EN ISO 22765:2019
(Main)Nuclear fuel technology - Sintered (U,Pu)O2 pellets - Guidance for ceramographic preparation for microstructure examination (ISO 22765:2016)
General Information
- Abstract
ISO 22765:2016 describes the ceramographic procedure used to prepare sintered (U,Pu)O2 pellets for qualitative and quantitative examination of the pellet microstructure.
The examinations are performed before and after thermal treatment or chemical etching.
They allow
- observation of any cracks, intra- and intergranular pores or inclusions, and
- measurement of the grain size, porosity and plutonium homogeneity distribution.
The mean grain diameter is measured by one of the classic methods: counting (intercept method), comparison with standard grids or typical images, etc.[2] The measurement of individual grain sizes requires uniform development of the microstructure over the entire specimen.
The plutonium cluster and pore distribution and localization are generally analysed by automatic image analysis systems. The plutonium distribution is usually revealed by chemical etching but alpha-autoradiography can also be used. The first technique avoids the tendency for autoradiography to exaggerate the size of plutonium-rich clusters due to the distance the alpha particles travel away from the source.
- Status
- Withdrawn
- Publication Date
- 11-Jun-2019
- Withdrawal Date
- 22-Sep-2026
- Current Stage
- 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
- Start Date
- 22-Jan-2025
- Completion Date
- 23-Sep-2026
Relations
- Effective Date
- 18-Jan-2023
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Frequently Asked Questions
EN ISO 22765:2019 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Nuclear fuel technology - Sintered (U,Pu)O2 pellets - Guidance for ceramographic preparation for microstructure examination (ISO 22765:2016)". This standard covers: ISO 22765:2016 describes the ceramographic procedure used to prepare sintered (U,Pu)O2 pellets for qualitative and quantitative examination of the pellet microstructure. The examinations are performed before and after thermal treatment or chemical etching. They allow - observation of any cracks, intra- and intergranular pores or inclusions, and - measurement of the grain size, porosity and plutonium homogeneity distribution. The mean grain diameter is measured by one of the classic methods: counting (intercept method), comparison with standard grids or typical images, etc.[2] The measurement of individual grain sizes requires uniform development of the microstructure over the entire specimen. The plutonium cluster and pore distribution and localization are generally analysed by automatic image analysis systems. The plutonium distribution is usually revealed by chemical etching but alpha-autoradiography can also be used. The first technique avoids the tendency for autoradiography to exaggerate the size of plutonium-rich clusters due to the distance the alpha particles travel away from the source.
ISO 22765:2016 describes the ceramographic procedure used to prepare sintered (U,Pu)O2 pellets for qualitative and quantitative examination of the pellet microstructure. The examinations are performed before and after thermal treatment or chemical etching. They allow - observation of any cracks, intra- and intergranular pores or inclusions, and - measurement of the grain size, porosity and plutonium homogeneity distribution. The mean grain diameter is measured by one of the classic methods: counting (intercept method), comparison with standard grids or typical images, etc.[2] The measurement of individual grain sizes requires uniform development of the microstructure over the entire specimen. The plutonium cluster and pore distribution and localization are generally analysed by automatic image analysis systems. The plutonium distribution is usually revealed by chemical etching but alpha-autoradiography can also be used. The first technique avoids the tendency for autoradiography to exaggerate the size of plutonium-rich clusters due to the distance the alpha particles travel away from the source.
EN ISO 22765:2019 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 27.120.30 - Fissile materials and nuclear fuel technology. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN ISO 22765:2019 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN ISO 22765:2025. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN ISO 22765:2019 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2019
Tehnologija jedrskih goriv - Sintrani peleti (U,Pu)O2 - Navodilo za pripravo
keramografske preiskave mikrostrukture (ISO 22765:2016)
Nuclear fuel technology - Sintered (U,Pu)O2 pellets - Guidance for ceramographic
preparation for microstructure examination (ISO 22765:2016)
Kernbrennstofftechnologie - Gesinterte (U,Pu)O2-Pellets - Leitfaden für die
keramographische Herstellung der Proben zur Untersuchung des Feingefüges (ISO
22765:2016)
Technologie du combustible nucléaire - Pastilles (U,Pu)O2 frittées - Préconisations
relatives à la préparation céramographique pour examen de la microstructure (ISO
22765:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 22765:2019
ICS:
27.120.30 Cepljivi materiali in jedrska Fissile materials and nuclear
gorivna tehnologija fuel technology
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 22765
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.120.30
English Version
Nuclear fuel technology - Sintered (U,Pu)O2 pellets -
Guidance for ceramographic preparation for
microstructure examination (ISO 22765:2016)
Technologie du combustible nucléaire - Pastilles Kernbrennstofftechnologie - Gesinterte (U,Pu)O2-
(U,Pu)O2 frittées - Préconisations relatives à la Pellets - Leitfaden für die keramographische
préparation céramographique pour examen de la Herstellung der Proben zur Untersuchung des
microstructure (ISO 22765:2016) Feingefüges (ISO 22765:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 March 2019.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 22765:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
The text of ISO 22765:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85 "Nuclear energy,
nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” of the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 22765:2019 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 430 “Nuclear
energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2019, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 22765:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 22765:2019 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22765
First edition
2016-12-15
Nuclear fuel technology — Sintered
(U,Pu)O pellets — Guidance for
ceramographic preparation for
microstructure examination
Technologie du combustible nucléaire — Pastilles (U,Pu)O frittées
— Préconisations relatives à la préparation céramographique pour
examen de la microstructure
Reference number
ISO 22765:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
ISO 22765:2016(E)
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
ISO 22765:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Description . 2
6 Equipment . 2
7 Reagents and resin . 2
8 Operating procedure . 3
8.1 Specimen cutting . 3
8.2 Resin embedding . 3
8.3 Rough polishing . 3
8.4 Final polishing . 3
9 Structure development . 4
9.1 General . 4
9.2 Development by thermal treatment . 4
9.3 Development by chemical etching . 4
9.4 Development by ion etching . 5
Bibliography . 7
ISO 22765:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the IS
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