it affects shall be considered.
Provisions for long term deformation after installation of the ballastless track shall be included in the track
system design.
Long term deformation can be caused by e.g. permanent load, seasonal temperature differences, creep and
shrinkage or relaxation of prestressed concrete elements.
The relationship between the bridge span (affected length) and the vertical bridge deck deformation shall be
calculated in accordance with the relevant regional or national standards, see Annex F.

5.3.4.3 Bridge movements due to actions on the bridge
In accordance with relevant regional or national standards, interface limits and requirements shall be made
for actions due to railway traffic and environmental load effects on the bridge and their effect on design of
the ballastless track system.
5.3.5 Tunnels
The influence on aerodynamic effects from the ballastless track system design should be included in the
system requirements.
5.4 Environmental actions
5.4.1 General
The ballastless track system shall continue to function as intended when subjected to relevant and
representative environmental conditions. These conditions are divided into representative physical and
chemical actions. The environmental actions represent the working conditions for the ballastless track
system and shall be used for determining the performance requirements for the system. Local conditions of
temperature, humidity or other environmental actions shall be defined at the design stage.
This subclause defines the environmental actions and man-made effects acting on the ballastless track
system due to:
— temperature;
— earthquake.
5.4.2 Temperature
Exposure to temperature and variation in temperature shall be considered over the design life of the
ballastless track system. In the design phase, the following various aspects of exposure to temperature,
where applicable, shall be considered.
The following items shall be considered:
— exposure to air temperature and the effect of solar radiation;
— effects of temperature gradients during the heating and cooling cycles;
— effects of daily and seasonal temperature changes;
— thermal effects due to the operation of rolling stock loading, e.g. ECB (where applicable), according to
5.2.4.2;
— thermal effects during and due to installation, maintenance and operation;
— effects of temperature exposure on the substructure and any floating slab, according to 5.3.
Particular attention should be paid to temperature effects contributing to horizontal and vertical
movements, interaction with the substructure and interaction with other track systems such as ballasted
track and floating slab.
5.4.3 Earthquake
The earthquake sensitivity of the substructure shall be considered, where relevant, over the design life of
the ballastless track system.
6 System requirements
6.1 Track design geometry
The ballastless track system shall provide accurate and durable geometry to the track, including the ability
to adjust the vertical and horizontal position of the rails. The design shall allow for future adjustment and
maintenance, see 6.5.
6.2 Track stability
The track shall provide longitudinal, lateral and vertical resistance to keep the track geometry stable and to
transfer the loads to the substructure with safety and ride comfort for the passengers. Particular attention
shall be given to track buckling resistance against longitudinal forces due to thermal actions.
6.3 Structure gauge
Design of the surface profile for the ballastless track system shall be in accordance with structure gauge
requirements in relevant regional or national standards. Relevant regional or national standards are listed
in Annex F.
6.4 Design life
Ballastless track systems should have a design life of at least 50 years unless otherwise specified. Subsystems
and components which are subject to a shorter design life due to wear or fatigue (e.g. rails) shall include
provision for replacement.
6.5 Maintainability
The requirements for maintenance of the ballastless track system shall be considered during the design
phase. This should include inspection, repair and replacement of components, subsystems, or the entire
ballastless track system as well as most common maintenance activities, e.g. CWR stressing, rail defects,
track geometry adjustment, grinding.
6.6 Environmental sustainability
Sustainability of the ballastless track system primarily concerns various environmental parameters, for
example:
— carbon footprint (CO emission, energy consumption, life-cycle analysis);
— circular economy: re-use, recycling/ability of materials;
— ecological impact, e.g. impact on flora and fauna;
— other environmental impacts, including acoustics and aesthetics.
Where applicable, assessment of sustainability performance should be undertaken.
6.7 Noise and vibration
To meet noise requirements, particular track features for noise control may be incorporated in the ballastless
track system.
Vibration requirements can necessitate adjustment of properties of the track system or the introduction
of intermediate resilient elements to fulfil the performance specified or both. The track stiffness can be
affected by the requirements for groundborne noise and vibration mitigation.

6.8 Derailment
The design of the ballastless track system should consider the effects of actions due to the wheels of a
derailed vehicle. The ballastless track system shall incorporate derailment containment or protection
measures where required.
6.9 Electrical interfaces
6.9.1 General
This subclause describes generic requirements for the ballastless track system with respect to electrical
and mechanical interfaces with:
— traction power supply systems;
— signalling systems;
— other track equipment.
6.9.2 Rail-to-rail electrical resistance
A rail-to-rail insulation assessment is required to ensure there is no unintentional electrical connection that
can conflict with the signalling or traction power systems. Therefore, a minimum rail-to-rail insulation shall
be provided. This requirement is expressed in terms of the resistance of fastening systems in kΩ.
NOTE See ISO 22074-5 for testing methods of the electrical resistance.
The value of resistance per unit length is obtained from laboratory tests. These measurements are taken
between both rails and multiplied by the planned support spacing (and multiplied by the number of pairs of
supports tested if more than one) or multiplied by the sample length in the case of continuously supported
(e.g. embedded) rails. The overall rail-to-rail resistance per unit length is expressed as Ω·km or kΩ·m.
6.9.3 Electrical interfaces with traction power supply systems
For electrified railways the running rails are part of the return circuit, except in special cases. The structural
and electrical properties of the ballastless track system shall be coordinated with the requirements
regarding electrical safety, earthing, bonding and the return circuit as defined in relevant regional or
national standards.
Items which require attention include:
— insulation of the rails from the structures and earth;
— risks from arcing and other kinds of unintended electrical contact between live conductors and the
reinforcement of concrete structures;
— provision of ducts for cables and space for the electrical connections to the rails;
— longitudinal resistance of the running rails, which is significant for railways electrified with direct
current. It is the result of the cross-sectional area of a rail and the type of the steel.
The electrical design of the return circuit and its earthing installations is needed in order to complete the
design of the ballastless track system in accordance with an overall earthing and bonding system strategy.
This shall not apply in the case of non-earthed track systems. If a non-earthed track systems is used, the
requirements in IEC 62128-1:2013, Clause 9 shall be applied.
NOTE Additional electrical requirements arise from the needs of the signalling system, see 6.9.4, 6.9.5 and 6.9.6.

6.9.4 Electrical interfaces with signalling systems
The design of the ballastless track system shall consider the constraints of the signalling system.
6.9.5 Track circuit
When the running rails are used by the signalling system, they shall have sufficient electrical conductivity.
The track circuit uses the rail-to-rail electrical insulation to detect the presence of a rail vehicle. The
principle of the detection is based on the fact that the wheelsets of the rolling stock short circuit the two
rails. Minimum rail-to-rail insulation requirements shall be in accordance with relevant regional or national
standards.
6.9.6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) with signalling systems
The design of the ballastless track system should consider the constraints of EMC between different
equipment, e.g. vehicle/signalling and signalling/signalling. This includes concrete construction in which
closed electrical loops of reinforcement or metal should be avoided.
Requirements for loop-free zones and requirements for zones with restricted content of metal should be
distinguished and agreed between signalling and track designers, for examples see Annex D.
Loop-free zones can be realized by using electrical insulation between longitudinal and lateral steel
reinforcement bars or by use of non-ferrous reinforcement including fibres.
Railway signalling engineers should provide geometrical dimensions in which either loop-free reinforcement
or material with restricted content of metal is required in order to control the impact of electromagnetic
interference. These dimensions should be as small as possible to limit the structural implications.
6.10 Fixing of equipment
The design of the ballastless track system shall incorporate all equipment required (e.g. magnets, antennae,
loops, beacons, axle counters, track circuits, noise absorbing panels, level crossings, guard rails, check rails
and their connections to the track). Local changes in the track cross-section shall be accommodated in the
track design. If geometric dimensions of mounting systems for track equipment are specified, the design of
the ballastless track system shall take this into account.
NOTE A mounting system for beacons is shown in Figure E.1.
All loads arising from fixing of equipment shall be taken into account (e.g. beacons, earthing equipment).
Loads applied to guard rails and check rails shall be considered.
6.11 Requirements related to the substructure
6.11.1 General
This subclause specifies general requirements for the ballastless track system according to the substructure
characteristics. The required substructure characteristics are separately specified in this clause for
earthworks (cuttings, embankments or at-grade situations), bridge structures and tunnels. It also covers
transitions between these different substructure types.
6.11.2 Earthworks
The earthwork formation (cuttings, embankments or at-grade) which supports the ballastless track system
shall be able to transfer the vertical and horizontal loads including those from live loads acting on the
ballastless track system into the subsoil, without exceeding the bearing capacity or resulting in excessive
deformation. Regional or national design standards can specify particular requirements on the stiffness,
bearing capacity, permanent deformations or ground deflections for the substructure in order to ensure the
...


ISO /TC 269/SC 01/WG 9 1
Secretariat: SAC AFNOR
Date: 2026-01-29
Railway infrastructure — Ballastless track — —
Part 1:
General requirements
First edition
Date: 2025-11-27
Infrastructure ferroviaire — Voies sans ballast —
Partie 1: Exigences générales
FDIS stage
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
EmailE-mail: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
v
ISO/DISFDIS 18379-1:2025 (E2026(en)
Contents
Foreword . vii
Introduction . viii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Configuration of ballastless track . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Ballastless track system, subsystems and components . 2
5 External actions . 4
5.1 Types of actions . 4
5.2 Railway traffic loading . 4
5.3 Indirect actions and conditions imposed by the substructure . 6
5.4 Environmental actions . 8
6 System requirements . 9
6.1 Track design geometry . 9
6.2 Track stability. 9
6.3 Structure gauge . 9
6.4 Design life . 9
6.5 Maintainability . 9
6.6 Environmental sustainability . 9
6.7 Noise and vibration . 10
6.8 Derailment . 10
6.9 Electrical interfaces . 10
6.10 Fixing of equipment . 11
6.11 Requirements related to the substructure. 12
6.12 Transitions . 14
6.13 Requirements related to the environment . 14
Annex A (informative) System configuration of ballastless track systems . 16
Annex B (informative) Railway traffic loading of specific regions or nations . 21
Annex C (informative) Rail temperature increase by using eddy current brake . 28
Annex D (informative) Examples of loop-free and zones with limited metal content to ensure
EMC . 32
Annex E (informative) Example of beacon mounting system . 36
Annex F (informative) Correlation between relevant regional or national standards . 37
Bibliography . 39

vi
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
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International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documentsdocument should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules
of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
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related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 269, Railway applications, Subcommittee SC 01,
Infrastructure.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18379 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
Field Code Changed
vii
ISO/DISFDIS 18379-1:2025 (E2026(en)
Introduction
This document is intended to be used by customers, designers and specifiers of ballastless track systems as
well as for reference and development by suppliers and construction contractors.
viii
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 18379-1:2025(en)

Railway infrastructureInfrastructure — Ballastless track —
Part 1:
General requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the general requirements relating to the design of ballastless track systems, including
configuration of ballastless track system, subsystems and components requirements, and other related
interfaces.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 62128--1:2013, Railway applications — Fixed installations — Electrical safety, earthing and the return
circuit — Part 1: Protective provisions against electric shock
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 3.1
design life
specified period for which a ballastless track system is planned to be used for its intended purpose
3.2 3.2
electromagnetic compatibility
EMC
ability of equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without
introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment
3.3 3.3
floating slab
ballastless track system where a resilient element is introduced between the load-resisting element (typically
a slab) and the substructure (3.4(3.4)) which is one kind of mass-spring system
3.4 3.4
substructure
earthworks (embankment, cutting or at-grade) or bridges (or similar civil structures) or tunnel floor which
provides support to the ballastless track system
3.5 3.5
static load
action that does not cause significant acceleration of the structure or structural members
3.6 3.6
quasi-static load
dynamic action represented by an equivalent static action in a static model
3.7 3.7
dynamic load
action that causes significant acceleration of the structure or structural members
3.8 3.8
exceptional load
infrequent load which exceeds the limit for the relevant operational conditions
3.9 3.9
filling layer
track component for fixing in position which provides connection and load transfer (full or partial) between
subsystems of a ballastless track system
3.10 3.10
pavement
layered structure that is designed to provide a durable bearing capacity
3.11 3.11
track stiffness
resistance to deformation of the entire track structure in relation to the applied force
4 Configuration of ballastless track
4.1 General
The configuration of the ballastless track is an important determinant as to how the design can be approached.
4.2 Ballastless track system, subsystems and components
A ballastless track system can consist of (but is not limited to) the following levels of subsystems and
exemplary components shown in Figure 1Figure 1.
Key
1 rail/switch and crossing
2 fastening system/fastening system for embedded rail
(e.g. clip, clamp, rail pad, adhesive/embedment material)
3 prefabricated element (e.g. sleeper, block, slab, frame)
4 intermediate layer (e.g. filling layer, boot, resilient element, fixation)
5 pavement (e.g. single-, multi-layered pavement, base layer(s))
6 intermediate layer (e.g. foil, sheeting, compensation layer)
7 substructure
1 rail/switch and crossing
2 fastening system/fastening system for embedded rail
(e.g. clip, clamp, rail pad, adhesive/embedment material)
3 prefabricated element (e.g. sleeper, block, slab, frame)
4 intermediate layer (e.g. filling layer, boot, resilient element, fixation)
5 pavement (e.g. single-, multi-layered pavement, base layer(s))
6 intermediate layer (e.g. foil, sheeting, compensation layer)
7 substructure
Figure 1 — Ballastless track system — Subsystems and components
Figure 1Figure 1 shows the structure of ballastless track system according to the subsystem and component
levels. The sequence of subsystems in vertical direction as well as the presence or absence of subsystems and
components within the ballastless track is up to the individual design. Intermediate layers may be used at
different subsystem interfaces (levels).
Examples of system configurations are given in Annex AAnnex A using the numbering system specified in
Figure 1Figure 1.
5 External actions
5.1 Types of actions
The actions on ballastless track systems are classified in the following types:
— — permanent actions, which are mainly due to the self-weight of the components of the ballastless track
system and other auxiliary elements (signals, ducts, barriers, etc) which can be eventually placed on or
attached to the layers of the system; permanent actions can be determined with the density of the
materials or the unit weight of the components;
— — variable actions, which can be due to the railway traffic (5.2(5.2),), indirect actions and conditions
imposed by the substructure (5.3(5.3),), and the environment (5.4(5.4).).
5.2 Railway traffic loading
5.2.1 General
The main function of the track is to safely guide the vehicle and to distribute the loads through the ballastless
track system to the substructure. The ballastless track system shall carry the loads from the railway traffic
over the design life within the specified operational and safety limits.
Loads are generated by:
— — static or quasi static actions;
— — dynamic actions;
— — exceptional actions.
Other loads associated with construction, maintenance and emergency access shall be considered as
necessary.
The designer shall identify all relevant load models for application, considering the proposed operating speeds
and maximum axle loads to be applied. Attention is drawn to the need to determine the worst-case
combination of vertical, lateral and longitudinal loads.
NOTE Other vehicles that run during construction, maintenance or during an emergency or at level crossings on the
track surface beside the rails are not in the scope of this document.
5.2.2 Vertical loads
5.2.2.1 Load models
Unless otherwise specified, the vertical loads shall be in accordance with relevant regional or national
standards. Relevant regional or national standards are listed in Annex FAnnex F. .
Vertical traffic load models consist of one or more loads, in a pattern which can be related to axle spacing of
rail vehicles. Different operating conditions can be defined by combinations of the loads with amplification
factors applied according to relevant rules, e.g. for design speed. Load models representing real vehicles may
be used.
5.2.2.2 Additional vertical loads
Vertical static loads act unequally on the inner and outer rails due to centrifugal effects in curves or non-
uniform load distribution. If required, such effects shall be determined on the basis of the applied vehicle
model, taking into account track alignment parameters such as cant and cant deficiency.
Additional vertical loads are specified in relevant regional or national standards, see Annex FAnnex F.
5.2.2.3 Dynamic vertical loads
Dynamic effects produced by vertical loads are dependent on factors including the running speed, the
condition of the vehicle and of the track quality. Unless otherwise specified, the dynamic loads shall be in
accordance with relevant regional or national standards. For information on vertical loads of specific regions
or nations, see Annex BAnnex B.
The dynamic effects of traffic loads can be determined from dynamic analysis of the ballastless track system
with the relevant substructure under operational train loads. Alternatively, dynamic effects can be obtained
from a quasi-static analysis with the use of the load model multiplied by a consistent dynamic amplification.
5.2.2.4 Exceptional vertical loads
The impact and frequency of exceptional loads in the design should be assessed.
5.2.3 Lateral loads
Unless otherwise specified, the lateral loads shall be in accordance with relevant regional or national
standards.
Lateral loads always act in combination with the corresponding vertical loads, see Annex BAnnex B.
The following effects shall be considered:
— — centrifugal forces (applicable to curves only);
— — nosing load to represent vehicle dynamic effects due to irregularities of vehicle running or track
irregularities;
— — gauge spreading forces (concurrent outward force in the opposite direction to the centrifugal force)
from the steering action.
5.2.4 Longitudinal loads
5.2.4.1 Braking and acceleration
Unless otherwise specified, longitudinal loads caused by braking and acceleration shall be considered in
combination with the corresponding vertical loads, and be in accordance with relevant regional or national
standards. For information on longitudinal loads of specific regions or nations, see Annex BAnnex B.
5.2.4.2 Eddy current brake (ECB)
Where applicable, effects due to ECB shall be considered. Effects of ECB systems, if used for regular service
braking are dependent on the activated brake force and the sequence of trains. Effects activated by emergency
braking are significantly higher and should be handled as exceptional loading, according to 5.2.2.45.2.2.4 and
5.2.4.35.2.4.3 for magnetic rail brakes. The effects of ECB systems in terms of operational track loading are:
— — a vertical attraction force between the brake and ferromagnetic components of the ballastless track
system and track equipment;
— — the maximum vertical attraction force activated by magnets shall be determined and specified
from the rolling stock. The attraction force can interfere with movable track components, e.g. in
switches and crossings;
— — the vertical attraction forces between the braking system and the continuous welded rail
(CWR) are usually not exceeding 40 kN/bogie and per rail due to operational and emergency braking;
— — a longitudinal rail force equal to the activated braking force;
— — heating of the rails:
— — this effect shall be calculated by increasing the maximum rail temperature. It shall also be
considered for the definition of the neutral rail temperature for making of CWR;
— — the decisive rail temperature is equivalent to overall temperature of rail cross-section not
surface temperature;
— — the use of ECB can raise temperature of the rails depending on the vertical attraction force
activated and the train sequence driven operating ECB on the same track location. An example for
additional rail constraint force calculated from rail temperature increase is given in Annex CAnnex C.
It shall also take into account the maximum contribution of ECB to operational deceleration and
sequence of trains. An example for the calculation of rail temperature increase by ECB is given in
Annex CAnnex C;;
— — alternatively, the maximum allowable rail temperature increase due to eddy current braking
shall be specified. This requires a vehicle or track based rail temperature control system for
acceptance of ECB as operational braking systems.
5.2.4.3 Exceptional longitudinal loads
Magnetic track brakes are used as emergency braking and also operational braking systems. Only thermal
effects and longitudinal loads from emergency braking should be considered as exceptional track loadings for
ballastless track systems. As long as the rail temperature increase by emergency braking does not exceed 6 K,
the case is covered by the safety margin applied for track design procedures and no further calculation is
required.
5.3 Indirect actions and conditions imposed by the substructure
5.3.1 General
This clause specifies the indirect actions and other load conditions or actions imposed by the substructure
which affect the performance of the ballastless track system.
5.3.2 Indirect actions
The effect of the following indirect actions shall be considered:
— — rheological effects (shrinkage, creep or relaxation) of concrete, cement-based materials and other
materials of the ballastless track system and the interaction of those from the substructure;
— — prestressing.
5.3.3 Earthworks
5.3.3.1 General
The characteristics and performance of an earthwork on the design of the ballastless track system shall be in
accordance with relevant regional or national standards. Relevant regional or national standards are listed in
Annex FAnnex F.
For a ballastless track system, it is necessary to limit permanent deformations (settlement or heave) as well
as elastic deformations due to variable loading. The design limits for these parameters shall be determined for
the design of the ballastless track system and to define the specification for design and construction of the
earthworks.
During construction, appropriate tests should be undertaken to ensure achievement of the designed
deformation response to load in the track formation.
5.3.3.2 Stiffness
The stiffness of the substructure shall be defined, in order to design the ballastless track system.
5.3.3.3 Bearing capacity
The limiting stress to be applied by the ballastless track system to the formation should be specified.
5.3.3.4 Residual permanent deformation
A ballastless track system does not normally tolerate significant permanent deformation of the substructure
which would adversely affect the design speed or ride quality for railway traffic. Permanent deformation
limits, e.g. due to settlement or heave, shall be specified. The effects of these indirect actions on the
performance of the ballastless track system shall be evaluated.
5.3.4 Bridges
5.3.4.1 General
The characteristics and performance of a bridge on the design of the ballastless track system shall be in
accordance with relevant regional or national standards. Relevant regional or national standards are listed in
Annex FAnnex F.
The maximum allowed deflections and rotations of the bridge deck shall be used as input conditions for the
ballastless track system design, with specific consideration of local effects at bridge deck ends.
The ballastless track design shall take into account the stresses produced due to the response of the bridge to
the applied loads and actions (i.e. concave deformed shape in the span and convex over the bridge supports).
The ballastless track design on bridges shall consider the impact of use of rail expansion devices (REDs) or
turnouts where required by the situation.
5.3.4.2 Long term bridge deformation
The relationship between the bridge deck deformation and the span or length it affects shall be considered.
Provisions for long term deformation after installation of the ballastless track shall be included in the track
system design.
Long term deformation can be caused by e.g. permanent load, seasonal temperature differences, creep and
shrinkage or relaxation of prestressed concrete elements.
The relationship between the bridge span (affected length) and the vertical bridge deck deformation shall be
calculated in accordance with the relevant regional or national standards, see Annex FAnnex F.
5.3.4.3 Bridge movements due to actions on the bridge
In accordance with relevant regional or national standards, interface limits and requirements shall be made
for actions due to railway traffic and environmental load effects on the bridge and their effect on design of the
ballastless track system.
5.3.5 Tunnels
The influence on aerodynamic effects from the ballastless track system design should be included in the
system requirements.
5.4 Environmental actions
5.4.1 General
The ballastless track system shall continue to function as intended when subjected to relevant and
representative environmental conditions. These conditions are divided into representative physical and
chemical actions. The environmental actions represent the working conditions for the ballastless track system
and shall be used for determining the performance requirements for the system. Local conditions of
temperature, humidity or other environmental actions shall be defined at the design stage.
This subclause defines the environmental actions and man-made effects acting on the ballastless track system
due to:
— — temperature;
— — earthquake.
5.4.2 Temperature
Exposure to temperature and variation in temperature shall be considered over the design life of the
ballastless track system. In the design phase, the following various aspects of exposure to temperature, where
applicable, shall be considered.
The following items shall be considered:
— — exposure to air temperature and the effect of solar radiation;
— — effects of temperature gradients during the heating and cooling cycles;
— — effects of daily and seasonal temperature changes;
— — thermal effects due to the operation of rolling stock loading, e.g. ECB (where applicable), according to
5.2.4.25.2.4.2;;
— — thermal effects during and due to installation, maintenance and operation;
— — effects of temperature exposure on the substructure and any floating slab, according to 5.35.3.
Particular attention should be paid to temperature effects contributing to horizontal and vertical movements,
interaction with the substructure and interaction with other track systems such as ballasted track and floating
slab.
5.4.3 Earthquake
The earthquake sensitivity of the substructure shall be considered, where relevant, over the design life of the
ballastless track system.
6 System requirements
6.1 Track design geometry
The ballastless track system shall provide accurate and durable geometry to the track, including the ability to
adjust the vertical and horizontal position of the rails. The design shall allow for future adjustment and
maintenance, see 6.56.5.
6.2 Track stability
The track shall provide longitudinal, lateral and vertical resistance to keep the track geometry stable and to
transfer the loads to the substructure with safety and ride comfort for the passengers. Particular attention
shall be given to track buckling resistance against longitudinal forces due to thermal actions.
6.3 Structure gauge
Design of the surface profile for the ballastless track system shall be in accordance with structure gauge
requirements in relevant regional or national standards. Relevant regional or national standards are listed in
Annex FAnnex F.
6.4 Design life
Ballastless track systems should have a design life of at least 50 years unless otherwise specified. Subsystems
and components which are subject to a shorter design life due to wear or fatigue (e.g. rails) shall include
provision for replacement.
6.5 Maintainability
The requirements for maintenance of the ballastless track system shall be considered during the design phase.
This should include inspection, repair and replacement of components, subsystems, or the entire ballastless
track system as well as most common maintenance activities, e.g. CWR stressing, rail defects, track geometry
adjustment, grinding.
6.6 Environmental sustainability
Sustainability of the ballastless track system primarily concerns various environmental parameters, for
example:
— — carbon footprint (CO2 emission, energy consumption, life-cycle analysis);
— — circular economy: re-use, recycling/ability of materials;
— — ecological impact, e.g. impact on flora and fauna;
— — other environmental impacts, including acoustics and aesthetics.
Where applicable, assessment of sustainability performance should be undertaken.
6.7 Noise and vibration
To meet noise requirements, particular track features for noise control may be incorporated in the ballastless
track system.
Vibration requirements can necessitate adjustment of properties of the track system or the introduction of
intermediate resilient elements to fulfil the performance specified or both. The track stiffness can be affected
by the requirements for groundborne noise and vibration mitigation.
6.8 Derailment
The design of the ballastless track system should consider the effects of actions due to the wheels of a derailed
vehicle. The ballastless track system shall incorporate derailment containment or protection measures where
required.
6.9 Electrical interfaces
6.9.1 General
This subclause describes generic requirements for the ballastless track system with respect to electrical and
mechanical interfaces with:
— — traction power supply systems;
— — signalling systems;
— — other track equipment.
6.9.2 Rail-to-rail electrical resistance
A rail-to-rail insulation assessment is required to ensure there is no unintentional electrical connection that
can conflict with the signalling or traction power systems. Therefore, a minimum rail-to-rail insulation shall
be provided. This requirement is expressed in terms of the resistance of fastening systems in kΩ.
NOTE See ISO 22074-5 for testing methods of the electrical resistance.
The value of resistance per unit length is obtained from laboratory tests. These measurements are taken
between both rails and multiplied by the planned support spacing (and multiplied by the number of pairs of
supports tested if more than one) or multiplied by the sample length in the case of continuously supported
(e.g. embedded) rails. The overall rail-to-rail resistance per unit length is expressed as Ω·km or kΩ·m.
6.9.3 Electrical interfaces with traction power supply systems
For electrified railways the running rails are part of the return circuit, except in special cases. The structural
and electrical properties of the ballastless track system shall be coordinated with the requirements regarding
electrical safety, earthing, bonding and the return circuit as defined in relevant regional or national standards.
Items which require attention include:
— — insulation of the rails from the structures and earth;
— — risks from arcing and other kinds of unintended electrical contact between live conductors and the
reinforcement of concrete structures;
— — provision of ducts for cables and space for the electrical connections to the rails;
— — longitudinal resistance of the running rails, which is significant for railways electrified with direct
current. It is the result of the cross-sectional area of a rail and the type of the steel.
The electrical design of the return circuit and its earthing installations is needed in order to complete the
design of the ballastless track system in accordance with an overall earthing and bonding system strategy.
This shall not apply in the case of non-earthed track systems. If a non-earthed track systems is used, the
requirements in IEC 62128-1:2013, Clause 9 shall be applied.
NOTE Additional electrical requirements arise from the needs of the signalling system, see 6.9.46.9.4, 6.9.5, 6.9.5
and 6.9.66.9.6.
6.9.4 Electrical interfaces with signalling systems
The design of the ballastless track system shall consider the constraints of the signalling system.
6.9.5 Track circuit
When the running rails are used by the signalling system, they shall have sufficient electrical conductivity.
The track circuit uses the rail-to-rail electrical insulation to detect the presence of a rail vehicle. The principle
of the detection is based on the fact that the wheelsets of the rolling stock short circuit the two rails. Minimum
rail-to-rail insulation requirements shall be in accordance with relevant regional or national standards.
6.9.6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) with signalling systems
The design of the ballastless track system should consider the constraints of EMC between different
equipment, e.g. vehicle/signalling and signalling/signalling. This includes concrete construction in which
closed electrical loops of reinforcement or metal should be avoided.
Requirements for loop-free zones and requirements for zones with restricted content of metal should be
distinguished and agreed between signalling and track designers, for examples see Annex DAnnex D.
Loop-free zones can be realized by using electrical insulation between longitudinal and lateral steel
reinforcement bars or by use of non-ferrous reinforcement including fibres.
Railway signalling engineers should provide geometrical dimensions in which either loop-free reinforcement
or material with restricted content of metal is required in order to control the impact of electromagnetic
interference. These dimensions should be as small as possible to limit the structural implications.
6.10 Fixing of equipment
The design of the ballastless track system shall incorporate all equipment required (e.g. magnets, antennae,
loops, beacons, axle counters, track circuits, noise absorbing panels, level crossings, guard rails, check rails
and their connections to the track). Local changes in the track cross-section shall be accommodated in the
track design. If geometric dimensions of mounting systems for track equipment are specified, the design of the
ballastless track system shall take this into account.
NOTE A mounting system for beacons is shown in Figure E.1Figure E.1.
All loads arising from fixing of equipment shall be taken into account (e.g. beacons, earthing equipment).
Loads applied to guard rails and check rails shall be considered.
6.11 Requirements related to the substructure
6.11.1 General
This subclause specifies general requirements for the ballastless track system according to the substructure
characteristics. The required substructure characteristics are separately specified in this clause for
earthworks (cuttings, embankments or at-grade situations), bridge structures and tunnels. It also covers
transitions between these different substructure types.
6.11.2 Earthworks
The earthwork formation (cuttings, embankments or at-grade) which supports the ballastless track system
shall be able to transfer the vertical and horizontal loads including those from live loads acting on the
ballastless track system into the subsoil, without exceeding the bearing capacity or resulting in excessive
deformation. Regional or national design standards can specify particular requirements on the stiffness,
bearing capacity, permanent deformations or ground deflections for the substructure in order to ensure the
appropriate performance of the ballastless track system.
The stiffness of the substructure shall be defined at the design stage as it provides the support condition for
the ballastless track system. Appropriate testing shall be undertaken to confirm the stiffness of the
substructure in accordance with design. The minimum deformation properties of the substructure should be
taken from relevant regional or national standards, see Annex FAnnex F.
It shall be ensured that the residual amount and rate of deformation will not be larger than the limit taken into
account for the design parameters used in track structural design. Consequently, any displacement or
deformation of the substructure shall be substantially completed, and in accordance with the agreed values
before installation of ballastless track system starts.
The bearing capacity or level, for example due to settlement or heave of the substructure shall not adversely
impact the performance of the ballastless track system, the design speed and the ride quality of railway traffic.
6.11.3 Bridges
Bridges and ballastless track systems have an influence on each other. Therefore, the interaction between
them shall be taken into account in the integrated design. An integrated bridge/track design should be
executed, where appropriate. However, if the bridge and the track are designed separately, the required
characteristics of the ballastless track system shall be verified as compatible with the bridge design. If
compatibility is demonstrated, no additional checks on the bridge design are required. If compatibility is not
demonstrated, then design of the ballastless track system or the bridge design shall be adjusted to achieve
compatibility.
An integrated bridge-track design shall address, among others, the following aspects:
— — consideration of deflections and rotations of the bridge deck as input conditions for the ballastless
track system design, with specific consideration of local effects at bridge deck ends. These effects from the
bridge causing uplift, compression, lateral deformation of the rail fastenings or a combination shall be
considered;
— — definition of appropriate connection systems between the bridge girder and the track system to
achieve the desired interaction degree (e.g. monolithic, partial interaction, independent), under vertical
and horizontal actions;
— — influence of the response of the bridge to the applied loads and actions (i.e. concave deformed shape
in the span and convex over the bridge supports) on the performance of the ballastless track system;
— — anticipation of the necessity of introduction of connection devices from the construction stage of the
bridge to reduce post-installed devices which can require drilling the bridge girder;
— — impact of the use of REDs and switches and crossings on bridges where required by the situation;
— — consistent distance between the bottom of the rail and the top of the bridge girder to avoid excessive
thickness of levelling layers which maycan increase dead loads on the bridge and activate additional
creep/shrinkage effects;
— — appropriate surface finishing of the top surface of the bridge girder and compatibility of the ballastless
track components with the waterproofing layers or concrete protection layer of the bridge deck.
Specific analysis of the longitudinal interaction between the bridge and the track shall be carried out in order
to check that maximum stresses at the rail and the track components do not lead to failure or buckling. For
such an analysis, the longitudinal actions (braking/ traction, rheology and thermal effects) of both the bridge
and the track shall be considered. Appropriate longitudinal stiffness and sliding resistance of the fastening
system shall be taken into account, as well as consistent boundary conditions and eventual joints at the rails,
the track or the bridge.
The bridge design shall incorporate the interface limits and requirements for actions due to railway traffic and
environmental load effects on the bridge and their effect on the design of the ballastless track system. The
bridge design should be adapted if:
— — the angle of rotation of the adjacent bridge decks at intermediate and end supports exceeds the
relevant design limits in regional or national standards;
— — there are significant differential lateral movements between adjacent bridge decks at piers and
between bridge deck and abutment. The calculation of movements shall take into account bearing
condition and typology (e.g. pot versus spherical bearings, internal clearances/tolerances and bearing
deformation);
— — there are significant differential vertical bridge deflections at bridge joints;
— — for ballastless track systems using prefabricated elements supported by pavement, if deflection by
traffic loading exceeds the limits given by relevant regional or national standards;
— — the track construction is to take place within a time period during which concrete shrinkage and creep
maycan be significant (e.g. < 6 months).
If these requirements cannot be met by the bridge design, then the interface requirements shall be considered
jointly between bridge and track designers. It shall not be assumed that the track system designer can provide
mitigation of the exceedances (within the design) without significant cost and time implications. Any agreed
solution shall deal with the resulting actions on components to ensure a durable and efficient total system is
achieved, accounting for whole life performance.
6.11.4 Tunnels
The installation of ballastless track systems in tunnels is usually based on considerations regarding the
structural support in the base of the tunnel (e.g. modulus of elasticity of soil or structural invert), the available
cross-sectional area of the tunnel, operational safety requirements and track maintenance.
Predicted values for differential displacement between adjacent tunnel segments shall be determined as input
parameters for the design of ballastless track systems. Consideration shall be given to differential
displacement due to temperature and shrinkage effects.
6.12 Transitions
Both superstructure (track form) and substructure (earthworks, bridges and tunnels) transitions shall ensure
a gradual adaptation with respect to track geometry and track stiffness. Transition in the track form should
not coincide with transitions in the substructure.
The ballastless track system shall be designed to take account of variations in the stiffness of and between
substructures, and long-term variations of track geometry due to settlement or heave. Capability for
adjustment of the track geometry to minimize the dynamic response of the vehicles shall be provided.
The length of the transition zone depends on the design speed for the line and the differences in the settlement
and stiffness characteristics of the adjacent structure and substructure. Provisions shall therefore be made to
limit differential settlement at transitions between railway bridges, tunnels and earthworks to a level that is
compatible with the operational requirements.
6.13 Requirements related to th
...


PROJET FINAL
Norme
internationale
ISO/TC 269/SC 1
Infrastructure ferroviaire — Voies
Secrétariat: AFNOR
sans ballast —
Début de vote:
2026-02-12
Partie 1:
Exigences générales
Vote clos le:
2026-04-09
Railway infrastructure — Ballastless track —
Part 1: General requirements
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET SONT
INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSERVATIONS,
NOTIFICATION DES DROITS DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS
AURAIENT ÉVENTUELLEMENT CONNAISSANCE ET À
FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE.
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES FINS
INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET COM-MERCIALES,
AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE DES UTILISATEURS, LES
PROJETS DE NORMES
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE CONSIDÉRÉS
DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR POSSI BILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES
NORMES POUVANT
SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA RÉGLEMENTATION
NATIONALE.
Numéro de référence
PROJET FINAL
Norme
internationale
ISO/TC 269/SC 1
Infrastructure ferroviaire — Voies
Secrétariat: AFNOR
sans ballast —
Début de vote:
Partie 1: 2026-02-12
Exigences générales
Vote clos le:
2026-04-09
Railway infrastructure — Ballastless track —
Part 1: General requirements
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET SONT
INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSERVATIONS,
NOTIFICATION DES DROITS DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS
AURAIENT ÉVENTUELLEMENT CONNAISSANCE ET À
FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE.
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES FINS
© ISO 2026 INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET COM-MERCIALES,
AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE DES UTILISATEURS, LES
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
PROJETS DE NORMES
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE CONSIDÉRÉS
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR POSSI BILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
NORMES POUVANT
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA RÉGLEMENTATION
NATIONALE.
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Publié en Suisse Numéro de référence
ii
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
Introduction .vi
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Configuration de la voie sans ballast . 2
4.1 Généralités .2
4.2 Système de voie sans ballast, sous-systèmes et composants .2
5 Actions externes . 3
5.1 Types d’action .3
5.2 Chargement de trafic ferroviaire .3
5.2.1 Généralités .3
5.2.2 Charges verticales .4
5.2.3 Charges latérales .4
5.2.4 Charges longitudinales .5
5.3 Actions et conditions indirectes imposées par la sous-structure .6
5.3.1 Généralités .6
5.3.2 Actions indirectes .6
5.3.3 Travaux de terrassement .6
5.3.4 Ponts .7
5.3.5 Tunnels .7
5.4 Actions environnementales .7
5.4.1 Généralités .7
5.4.2 Température .8
5.4.3 Tremblement de terre .8
6 Exigences du système . 8
6.1 Géométrie de la voie .8
6.2 Stabilité de la voie .8
6.3 Gabarit.8
6.4 Durée de vie de conception .8
6.5 Maintenabilité .9
6.6 Durabilité environnementale .9
6.7 Bruit et vibrations .9
6.8 Déraillement .9
6.9 Interfaces électriques .9
6.9.1 Généralités .9
6.9.2 Résistance électrique rail à rail .9
6.9.3 Interfaces électriques avec le réseau d’alimentation en énergie .10
6.9.4 Interfaces électriques avec les systèmes de signalisation .10
6.9.5 Circuit de voie .10
6.9.6 Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) avec les systèmes de signalisation .10
6.10 Fixation des équipements .11
6.11 Exigences relatives à la sous-structure .11
6.11.1 Généralités .11
6.11.2 Travaux de terrassement .11
6.11.3 Ponts .11
6.11.4 Tunnels . 13
6.12 Transitions . 13
6.13 Exigences relatives à l’environnement . 13
6.13.1 Généralités . 13
6.13.2 Eau . 13
6.13.3 Drainage .14
6.13.4 Température .14

iii
6.13.5 Tremblements de terre .14
6.13.6 Exposition aux produits chimiques, aux UV et à la pollution .14
6.13.7 Implications d'incendie de la structure de voie . 15
Annexe A (informative) Configuration des systèmes de voie sans ballast .16
Annexe B (informative) Chargement de trafic ferroviaire de régions ou pays spécifiques . 19
Annexe C (informative) Augmentation de la température du rail en utilisant le frein à courants
de Foucault .25
Annexe D (informative) Exemples de zones sans boucles ou avec contenu limité de métal pour
assurer la CEM .28
Annexe E (informative) Exemple de système de fixation de balise .30
Annexe F (informative) Corrélation entre les normes régionales ou nationales pertinentes .31
Bibliographie .33

iv
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux
de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général
confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire
partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document
a été rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2
(voir www.iso.org/directives).
L’ISO attire l’attention sur le fait que la mise en application du présent document peut entraîner l’utilisation
d’un ou de plusieurs brevets. L’ISO ne prend pas position quant à la preuve, à la validité et à l’applicabilité de
tout droit de brevet revendiqué à cet égard. À la date de publication du présent document, l’ISO n'avait pas
reçu notification qu’un ou plusieurs brevets pouvaient être nécessaires à sa mise en application. Toutefois,
il y a lieu d’avertir les responsables de la mise en application du présent document que des informations
plus récentes sont susceptibles de figurer dans la base de données de brevets, disponible à l'adresse
www.iso.org/patents. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsables de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits
de propriété et averti de leur existence.
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données pour
information, par souci de commodité, à l'intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l'ISO liés à l'évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l'adhésion de
l'ISO aux principes de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles techniques au
commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
Le comité chargé de l'élaboration du présent document est l'ISO/TC 269, Applications ferroviaires, Sous-
comité SC 01, Infrastructure.
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 18379 se trouve sur le site web de l'ISO.
Il convient que l'utilisateur adresse tout retour d'information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l'organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes se
trouve à l'adresse www.iso.org/members.html.

v
Introduction
Le présent document est prévu pour être utilisé par des utilisateurs, des concepteurs et des spécificateurs
de systèmes de voies sans ballast, ainsi que pour servir de référence aux fournisseurs et entrepreneurs de
construction.
vi
PROJET FINAL Norme internationale ISO/FDIS 18379-1:2026(fr)
Infrastructure ferroviaire — Voies sans ballast —
Partie 1:
Exigences générales
1 Domaine d'application
Le présent document spécifie les exigences générales relatives à la conception des systèmes de voie sans
ballast, y compris la configuration du système de voie sans ballast, les exigences des sous-systèmes et des
composants, et d'autres interfaces connexes.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique. Pour
les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
IEC 62128-1:2013, Applications ferroviaires — Installations fixes — Sécurité électrique, mise à la terre et circuit
de retour — Partie 1: Mesures de protection contre les chocs électriques
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s'appliquent.
L'ISO et l'IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en normalisation,
consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l'adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l'adresse https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
durée de vie de conception
période présumée pendant laquelle un système de voie sans ballast, ou une partie de celui-ci, doit être utilisé
conformément à son objectif
3.2
compatibilité électromagnétique
CEM
capacité d’un équipement ou d’un système à fonctionner de façon satisfaisante dans son environnement
électromagnétique sans provoquer de perturbations électromagnétiques intolérables à d’autres éléments
présents dans cet environnement
3.3
dalle flottante
système de voie sans ballast où une élasticité est introduite entre l'élément porteur de charge (généralement
une dalle) et la sous-structure, qui est une variété de système masse-ressort

3.4
sous-structure
travaux de terrassement (remblai, déblai ou rasant) ou ponts (ou autres structures de génie civil similaires)
ou plancher de tunnel qui fournissent un support au système de voie sans ballast
3.5
charge statique
action qui ne provoque pas une accélération significative de la structure ou des éléments de structure
3.6
charge quasi-statique
action dynamique représentée par une action statique équivalente dans un modèle statique
3.7
charge dynamique
action qui provoque une accélération significative de la structure ou des éléments de structure
3.8
charge exceptionnelle
charge occasionnelle qui dépasse les limites selon les normes opérationnelles pertinentes
3.9
couche de remplissage
composant de voie pour fixation qui assure la connexion et le transfert de charge (total ou partiel) entre les
sous-systèmes d'un système de voie sans ballast
3.10
chaussée
structure en couches conçue pour offrir une capacité portante durable
3.11
raideur de la voie
résistance à la déformation de l'ensemble de la structure de la voie par rapport à la force appliquée
4 Configuration de la voie sans ballast
4.1 Généralités
La configuration de la voie sans ballast est un facteur important pour aborder la conception.
4.2 Système de voie sans ballast, sous-systèmes et composants
Un système de voie sans ballast peut comprendre (sans s'y limiter) les niveaux suivants de sous-systèmes et
de composants exemplaires illustrés à la Figure 1.

Légende
1 rail/appareil de voie
2 système de fixation/système de fixation pour rail encastré
(par ex. attache, bride, semelle sous rail, matériau adhésif/d'encastrement)
3 élément préfabriqué (par ex. traverse, bloc, dalle, cadre)
4 couche intermédiaire (par ex. couche de remplissage, chausson, couche élastique, fixation)
5 chaussée (par ex. chaussée à une seule couche, à plusieurs couches, couche(s) de fondation)
6 couche de forme (par ex. membrane, revêtement, couche de compensation)
7 sous-structure
Figure 1 — Système de voie sans ballast – sous-systèmes et composants
La Figure 1 montre la structure du système de voie sans ballast selon les niveaux de sous-système et de
composant. La séquence des sous-systèmes dans la direction verticale ainsi que la présence ou l'absence
de sous-systèmes et de composants dans la voie sans ballast dépendent de la conception individuelle. Des
couches intermédiaires peuvent être utilisées à différentes interfaces (niveaux) de sous-systèmes.
Des exemples de configurations système sont donnés à l’Annexe A en utilisant le système de numérotation
spécifié à la Figure 1.
5 Actions externes
5.1 Types d’action
Les actions sur les systèmes de voies sans ballast sont classées dans les types suivants:
— actions permanentes, qui sont principalement dues au poids propre des composants du système de voie
sans ballast et d'autres éléments auxiliaires (signaux, conduits, barrières, etc.) qui peuvent être placés
sur ou attachés aux couches du système; les actions permanentes peuvent être déterminées avec la
densité des matériaux ou le poids unitaire des composants;
— actions variables, qui peuvent être dues au trafic ferroviaire (5.2), actions et conditions indirectes
imposées par la sous-structure (5.3) et l'environnement (5.4).
5.2 Chargement de trafic ferroviaire
5.2.1 Généralités
La principale fonction de la voie est de guider le véhicule en toute sécurité et de distribuer les charges
via le système de voie sans ballast sur la sous-structure. Le système de voie sans ballast doit porter les
charges émanant du trafic ferroviaire pendant sa durée de vie dans les limites opérationnelles et de sécurité
spécifiées.
Les charges sont générées par:
— des actions statiques ou quasi statiques;

— des actions dynamiques;
— des actions exceptionnelles.
Les autres charges liées à la construction, l'entretien et l'accès d'urgence doivent être envisagées si
nécessaire.
Le concepteur doit identifier tous les modèles de charges pertinents à appliquer, en tenant compte des
vitesses de fonctionnement proposées et des charges à l'essieu maximales à appliquer. L'attention est appelée
sur le besoin de définir la combinaison la plus défavorable des charges verticales, latérales et longitudinales.
NOTE Les autres véhicules qui peuvent circuler sur la surface de la voie, à côté des rails, au cours de la phase de
construction, de maintenance ou en cas d’urgence ou à un passage à niveau, ne sont pas pris en considération dans le
présent document.
5.2.2 Charges verticales
5.2.2.1 Modèles de charge
Sauf indication contraire, les charges verticales doivent être conformes aux normes régionales ou nationales
pertinentes. Les normes régionales ou nationales pertinentes sont énumérées à l’Annexe F.
Les modèles de charges verticales dues au trafic consistent en une ou plusieurs charges, organisées selon
un motif qui peut être lié à l’empattement d’essieu des véhicules ferroviaires. Des conditions d’exploitation
différentes peuvent être définies par des combinaisons de charges avec des facteurs d’amplification
appliqués conformément aux règles pertinentes, par exemple, pour la vitesse de conception. Des modèles de
charge représentant des véhicules réels peuvent être utilisés.
5.2.2.2 Charges verticales additionnelles
Les charges verticales agissent de façon inégale sur les rails intérieurs et extérieurs en raison des effets
centrifuges dans les virages ou d’une distribution des charges non uniforme. Si nécessaire, de tels effets
doivent être déterminés sur la base du modèle de véhicule appliqué, en tenant compte des paramètres de
tracé tels que le dévers et l’insuffisance de dévers.
Des charges verticales supplémentaires sont spécifiées dans les normes régionales et nationales pertinentes,
voir l’Annexe F.
5.2.2.3 Charges verticales dynamiques
Les effets dynamiques produits par les charges verticales dépendent de facteurs qui comprennent la
vitesse de circulation, la condition du véhicule et la qualité de la voie. Sauf indication contraire, les charges
dynamiques doivent être conformes aux normes régionales ou nationales pertinentes. Pour des informations
sur les charges verticales ou des régions ou pays spécifiques, voir l’Annexe B.
Les effets dynamiques des charges de trafic peuvent être déterminés à partir de l'analyse dynamique du
système de voie sans ballast avec la sous-structure pertinente sous les charges des trains en exploitation.
À titre d’alternative, des effets dynamiques peuvent être obtenus à partir d'une analyse quasi-statique en
utilisant le modèle de charge multiplié par une amplification dynamique cohérente.
5.2.2.4 Charges verticales exceptionnelles
Il convient d’évaluer l’impact et la fréquence des charges exceptionnelles dans la conception.
5.2.3 Charges latérales
Sauf indication contraire, les charges dynamiques doivent être conformes aux normes régionales ou
nationales pertinentes.
Les charges latérales agissent toujours en combinaison avec les charges verticales correspondantes, voir
l’Annexe B.
Les effets suivants doivent être pris en compte:
— les forces centrifuges (applicables uniquement aux courbes);
— les effets dynamiques du véhicule dus aux irrégularités de fonctionnement du véhicule ou aux irrégularités
de la voie;
— les efforts dus à la force extérieure simultanée dans la direction opposée à la force centrifuge provenant
de l'action de guidage.
5.2.4 Charges longitudinales
5.2.4.1 Freinage et accélération
Sauf indication contraire, les charges longitudinales causées par le freinage et l'accélération doivent être
prises en compte en combinaison avec les charges verticales correspondantes, et être conformes aux normes
régionales ou nationales pertinentes. Pour des informations sur les charges longitudinales ou des régions ou
pays spécifiques, voir l’Annexe B.
5.2.4.2 Frein à courants de Foucault (FCF)
Si applicable, les effets des freins à courants de Foucault doivent être pris en considération. Les effets des
systèmes de FCF, si utilisés pour le freinage de service normal, dépendent de la force de freinage et de la
fréquence des trains. Les effets dus à l'action d'un freinage d'urgence sont nettement plus élevés; il convient
de les gérer en tant que chargement exceptionnel selon 5.2.2.4 et 5.2.4.3 pour les freins magnétiques. Les
effets des systèmes de FCF en termes de chargement de la voie sont:
— une force d'attraction verticale entre le frein et les composants ferromagnétiques du système de voie
sans ballast et de l'équipement de la voie;
— la force d'attraction verticale maximale activée par des aimants doit être déterminée et spécifiée à
partir du matériel roulant. La force d'attraction peut interférer avec les composants mobiles de la
voie, par exemple, les appareils de voie;
— les forces d'attraction verticales entre le système de freinage et le long rail soudé (LRS) ne sont
généralement pas supérieures à 40 kN / bogie et par rail en cas de freinage d’explotation et d'urgence;
— une force longitudinale du rail équilibrant la force de freinage activée;
— échauffement des rails:
— cet effet doit être calculé en augmentant la température maximum du rail. Cela doit également
être pris en considération lors de la définition de la température de contrainte nulle du rail pour la
constitution de LRS;
— la température à prendre en compte est l'équivalent de la température globale de la section
transversale du rail et non de la température de surface;
— l'utilisation des FCF peut augmenter la température des rails en fonction de la force d'attraction
verticale activée et des FCF actionnés par la séquence de train sur le même emplacement de voie.
Un exemple de contrainte supplémentaire dans le rail calculée à partir de l'augmentation de la
température du rail est donné à l’Annexe C. Elle doit également tenir compte de la contribution
maximale du FCF à la décélération opérationnelle et la séquence des trains. Voir Annexe C pour un
exemple le calcul de l’augmentation de la température du rail due au FCF;
— de manière alternative, l'augmentation de la température du rail maximale autorisée due au freinage
à courants de Foucault doit être spécifiée. L'acceptation des FCF comme systèmes de freinage
opérationnels nécessite un système de contrôle de la température basé sur le véhicule ou sur la voie.

5.2.4.3 Charges longitudinales exceptionnelles
Le freinage électromagnétique est utilisé comme freinage d'urgence et aussi comme système de freinage
en service. Il convient de considérer uniquement les effets thermiques et les charges longitudinales comme
des charges exceptionnelles de la voie pour les systèmes de voie sans ballast. Tant que l’augmentation de la
température du rail due au freinage d’urgence n’excède pas 6 K, le cas est couvert par la marge de sécurité
appliquée dans le cadre des procédures de conception de la voie et aucun calcul supplémentaire n’est requis.
5.3 Actions et conditions indirectes imposées par la sous-structure
5.3.1 Généralités
Le présent article spécifie les actions indirectes et d'autres conditions de charge ou actions imposées par la
sous-structure qui affectent la performance du système de voie sans ballast.
5.3.2 Actions indirectes
L’effet des actions indirectes suivantes doit être pris en compte:
— les effets rhéologiques (retrait, fluage ou relaxation) du béton, des matériaux à base de ciment et d'autres
matériaux du système de voie sans ballast et l'interaction de ceux-ci avec la sous-structure;
— la précontrainte.
5.3.3 Travaux de terrassement
5.3.3.1 Généralités
Les caractéristiques et la performance d'un terrassement dans la conception du système de voie sans
ballast doivent être conformes aux normes régionales ou nationales pertinentes. Les normes régionales ou
nationales pertinentes sont répertoriées à l’Annexe F.
Pour le système de voie sans ballast, il est nécessaire de limiter les déformations permanentes (affaissements
ou soulèvements) ainsi que les déformations élastiques dues aux charges variables. Les limites de conception
de ces paramètres doivent être déterminées pour la conception du système de voie sans ballast et pour
définir les spécifications de conception et de construction des ouvrages en terre.
Au cours de la construction, il convient de mettre en place des essais adaptés pour s’assurer de la réalisation
de la réponse en déformation due à la charge telle que conçue.
5.3.3.2 Raideur
La raideur de la sous-structure doit être définie, afin de concevoir le système de voie sans ballast.
5.3.3.3 Capacité portante
Il convient de spécifier la contrainte limite appliquée par le système de voie sans ballast sur la sous-structure.
5.3.3.4 Déformation permanente résiduelle
Le système de voie sans ballast ne tolère pas de déformation permanente et significative de l'infrastructure
qui affecterait négativement la vitesse prévue ou la qualité de marche du trafic ferroviaire. Les limites
de déformation permanente, par exemple en raison d'un affaissement ou d'un soulèvement, doivent être
spécifiées. Les effets de ces actions indirectes sur la performance du système de voie sans ballast doivent
être évalués.
5.3.4 Ponts
5.3.4.1 Généralités
Les caractéristiques et la performance d'un pont dans la conception du système de voie sans ballast doivent
être conformes aux normes régionales ou nationales pertinentes. Les normes régionales ou nationales
pertinentes sont répertoriées à l’Annexe F. Les déflexions et rotations maximales autorisées du tablier de
pont doivent être utilisées comme conditions d'entrée pour la conception du système de voie sans ballast,
avec une attention particulière aux effets locaux aux extrémités du tablier de pont.
La conception de la voie sans ballast doit tenir compte des contraintes produites en raison de la réponse du
pont aux charges et actions appliquées (c'est-à-dire, une forme déformée concave dans la travée et convexe
sur les supports du pont).
La conception des voies sans ballast sur les ponts doit tenir compte de l'impact de l'utilisation de dispositifs
de dilatation des rails ou d'aiguillages lorsque la situation l'exige.
5.3.4.2 Déformation à long terme des ponts
La relation entre la déformation du tablier du pont et la travée ou la longueur de déformation doit être prise
en compte. Des dispositions pour la déformation à long terme après l'installation du système de voie sans
ballast doivent être incluses dans la conception du système de voie sans ballast.
La déformation à long terme peut être provoquée, par exemple, par une charge permanente, des différences
de température saisonnière, des effets de fluage et de retrait et la relaxation des éléments en béton
précontraint.
La relation entre la travée (longueur affectée) du pont et la déformation verticale du tablier de pont doit être
calculée conformément aux normes régionales ou nationales pertinentes, voir Annexe F.
5.3.4.3 Mouvements des ponts dus aux actions sur le pont
Conformément aux normes régionales ou nationales pertinentes, des limites d’interface et des exigences
doivent être définies pour les actions dues aux effets de la circulation ferroviaire et aux effets des
chargements environnementaux sur le pont et de leur incidence sur la conception du système de voie sans
ballast.
5.3.5 Tunnels
Il convient d’inclure dans les exigences du système l'influence des effets aérodynamiques de la conception
du système de voie sans ballast.
5.4 Actions environnementales
5.4.1 Généralités
Le système de voie sans ballast doit continuer de fonctionner tel que prévu lorsque soumis à des conditions
environnementales pertinentes et représentatives. Ces conditions sont divisées en actions physiques et
chimiques représentatives. Les actions environnementales représentent les conditions de travail pour
le système de voie sans ballast et doivent être utilisées afin de déterminer les exigences de performance
pour le système. Les conditions locales de température, d'humidité ou d'autres actions environnementales
doivent être définies à l'étape de conception.
Le présent paragraphe définit les actions environnementales et les effets artificiels agissant sur le système
de voie sans ballast en raison de:
— la température;
— les tremblements de terre.
5.4.2 Température
L'exposition à la température ambiante et aux variations de température doit être prise en compte au cours
de la durée de vie du système de voie sans ballast. Durant la phase de conception, les aspects suivants de
l'exposition à la température doivent être prises en compte, le cas échéant.
Les éléments suivants doivent être pris en compte:
— l'exposition à la température ambiante et l'effet du rayonnement solaire;
— les effets des gradients de température pendant les phases d'échauffement et de refroidissement;
— les effets des variations quotidiennes et saisonnières de température;
— les effets thermiques dus à l’exploitation du matériel roulant, par exemple FCF (le cas échéant),
conformément à 5.2.4.2;
— les effets thermiques pendant et dus à l’installation, la maintenance et l’exploitation;
— les effets de l’exposition à la température de la sous-structure et de toute dalle flottante, conformément
à 5.3.
Il convient de prêter une attention particulière aux effets de la température contribuant à des mouvements
horizontaux et verticaux, l'interaction avec la sous-structure et l'interaction avec d'autres systèmes de voie
tels qu’une voie ballastée et dalle flottante.
5.4.3 Tremblement de terre
La sensibilité de la sous-structure aux tremblements de terre doit être prise en compte, le cas échéant, sur la
durée de vie du système de voie sans ballast.
6 Exigences du système
6.1 Géométrie de la voie
Le système de voie sans ballast doit présenter une géométrie précise et durable par rapport à la voie, y
compris la possibilité d’ajuster la position verticale et horizontale des rails. La conception doit permettre des
ajustements et une maintenance future, voir 6.5.
6.2 Stabilité de la voie
La voie doit offrir une résistance longitudinale, latérale et verticale pour maintenir la stabilité de la
géométrie de la voie et transférer les charges à la sous-structure en assurant la sécurité et le confort des
passagers. Une attention particulière doit être accordée à la résistance au flambement de la voie contre les
forces longitudinales engendrées par les effets thermiques.
6.3 Gabarit
La conception du profil de surface pour le système de voie sans ballast doit être conforme aux exigences
du gabarit de structure dans les normes régionales ou nationales pertinentes. Les normes régionales ou
nationales pertinentes sont répertoriées à l’Annexe F.
6.4 Durée de vie de conception
Il convient que les systèmes de voie sans ballast aient une durée de vie de conception d’au moins 50 ans,
sauf spécification contraire. Les sous-systèmes et les composants qui sont sujets à une durée de vie plus
courte en raison de l’usure ou de la fatigue, par exemple les rails, doivent pouvoir être remplacés de manière
adéquate.
6.5 Maintenabilité
Les exigences liées à la maintenance du système de voie sans ballast doivent être prises en considération au
cours de la phase de conception. Il convient qu’elles incluent la surveillance, la réparation et le remplacement
des composants, des sous-systèmes, ou de l’ensemble du système de voie sans ballast, ainsi que les activités
de maintenance les plus courantes, par exemple le réglage des contraintes des LRS, la reprise des défauts de
rail, l’ajustement de la géométrie de la voie, le meulage.
6.6 Durabilité environnementale
La durabilité du système de voie sans ballast concerne essentiellement divers paramètres environnementaux,
par exemple:
— l’empreinte carbone (émission de CO , consommation d'énergie, analyse du cycle de vie);
— l’économie circulaire: réutilisation, recyclage/capacité de recyclage des matériaux;
— l’impact écologique, par exemple l’impact sur la flore et la faune;
— d’autres impacts environnementaux, y compris l'acoustique et l'esthétique.
Le cas échéant, il convient de réaliser l'évaluation de la performance de la durabilité.
6.7 Bruit et vibrations
Pour se conformer aux exigences relatives au bruit, des caractéristiques particulières de voie peuvent être
incorporées au système de voie sans ballast pour réguler le bruit.
Les exigences de vibration peuvent nécessiter un ajustement des propriétés du système de voie ou
l'introduction d'éléments élastiques intermédiaires pour répondre aux performances spécifiées, ou les deux.
La raideur de la voie peut être affectée par les exigences en matière de réduction du bruit et des vibrations
transmis par le sol.
6.8 Déraillement
La conception du système de voie sans ballast doit tenir compte des effets des actions des roues d’un véhicule
déraillé. Le système de voie sans ballast doit intégrer des mesures de confinement ou de protection contre le
déraillement là où cela est nécessaire.
6.9 Interfaces électriques
6.9.1 Généralités
Ce paragraphe décrit les exigences génériques pour le système de voie sans ballast en ce qui concerne les
interfaces électriques et mécaniques avec:
— les réseaux d'alimentation en courant de traction;
— les systèmes de signalisation;
— les autres équipements de voie.
6.9.2 Résistance électrique rail à rail
Une évaluation de l'isolation rail à rail est nécessaire pour s'assurer qu'il n'y a pas de connexion électrique
involontaire pouvant entrer en conflit avec les systèmes de signalisation ou de traction électrique. Par
conséquent, une isolation rail à rail minimale doit être mise en place. Cette exigence est exprimée en termes
de résistance des systèmes d’attaches en kΩ.
NOTE Voir ISO 22074-5 pour les méthodes d’essai de la résistance électrique.

La valeur de la résistance par unité de longueur est obtenue à partir d’essais en laboratoire. Ces mesures
sont prises entre les deux rails et multipliées par l'espacement prévu des supports (et multipliées par le
nombre de paires de supports soumises à l’essai si plus d'une) ou multipliées par la longueur de l'échantillon
dans le cas de rails continuellement supportés (par exemple, encastrés). La résistance rail-rail totale par
unité de longueur est exprimée en Ω.km ou kΩ.m.
6.9.3 Interfaces électriques avec le réseau d’alimentation en énergie
Pour les voies ferrées électrifiées, les rails font partie du circuit de retour, sauf dans des cas particuliers.
Les propriétés structurales et électriques du système de voie sans ballast doivent être coordonnées avec
les exigences relatives à la sécurité électrique, à la mise à la terre, à la continuité électrique et au circuit de
retour tel que définis dans les normes régionales ou nationales pertinentes.
Les points qui nécessitent une attention particulière sont les suivants:
— l’isolement des rails par rapport à l’ouvr
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