ETSI TS 143 059 V15.2.0 (2020-04)

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM);
Functional stage 2 description of Location Services (LCS) in
GERAN
(3GPP TS 43.059 version 15.2.0 Release 15)

R
GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR
MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
3GPP TS 43.059 version 15.2.0 Release 15 1 ETSI TS 143 059 V15.2.0 (2020-04)

Reference
RTS/TSGR-0643059vf20
Keywords
GSM
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ETSI
3GPP TS 43.059 version 15.2.0 Release 15 2 ETSI TS 143 059 V15.2.0 (2020-04)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
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Legal Notice
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The present document may refer to technical specifications or reports using their 3GPP identities. These shall be
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Modal verbs terminology
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"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
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"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI
3GPP TS 43.059 version 15.2.0 Release 15 3 ETSI TS 143 059 V15.2.0 (2020-04)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 2
Legal Notice . 2
Modal verbs terminology . 2
Foreword . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 References . 8
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 10
3.1 Definitions . 10
3.2 Abbreviations . 11
4 Main concepts . 12
4.1 Assumptions . 12
4.2 Standard LCS Methods . 12
4.2.1 Timing Advance . 12
4.2.2 Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD) positioning mechanism. 12
4.2.3 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based positioning mechanism . 12
4.2.4 Uplink Time Difference of Arrival (U-TDOA) positioning mechanism . 13
4.2.5 Multilateration Positioning Methods . 13
4.2.5.1 Multilateration Timing Advance . 13
4.2.5.2 Multilateration OTD. 13
5 GERAN LCS Architecture . 13
5.1 LCS Operations . 14
5.2 High-Level Functions . 15
5.2.1 Co-ordination, Measurement and Calculation Functions . 16
5.3 GERAN LCS Functional Entities . 17
5.3.1 Internal Client Group . 17
5.3.1.1 Internal GERAN Location Client Function (LCF) . 17
5.3.2 GERAN System Handling group . 17
5.3.2.1 GERAN Location System Control Function (LSCF) . 17
5.3.2.2 GERAN Location System Operations Function (LSOF) . 17
5.3.2.3 Location System Broadcast Function (LSBcF) . 17
5.3.3 Positioning group . 18
5.3.3.1 GERAN Position Radio Co-ordination Function (PRCF) . 18
5.3.3.2 GERAN Position Calculation Function (PCF) . 18
5.3.3.3 GERAN Position Signal Measurement Function (PSMF) . 19
5.3.3.4 GERAN Position Radio Resource Management (PRRM) . 19
5.4 Assignment of LCS Functional Entities to GERAN Elements . 19
5.5 Functional Description of GERAN LCS Network Elements . 19
5.5.1 BSC . 19
5.5.2 SMLC . 19
5.5.3 CBC . 20
5.5.4 LMU . 20
5.5.5 MS . 20
6 Signalling Protocols and Interfaces . 20
6.1 Protocol layering in A/Gb mode . 20
6.1.1 Generic Signalling Model . 20
6.1.2 Message Segmentation in A/Gb mode . 21
6.1.2.1 Network Level Segmentation . 21
6.1.2.2 Intermediate Level Segmentation . 22
6.1.2.3 RRLP Pseudo-Segmentation . 22
6.1.3 Signalling between an SMLC, MSC and BSC. 22
6.1.3a Signalling between an SMLC, SGSN and BSS . 22
6.1.4 Signaling between SMLC and MS . 23
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6.1.5 SMLC Signalling to a Type A LMU . 24
6.1.5.1 Circuit Switched Signalling using an SDCCH . 24
6.1.5.2 Signalling using a TCH . 24
6.1.6 SMLC signalling to a Type B LMU . 25
6.1.7 SMLC Signalling to a peer SMLC . 26
6.2 Protocol layering in Iu mode . 26
6.2.1 Signalling between SMLC and MSC/SGSN . 26
6.2.2 Signalling between SMLC and MS . 27
6.2.3 SMLC signalling to a Type A LMU . 28
6.2.4 SMLC signalling to a Type B LMU . 28
6.2.5 SMLC signalling to a peer SMLC . 28
7 GERAN Network Location Procedures . 28
7.1 State description for SMLC . 28
7.1.1 SMLC States . 28
7.1.1.1 NULL State . 28
7.1.1.2 LOCATION State . 28
7.1.2 State Functionality . 29
7.1.2.1 State Transitions . 29
7.1.2.2 LOCATION Timer Function . 29
7.2 State Description for the BSC . 29
7.2.1 BSC States . 29
7.2.1.1 IDLE State. 29
7.2.1.2 LOCATION State . 29
7.2.2 State Functionality . 30
7.2.2.1 State Transitions . 30
7.2.2.2 LOCATION Timer Function . 30
7.3 Usage of SCCP Connection on the Lb interface in the CS domain in A/Gb mode . 30
7.3.1 SCCP Connection for positioning of a target MS . 30
7.3.2 SCCP connection to access a Type A LMU . 31
7.4 Usage of SCCP Connection on the Lb interface in the PS domain in A/Gb mode. 31
7.4.1 SCCP Connection for positioning of a target MS . 31
8 Common Procedures to Support Positioning . 32
8.1 Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in the CS Domain in A/Gb mode for E-OTD
and A-GNSS positioning methods . 32
8.1a Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in the PS Domain in A/Gb mode . 33
8.1b Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Target MS in Iu Mode . 34
8.2 Information Transfer between an SMLC and a BSC . 35
8.3 Common Procedures to Support Access to an LMU . 36
8.3.1 Location Update Procedure between an SMLC and a Type A LMU . 36
8.3.2 IMSI Detach Procedure between an SMLC and a Type A LMU . 36
8.3.3 LCS Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type A LMU . 38
8.3.3.1 Information Transfer using an SDCCH. 38
8.3.3.2 Information Transfer using a TCH . 39
8.3.4 LCS Information Transfer between an SMLC and a Type B LMU . 40
8.4 Common Control Procedures for LMUs . 41
8.4.1 Reset Procedure . 41
8.4.2 Status Query Procedure . 41
8.4.3 Status Update Procedure . 42
8.5 Exception Procedures . 42
8.5.1 Procedures in the SMLC . 42
8.5.2 Procedures in an LMU . 43
8.5.3 Procedures in the BSC in the CS Domain . 43
8.5.3.1 General Procedures . 43
8.5.3.2 Rejection of an SMLC Positioning Request . 44
8.5.3.3 Interaction with Inter-BSC Handover . 44
8.5.3.4 Interaction with Intra-BSC Handover and other RR Management Procedures . 44
8.5.3.5 Priority of Handover and Other RR Management Procedures . 44
8.5.3.6 Interaction with Segmentation support for Legacy MS. 44
8.5.3.7 Overload . 45
8.5.4 Procedures in the BSS in the PS Domain . 45
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8.5.4.1 General Procedures . 45
8.5.4.2 Rejection of an SMLC Positioning Request . 45
8.5.4.3 Overload . 45
8.5.4.4 Inter BSS Cell Change . 46
8.5.5 Void . 46
8.6 Procedures in the Target MS . 46
8.7 Further Procedures for Handover . 46
9 Positioning procedures . 46
9.1 Positioning Procedure Initiation . 46
9.1.1 Core Network Position Procedure Initiation over the A interface . 46
9.1.2 Positioning Procedure Initiation from an Internal LCS Client for the CS Domain (A/Gb mode) . 47
9.1.3 Core Network Position Procedure Initiation over the Gb interface . 47
9.1.3a Core Network Position Procedure Initiation over the Gb interface for Multilateration Positioning
methods . 48
9.1.4 Positioning Procedure Initiation from Core Network (Iu mode) . 49
9.1.5 Positioning Procedure Initiation from Internal LCS Client (Iu mode) . 49
9.2 Common Positioning Procedure for CS Domain in A/Gb mode . 49
9.2a Common Positioning Procedure for PS Domain in A/Gb mode . 50
9.2b Common Positioning Procedure for Iu mode . 51
9.2c GPRS Cell Change for the PS Domain in A/Gb mode . 52
9.2c.1 Intra-BSS Cell Change . 52
9.2c.2 Inter-BSS Cell Change . 52
9.3 TA Based Positioning in CS Domain for A/Gb-mode . 53
9.3.1 Definition of TA states . 53
9.3.1.1 MS in IDLE State . 53
9.3.1.2 MS in DEDICATED State . 53
9.3.2 TA Positioning Procedure . 54
9.3.3 Unsuccessful TA positioning procedure in BSC . 54
9.3a TA Based Positioning in PS Domain for A/Gb-mode . 54
9.3a.1 Definition of PS Domain TA Modes . 55
9.3a.1.1 MS in Packet Idle Mode . 55
9.3a.1.2 MS in Packet Transfer Mode . 55
9.3a.2 TA Positioning Procedure . 55
9.3a.2a TA Positioning Procedure for an MS in EC operation. 56
9.3a.3 Unsuccessful TA positioning procedure in BSS . 57
9.4 E-OTD and A-GNSS Positioning Procedures . 57
9.4.1 General procedures . 57
9.4.2 Positioning Request . 57
9.4.3 Assistance Data Delivery . 58
9.4.3a Positioning Capability Transfer . 59
9.4.4 Error Handling for E-OTD and A-GNSS in CS Domain . 60
9.4.5 Error Handling for the SMLC in CS Domain . 61
9.4.5a Error Handling for E-OTD and A-GNSS in PS Domain . 61
9.4.6 Broadcast of Assistance Data. 62
9.4.6.1 Point-To-Multipoint Assistance Data Broadcast Flow . 62
9.4.6.2 Ciphering . 63
9.4.6.2.1 Algorithm . 63
9.4.6.3 Deciphering key control and delivery to MS . 64
9.5 U-TDOA Positioning Procedures . 66
9.5.0 General . 66
9.5.1 U-TDOA Positioning in CS Domain for A/Gb-mode . 66
9.5.1.1 General Procedures . 66
9.5.1.2 CS U-TDOA Messages and Procedures on the Lb Interface . 66
9.5.1.3 RR Procedure effecting the CS U-TDOA channel description . 67
9.5.1.4 BSC Error Handling during CS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure . 68
9.5.2 U-TDOA Positioning in PS Domain for A/Gb-mode . 68
9.5.2.1 Introduction . 68
9.5.2.2 General Procedures . 68
9.5.2.2.1 MS in packet idle mode . 69
9.5.2.2.2 MS in packet transfer mode . 69
9.5.2.3 PS U-TDOA Messages and Procedures on the Lb Interface . 69
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9.5.2.4 RLC/MAC Procedure affecting the PS U-TDOA TBF description . 70
9.5.2.5 Error Handling during PS U-TDOA Positioning Procedure . 70
9.6 Multilateration Positioning Methods . 71
9.6.1 General . 71
9.6.2 Multilateration Timing Advance . 71
9.6.2.1 General procedure . 71
9.6.2.2 Multilateration Timing Advance Request . 72
9.6.2.3 Error Handling for MTA . 75
9.6.2.4 Assistance Information . 76
9.6.2.4.1 Assistance Information Transfer . 76
9.6.2.4.2 Provisioning of Assistance Information to the MS . 76
9.6.3 Multilateration OTD . 77
9.6.3.1 General Procedure . 77
9.6.3.2 Multilateration Observed Time Difference Measurements . 77
9.6.3.3 Error Handling for MOTD . 80
9.6.3.4 Network Assistance Information for Multilateration OTD . 80
10 Information storage . 80
10.1 SMLC . 80
10.2 Recovery and Restoration Procedures . 81
Annex A (informative): Change history . 82
History . 84

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Foreword
rd
This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3 Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal
TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an
identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:
Version x.y.z
where:
x the first digit:
1 presented to TSG for information;
2 presented to TSG for approval;
3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.
y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,
updates, etc.
z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
ETSI
3GPP TS 43.059 version 15.2.0 Release 15 8 ETSI TS 143 059 V15.2.0 (2020-04)
1 Scope
The present document specifies the stage 2 of the LoCation Services (LCS) feature in GERAN, which provides the
mechanisms to support mobile location services for operators, subscribers and third party service providers.
The purpose of this stage 2 specification is to define the GERAN LCS architecture, functional entities and operations to
support location methods. This description is confined to the aspects of LCS within the GERAN and does not define nor
describe the LCS entities or operations within the Core Network.
Location Services may be considered as a network provided enabling technology consisting of standardised service
capabilities, which enable the provision of location applications. The application(s) may be service provider specific.
The description of the numerous and varied possible location applications which are enabled by this technology are
outside the scope of the present document. However, clarifying examples of how the functionality being described may
be used to provide specific location services may be included.
This stage 2 specification covers the GERAN LCS functional model and entities, the location methods, state
descriptions, and message flows.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.
- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including
a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same
Release as the present document.
[1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".
[2] 3GPP TS 22.071: "Location Services (LCS); Service description - Stage 1".
[3] 3GPP TS 22.101: "Service aspects; Service principles".
[4] 3GPP TS 23.007: "Restoration procedures".
[5] 3GPP TS 23.032: "Universal Geographical Area Description (GAD)".
[6] 3GPP TS 23.041: "Technical realization of Cell Broadcast Service (CBS)".
[7] 3GPP TS 23.271: "Functional stage 2 description of location services".
[8] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile Radio Interface Layer 3 specificiation; Core Network Protocols;
Stage 3".
[9] 3GPP TS 24.030: "Location Services (LCS); Supplementary service operations; Stage 3".
[10] 3GPP TS 24.080: "Mobile radio Layer 3 Supplementary Services specification; Formats and
coding".
[11] 3GPP TS 43.051: "GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) overall description; Stage 2".
[12] 3GPP TS 44.006: "Mobile Station - Base Station System (MS - BSS) interface; Data Link (DL)
layer specification".
[13] 3GPP TS 44.012: "Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB) Support on the Mobile Radio
Interface".
[14] 3GPP TS 44.018: "Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Radio Resource Control Protocol".
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[15] 3GPP TS 44.031: "Location Services (LCS); Mobile Station (MS) - Serving Mobile Location
Centre (SMLC) Radio Resource LCS Protocol (RRLP)".
[16] 3GPP TS 44.035: "Location Services (LCS); Broadcast Network Assistance for Enhanced
Observed Time Difference (E-OTD) and Global Positioning System (GPS) Positioning Methods".
[17] 3GPP TS 44.071: "Location Services (LCS); Mobile Radio Interface Layer 3 Location Services
(LCS) specification".
[18] 3GPP TS 48.008: "Mobile-services Switching Centre - Base Station System (MSC - BSS)
interface; Layer 3 specification".
[19] 3GPP TS 48.031: "Location Services (LCS); Serving Mobile Location Centre - Serving Mobile
Location Centre (SMLC - SMLC); SMLCPP specification".
[20] 3GPP TS 48.058: "Base Station Controller - Base Transceiver Station (BSC - BTS) interface;
Layer 3 specification".
[21] 3GPP TS 48.071: "Serving Mobile Location Center – Base Station System (SMLC-BSS) interface;
Layer 3 specification".
[22] 3GPP TS 49.031: "Location Services (LCS); Base Station System Application Part LCS Extension
(BSSAP-LE)".
[23] TIA/EIA/IS-J-STD-036 (2000): "Emergency Services Data Communications".
[24] 3GPP TS 48.016: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Base Station System (BSS) - Serving
GPRS Support Node (SGSN) interface; Network Service".
[25] 3GPP TS 48.018: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Base Station System (BSS) - Serving
GPRS Support Node (SGSN); BSS GPRS Protocol (BSSGP)".
[26] 3GPP TS 44.064: "Mobile Station - Serving GPRS Support Node (MS-SGSN) Logical Link
Control (LLC) layer specification".
[27] 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 2".
[28] 3GPP TS 44.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Mobile Station (MS) - Base Station
System (BSS) interface; Radio Link Control/Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC) protocol".
[29] 3GPP TS 25.410: "UTRAN Iu Interface: General Aspects and Principles".
[30] 3GPP TS 25.411: "UTRAN Iu Interface Layer 1".
[32] 3GPP TS 25.412: "UTRAN Iu Interface signalling transport".
[33] 3GPP TS 25.413: "UTRAN Iu Interface RANAP signalling".
[34] Void.
[35] IETF STD 51, RFC 1661(07/1994): "The Point-To-Point Protocol (PPP)".
[36] IETF STD 51, RFC 1662(07/1994): "PPP in HDLC-like Framing".
[37] IETF RFC 2507(02/1999): "IP header compression".
[38] IETF RFC 1990(07/1994): "The PPP Multilink Protocol (MP)".
[39] IETF RFC 2686(09/1999): "The Multi-Class Extension to Multi-Link PPP".
[40] IETF RFC 2509(02/1999): "IP Header Compression over PPP".
[41] 3GPP TS 43.064: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Overall description of the GPRS radio
interface; Stage 2".
[42] 3GPP TS 45.010: "Radio subsystem synchronization".
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[43] 3GPP TS 43.020. “Security related network functions”.

3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document the following terms and definitions apply and the terms and definitions given
in 3GPP TS 22.101.
A/Gb mode: see 3GPP TS 43.051 [11].
Coverage Class: see 3GPP TS 43.064 [41].
EC-GSM-IoT: see 3GPP TS 43.064 [41].
EC operation: see 3GPP TS 43.064 [41].
Iu mode: see 3GPP TS 43.051 [11].
LCS (LoCation Services): LCS is a service concept in system standardisation. LCS specifies all the necessary network
elements and entities, their functionality, interfaces, as well as communication messages, necessary to implement the
positioning functionality in a cellular network.
NOTE 1: LCS does not specify any location based (value added) services except locating of emergency calls.
LCS Client: software and/or hardware entity that interacts with a LCS Server for the purpose of obtaining location
information for one or more Mobile Stations. LCS Clients subscribe to LCS in order to obtain location information.
LCS Clients may or may not interact with human users. The LCS Client is responsible for formatting and presenting
data and managing the user interface (dialogue). The LCS Client may reside in the Mobile Station (MS).
LCS Server: software and/or hardware entity offering LCS capabilities. The LCS Server accepts requests, services
requests, and sends back responses to the received requests. The LCS server consists of LCS components, which are
distributed to one or more PLMN and/or service provider.
Location Estimate: geographic location of an MS and/or valid Mobile Equipment (ME), expressed in latitude and
longitude data. The Location Estimate shall be represented in a well-defined universal format. Translation from this
universal format to another geographic location system may be supported, although the details are considered outside
the scope of the primitive services.
Location Request: request for a Location Estimate and optionally a Velocity Estimate.
Mobile Assisted positioning: any mobile centric positioning method (e.g. E-OTD, A-GNSS) in which the MS provides
position measurements to the network for computation of a location estimate by the network. The network may provide
assistance data to the MS to enable position measurements and/or improve measurement performance.
Mobile Based positioning: any mobile centric positioning method (e.g. E-OTD, A-GNSS) in which the MS performs
both position measurements and computation of a location estimate and where assistance data useful or essential to one
or both of these functions is provided to the MS by the network. Position methods where an MS performs
measurements and location computation without network assistance data are not considered within this category.
Mobile Station: consists of Mobile or User Equipment (ME or MS) with a valid SIM or USIM attached.
Positioning (/location detecting): positioning is a functionality, which detects a geographical location (of e.g. a mobile
terminal).
Positioning technology (/locating technology): technology or system concept including the specifications of RF
interfaces, data types, etc. to process the estimation of a geographical location, e.g. A-GNSS and E-OTD.
Radio Interface Timing: Comprise Absolute Time Differences (ATDs) or Real Tim
...