EN 14078:2009
(Main)Liquid petroleum products - Determination of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content in middle distillates - Infrared spectrometry method
General Information
- Abstract
This European Standard specifies a test method for the determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) content in diesel fuel or domestic heating fuel by mid infrared spectrometry, which applies to FAME contents of the two measurement ranges as follows:
- range A: for FAME contents ranging from approx. 0,05 % (V/V) to approx. 3 % (V/V);
- range B: for FAME contents ranging from approx. 3 % (V/V) to approx. 20 % (V/V).
Principally, higher FAME contents can also be analyzed if diluted; however, no precision data for results outside the specified range is available at present.
This test method was verified to be applicable to samples which contain FAME conforming to EN 14214 or EN 14213. Reliable quantitative results are obtained only if the samples do not contain any significant amounts of other interfering components, especially esters and other carbonyl compounds which possess absorption bands in the spectral region used for quantification of FAME. If such interfering components are present, this test method is expected to produce higher values.
NOTE 1 For the purposes of this European Standard, the term "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction (phi) of a material.
NOTE 2 For conversion of grams FAME per litre (g FAME/l) to volume fraction, a fixed density for FAME of 883,0 kg/m3 is adopted.
WARNING - The use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Status
- Withdrawn
- Publication Date
- 15-Dec-2009
- Withdrawal Date
- 06-May-2014
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 19 - Petroleum products, lubricants and related products
- Current Stage
- 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
- Start Date
- 07-May-2014
- Completion Date
- 07-May-2014
Relations
- Effective Date
- 19-Dec-2009
- Effective Date
- 22-Feb-2012
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
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Frequently Asked Questions
EN 14078:2009 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Liquid petroleum products - Determination of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content in middle distillates - Infrared spectrometry method". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies a test method for the determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) content in diesel fuel or domestic heating fuel by mid infrared spectrometry, which applies to FAME contents of the two measurement ranges as follows: - range A: for FAME contents ranging from approx. 0,05 % (V/V) to approx. 3 % (V/V); - range B: for FAME contents ranging from approx. 3 % (V/V) to approx. 20 % (V/V). Principally, higher FAME contents can also be analyzed if diluted; however, no precision data for results outside the specified range is available at present. This test method was verified to be applicable to samples which contain FAME conforming to EN 14214 or EN 14213. Reliable quantitative results are obtained only if the samples do not contain any significant amounts of other interfering components, especially esters and other carbonyl compounds which possess absorption bands in the spectral region used for quantification of FAME. If such interfering components are present, this test method is expected to produce higher values. NOTE 1 For the purposes of this European Standard, the term "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction (phi) of a material. NOTE 2 For conversion of grams FAME per litre (g FAME/l) to volume fraction, a fixed density for FAME of 883,0 kg/m3 is adopted. WARNING - The use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
This European Standard specifies a test method for the determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) content in diesel fuel or domestic heating fuel by mid infrared spectrometry, which applies to FAME contents of the two measurement ranges as follows: - range A: for FAME contents ranging from approx. 0,05 % (V/V) to approx. 3 % (V/V); - range B: for FAME contents ranging from approx. 3 % (V/V) to approx. 20 % (V/V). Principally, higher FAME contents can also be analyzed if diluted; however, no precision data for results outside the specified range is available at present. This test method was verified to be applicable to samples which contain FAME conforming to EN 14214 or EN 14213. Reliable quantitative results are obtained only if the samples do not contain any significant amounts of other interfering components, especially esters and other carbonyl compounds which possess absorption bands in the spectral region used for quantification of FAME. If such interfering components are present, this test method is expected to produce higher values. NOTE 1 For the purposes of this European Standard, the term "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction (phi) of a material. NOTE 2 For conversion of grams FAME per litre (g FAME/l) to volume fraction, a fixed density for FAME of 883,0 kg/m3 is adopted. WARNING - The use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
EN 14078:2009 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 14078:2009 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 14078:2003, EN 14078:2014, EN ISO 3170:2025, EN 14214:2012+A2:2019, EN ISO 3171:1999, EN 590:2009+A1:2010, CEN/TR 16557:2013, EN 590:2013. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 14078:2009 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Flüssige Mineralölprodukte - Bestimmung von Fettsäure Methylester (FAME) in Mitteldestillaten - Infrarotspektrometrisches VerfahrenProduits pétroliers liquides - Détermination de la teneur en esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) des distillats moyens - Méthode par spectrométrie infrarougeLiquid petroleum products - Determination of fatty methyl ester (FAME) content in middle distillates - Infrared spectrometrymethod75.160.20Liquid fuelsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14078:2009SIST EN 14078:2010en,fr,de01-marec-2010SIST EN 14078:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14078:20041DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14078
December 2009 ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes EN 14078:2003English Version
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of fatty methyl ester (FAME) content in middle distillates - Infrared spectrometry method
Produits pétroliers liquides - Détermination de la teneur en esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) des distillats moyens - Méthode par spectrométrie infrarouge
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung des Gehaltes an Fettsäuremethylester (FAME) in Mitteldestillaten - Infrarotspektrometrisches Verfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 November 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14078:2009: ESIST EN 14078:2010
Specific adjustments for calibration and dilution . 11Bibliography . 14 SIST EN 14078:2010
Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)
Requirements and test methods EN 14214, Automotive fuels
Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel engines
Requirements and test methods EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids
Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004) EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids
Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171:1988) 3 Principle The mid infrared absorption spectrum of a test portion of a sample which has been diluted as appropriate with FAME-free solvent is recorded. The absorbance at the peak maximum of the typical absorption band for esters at about (1 745 ± 5) cm-1 is measured. Initially, calibration as well as evaluation of the data will be carried out as grams FAME per litre. For conversion of grams per litre (g/l) to the reporting unit "% (V/V)", a fixed density of FAME of 883,0 kg/m3 (15 °C) is adopted. Two measurement ranges (A or B) have been chosen for which specific adjustments for the calibration and dilution need to be followed. Measurement preferably without dilution for range A and a shorter path length of the measurement cell for range B. In particular, the lower determination range A is a challenging one; all ensuing SIST EN 14078:2010
4 Reagents and materials 4.1 FAME for calibration, FAME as specified in EN 14214 (automotive diesel fuel) or EN 14213 (domestic heating oil). 4.2 FAME free middle distillate as solvent for dilution and as reference material for the measurement of the background spectrum. In particular, a middle distillate suitable for the type of sample (diesel fuel or domestic heating oil) shall be used for range A in order to avoid spectral decompensation as far as possible. In this context, the property "FAME free" means middle distillates without any absorption bands in the IR signal range typical for FAME. 4.3 Solvents for cleaning, such as ethanol, n-pentane or cyclohexane. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Infrared spectrometer, dispersive or interferometer type, capable of operating in the wave number range from approx. 400 cm-1 to approx. 4 000 cm-1, with a linear absorption in the absorbance range from (0,1 to 1,1) absorbance units, and having a resolution of minimum 4 cm-1. 5.2 Cells, made of KBr, NaCl, or CaF2, with known path length, where the additional instructions for the selection and treatment of cells dependent on the applied measurement range as given in 7.1 are followed. EXAMPLE A standard solution with a FAME concentration of 3 g FAME/l (0,34 % (V/V)) should give an absorbance of about 0,4 at the maximum peak at about 1 745 cm -1 if a cell with a path length of 0,5 mm is used. 6 Sampling and sample handling Samples shall be taken according to EN ISO 3170 or EN ISO 3171 as well as in accordance with the requirements of national standards or regulations for the sampling of the product under test. If samples are not tested immediately, they shall be stored tightly sealed and in a cool and dark place. 7 Procedure 7.1 Selection and treatment of the cell The path length of the cell (5.2) shall be selected so that adequate net signal intensities can be obtained (in at least two decimal places, see marked cells in Table A.1). Signal intensities shall still be within the linear detector range. Specific adjustments shall be followed (see recommendations given in Table A.1) depending on measurement range A or B: range A: path length as long as possible and measurement preferably without dilution; and range B: shorter path length and dilution adapted to the anticipated FAME content. The path length shall be known or determined exactly. If in use for a longer period of time it should be checked more frequently. A specific and individual calibration shall be made for every cell in use, retaining all other SIST EN 14078:2010
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