ISO 17748-3:2026

International
Standard
ISO 17748-3
First edition
Intelligent transport systems —
2026-09
Energy-based green ITS services for
smart city mobility applications via
nomadic and mobile devices —
Part 3:
Data exchange requirements for
electric vehicle (EV)-based demand
response charging services
Systèmes de transport intelligents — Services STI écologiques
basés sur l'énergie pour les applications de mobilité des villes
intelligentes via des dispositifs nomades et mobiles —
Partie 3: Exigences en matière d'échange de données pour les
services de recharge à la demande des véhicules électriques (VE)
Reference number
© ISO 2026
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions .2
3.2 Abbreviated terms .3
4 Supported EV-based DR services . 3
4.1 DR service .3
4.2 Reverse DR service .4
4.3 EV-based demand response service procedures .5
4.3.1 Standard DR service procedure .5
4.3.2 Fine dust DR service procedure .7
4.3.3 Reverse DR service procedure .9
5 Requirements for main actors .11
5.1 Overview .11
5.2 EV requirements .11
5.3 charging station requirements . 12
5.4 Nomadic device requirements . 12
5.5 Service provider requirements . . 13
5.6 Smart city cloud requirements . 13
5.7 Metering device requirements .14
5.7.1 Overview .14
5.7.2 Requirements of the payment meter . .14
5.7.3 Requirements of the DR meter . .14
6 Requirements for communication .15
6.1 Overview . 15
6.2 Requirements for communication between smart city cloud and service providers .16
6.3 Requirements for communication between service providers and CSO .17
6.4 Requirements for communication between CSO and EV users .17
6.5 Requirements for communication between CSOs and charging stations .17
6.6 Requirements for communication between charging station and EV .17
6.7 Requirements for communication between smart city cloud and payment meter .17
6.8 Requirements for communication between service provider and DR meter .17
7 Data set and data processing for EV-based DR . 17
Annex A (informative)  . 19
Annex B (informative)  .23
Bibliography .26

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
A list of all parts in the ISO 17748 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
Renewable energy sources in the electric power system have been increasing as part of efforts to overcome
the global climate crisis (see ISO Guide 84). Unlike traditionally concentrated electric power generation
sources, renewable energy sources are distributed nationwide. Cities are getting smarter thanks to
information and communication technologies. They are also growing larger as the urbanization rate (the
share of a population living in urban areas) rapidly increases. The number of eco-friendly electric vehicles in
the transportation sector is also increasing. These changes make the efficient use of electric energy pivotal
in cities, especially smart cities, which need to take climate action to reach carbon neutrality.
This document is based on the assumption that a smart city has its own energy management system to
operate the electric power grid that provides electric energy for its citizens. It defines data exchange
requirements to support electric vehicle (EV)-based demand response (DR) services that utilize nomadic
devices in smart cities.
This document considers two types of EV-based DR service. The first type reduces electric energy
consumption in response to a reduction request event issued by the energy management system of the
smart city. Such an event can be issued in consideration of a shortage of reserved power, or on days when
naturally occurring fine dust is so severe that, in accordance with the environmental policy of the smart
city, coal-fired power plants blamed for the fine dust emissions are not operated. In this case, EV owners
who receive a demand reduction request message from a DR service provider via nomadic devices can stop
charging their EVs or reduce the charging load of EVs that are currently being charged.
The second type of EV-based DR service increases demand on days when a grid-side imbalance event is
forecast due to over-generation of electric power from renewable energy sources. In this case, EV owners
who receive a demand increase request message from a DR service provider can go to a specified charging
station and charge their EVs during a specified time period.
These services, interworking the energy and transportation sectors, will contribute to making cities safer,
more comfortable and more sustainable.

v
International Standard ISO 17748-3:2026(en)
Intelligent transport systems — Energy-based green ITS
services for smart city mobility applications via nomadic and
mobile devices —
Part 3:
Data exchange requirements for electric vehicle (EV)-based
demand response charging services
1 Scope
This document specifies the data exchange requirements between related systems within the smart city for
electric vehicle (EV)-based demand response (DR) services utilizing nomadic devices as follows:
— EV-based DR service for demand reduction, called “demand response” during the shortage of reserve on
electric grid or in response to a fine dust warning issued according to an air quality forecast;
— EV-based DR for demand increase, called “reverse demand response”, instead of curtailment during
excess electricity generation by renewable energy sources such as the sun and wind.
This document defines the requirements of main actors such as the EV, nomadic device, smart city cloud,
charging station and service provider to support EV-based DR services.
This document also defines the data set and data processing procedure requirements for EV-based DR
services.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15118-2, Road vehicles — Vehicle-to-Grid Communication Interface — Part 2: Network and application
protocol requirements
ISO 15118-20, Road vehicles — Vehicle to grid communication interface — Part 20: 2nd generation network
layer and application layer requirements
IEC 61851-1, Electric vehicle conductive charging system — Part 1: General requirements
IEC 62746-10-1, Systems interface between customer energy management system and the power management
system — Part 10-1: Open automated demand response
IEC 63584, Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP)
3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp

— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
payment meter
electricity meter with additional functionality that can be operated and controlled to allow the flow of
energy according to agreed payment modes
3.1.2
customer baseline load
pattern of electric demand as usual, needed to measure performance of demand response program
3.1.3
demand response meter
meter installed by the service provider to measure load amount of the customer
3.1.4
electric vehicle supply equipment
equipment or a combination of equipment, providing dedicated functions to supply electric energy from a
fixed electrical installation or supply network to an electric vehicle for power transfer
3.1.5
electric vehicle-based demand response
demand response activity by which the cost of charging electric vehicles is modified to cause consumers to
shift consumption patterns
3.1.6
load increase amount
difference between the customer baseline load and the actual power consumption at each transaction time
when the customer increases power load through participation in reverse demand response
3.1.7
load reduction amount
difference between the customer baseline load and the actual power consumption at each transaction time
when the customer reduces power load through participation in reduction demand response
3.1.8
nomadic device
device that provides communications connectivity via equipment such as cellular telephones, mobile
wireless broadband (e.g. WIMAX, HC-SDMA), WiFi, etc.
3.1.9
reverse demand response resources
demand response resources for large-scale transaction of power load increase
3.1.10
smart city cloud
advanced city platform using information and communication technology to intelligently network key
functions of the city
3.1.11
standard demand response resources
demand response resources for large-scale transaction of power load reduction
3.1.12
virtual end node
client, energy management system, thermostat or other end device that accepts the OpenADR signal from a
server like virtual top node
3.1.13
virtual top node
server that transmits OpenADR signals to end devices or other intermediate servers
3.2 Abbreviated terms
Abbreviation Term
AC alternating current
CBL customer baseline load
CSMS charging station management system
CSO charging station operator
DC direct current
DR demand response
EMS energy management system
EV electric vehicle
EVSE electric vehicle supply equipment
HTML hypertext markup language
HTTP hypertext transfer protocol
IP internet protocol
ND nomadic device
OCPP open charge point protocol
OpenADR open automated demand response
RRMSE relative root mean squared error
TCP transmission control protocol
TLS transport layer security
VEN virtual end node
VTN virtual top node
WPT wireless power transfer
XML extensible markup language
XMPP extensible messaging and presence protocol
YAML yet another markup language
4 Supported EV-based DR services
4.1 DR service
In general, DR refers to the market participation behaviour of electricity users to change their normal load
consumption patterns in response to market price signals or incentive mechanisms. The EV-based DR
(IEC 63382-1) service is based on an incentive mechanism. By adjusting the charging load, problems such
as mismatch between peak generation and peak load, peak regulating capacity and shortage of reserve
capacity can be alleviated as shown in Figure 1. DR service is an action that the registered customers stop
charging EVs or reduce charging load of EVs which are being charged during the time period specified in
demand reduction request message from service provider.
Electricity is hard to store, so the balance between supply and demand in the electric power system needs to
be maintained at any moment. Therefore, smart city cloud forecasts next day power demand a day ahead and
notifies service providers of the DR event, and then service providers inform reduction event of registered

customers pre-designated time ahead (a suitable time depending on the grid conditions of smart city) such
as half hour, one hour or day ahead as in the following cases:
— when critical stress, high demand, or shortage of reserve in the electric power grid is expected next day
(called standard DR), notify half hour or one hour or a suitable time, depending on the grid conditions,
before service (for standard DR use cases, refer to USE Cases 1, 2, and 3 in Annex A);
— when coal fire generation is limited because of fine dust warning to be issued next day (called fine dust
DR), notify one day before service (for fine dust DR use cases, refer to USE Cases 1, 2, and 3 in Annex A);
Figure 1 — EV-based standard DR service
4.2 Reverse DR service
Customers who have registered for the reverse DR service charge their EVs during the time period specified
in the reverse demand request message from the service provider, as shown in Figure 2. Smart city cloud
forecasts power demand for the next day (or tomorrow) one day before and notifies service providers of
reverse DR event pre-designated time ahead according to the electric power system market operation rules
for smart city, such as a day ahead as in the following case:
— when there is a risk of over-generation from solar and wind power on the electric grid next day because
conventional resources cannot be reduced any further to penetrate the variable renewable energy.
Figure 2 — EV-based reverse DR service

Over-generation has a relatively simple technical solution referred to as curtailment. While curtailment is
technically easy, it has the obvious undesirable trait of reducing the economic and environmental benefits
of variable generation. Therefore, the reverse DR service is one of the best solutions for the over-generation
issue.
4.3 EV-based demand response service procedures
4.3.1 Standard DR service procedure
The standard DR service procedure, including especially the role of a nomadic device, shall be followed as
shown in Figure 3. A detailed procedure for standard DR service is described in Table 1.
Figure 3 — Standard DR service procedure

3. Calculation & Settle-
1. Contract & Registration 2. DR implementation & metering
ment
Table 1 — Description of standard DR service procedure
Procedure Detail
1. The applicant who wants to participate in the standard DR service shall request
the DR service provider to register the applicant as a standard DR customer
The applicant shall submit the following documents:
— DR customer application for registration;
— consent to collection and use of personal information (for individual appli-

Contract 1.1
cant);
— consent to collection and use of information (for corporation applicant).
[Refer to Annex B for the documentation form.]
2. The DR service provider shall verify the applicant’s information and calculates CBL.
3. The DR service provider shall sign the contract with the applicant.
1. The DR service provider shall configure CSOs as standard DR resources and re-
quest smart city cloud to register them for the standard DR service.
2. The DR service provider submits the following information for resource validation.
— DR meter specification information;
Registration 1.2
— metered data (pre-designated period according to the electric power system

market operation rules for smart city such as for the past 6 months or suitable
time based on electricity market conditions for RRMSE, CBL).
3. The smart city cloud shall register all standard DR resources and metering infor-
mation of DR service providers in the DR resource management system.
The smart city cloud shall request the standard DR participation with the following
information for DR service providers.
2.1
— DR participation time
The DR service provider shall request the standard DR participation with the fol-
lowing information prior to implementation of the DR service.
2.2
Start — DR participation time
The CSO shall request EV user to participate in standard DR with the following
information prior to implementation of the DR service.
2.3
— DR participation time
The EV user shall respond to the CSO whether they want to participate in standard
2.4
DR or not.
1. The DR service provider shall collect and store the metered data every pre-des-
ignated interval such as at every 5 minutes or a suitable time interval based on
electricity market conditions via the DR meter installed at CSO’s site.
Metering 2.5
2. The smart city cloud shall collect and store the customer’s load data every pre-des-
ignated interval such as at every 15 minutes or a market-aligned time interval via
the payment meter installed at CSO’s site.
The CSO shall provide EV users with standard DR termination information and par-
Termination 2.6 ticipation incentives. And the CSO should request EV users to maintain the current
load level for the time being as much as possible.
The DR service provider shall calculate the performance data based on reduction
3.1
amounts using the metered data via the DR meter installed in the CSO site.
Calculation
The DR service provider shall submit settlement (performance) data per each re-
3.2 source to the smart city cloud after the termination of the DR within the specified
days and request settlement.
The smart city cloud shall validate the settlement data and pay the settlement to
3.3
the DR service provider within the designated period.
Settlement
The DR service provider shall distribute the settlement to each participating CSO
3.4
based on their individual DR performance (load reduction amount).

4.3.2 Fine dust DR service procedure
Fine dust DR service procedure shall be followed as shown in Figure 4. Detailed procedure for fine dust DR
service is described in Table 2.
Figure 4 — Fine dust DR service procedure

2. DR Bidding
1. Contract & Registration 3. DR implementation & metering
Table 2 — Description of fine dust DR service procedure
Procedure Detail
1. The applicant who wants to participate in the fine dust DR service shall request
the DR service provider to register the applicant as a fine dust DR customer.
The applicant shall submit the following documents:
— DR customer application for registration;
— consent to collection and use of personal information (for individual

Contract 1.1
applicant);
— consent to collection and use of information (for corporation applicant).
[Refer to Annex B for the documentation form.]
2. The DR service provider shall verify the applicant’s information and calculates CBL.
3. The DR service provider shall sign the contract with the applicant.
1. The DR service provider shall configure CSOs as DR resources and request smart
city cloud to register them for fine dust DR service.
2. The DR service provider shall submit the following information for DR resource
validation
— DR meter specification information;
Registration 1.2
— metered data (pre-designated period according to the electric power system

market operation rules for smart city such as for the past 6 months or suitable
time based on electricity market conditions for RRMSE, CBL).
3. The smart city cloud shall register all DR resources and metering information
of DR service providers in the DR resource management system.
2.1 The CSO shall request the load reduction amount to participate in fine dust DR.
The smart city cloud shall provide the bidding information about the fine dust DR
2.2 service to the DR service provider. (Bidding information is published through the
smart city cloud website.)
2.3 The DR service provider shall participate in the fine dust DR bidding.
2.4 The smart city cloud shall notify the winning bid to the DR service provider.
2.5 The DR service provider shall notify the CSO of the load reduction quota.
The DR service provider shall request the fine dust DR participation with the fol-
lowing information prior to implementation of the DR service:
3.1
— DR participation time.
The CSO shall request EV user to participate in fine dust with the following infor-
Start
mation prior to implementation of the DR service.
3.2
— DR participation time.
The EV user shall respond to the CSO whether they want to participate in fine dust
3.3
DR or not.
1. The DR service provider shall collect and store the metered data every pre-des-
ignated interval such as at every 5 minutes or a suitable time interval based on
electricity market conditions via the DR meter installed at CSO’s site.
Metering 3.4
2. The smart city cloud collects and stores the customer’s load data every pre-des-
ignated interval such as every 15 minutes or a market-aligned time interval via
the payment meter installed at CSO’s site.
The CSO shall provide EV users with fine dust DR termination information and
Termination 3.5 participation incentives. And the COS should request EV users to maintain the
current load level for the time being as much as possible.

4. Calculation & Settle-
ment
ISO
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