ASTM A554-21

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A554 −21
Standard Specification for
Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A554; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* A790/A790M Specification for Seamless and Welded
Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
1.1 This specification covers welded austenitic, ferritic, and
A941 TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Related
austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel mechanical tubing
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
intended for use in ornamental, structural, exhaust, and other
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
applications where appearance, mechanical properties, or cor-
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
rosion resistance is needed. The grades covered are listed in
2.2 Military Standards:
Table 1.
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
1.2 This specification covers as-welded or cold-reduced
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Shipment
mechanical tubing in sizes to 16 in. (406.4 mm) outside 3
and Storage
dimension, and in wall thicknesses 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) and
2.3 Federal Standard:
over. 3
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
1.3 Tubes shall be furnished in one of the following shapes
2.4 SAE Standard:
as specified by the purchaser: round, square, rectangular, or
SAE J 1086 Numbering Metals and Alloys
special.
3. Terminology
1.4 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
specification, refer to Terminology A941.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4. Ordering Information
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
and are not considered standard.
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
material adequately:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, mass, or number of pieces),
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1.2 Name of material (welded stainless steel mechanical
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tubing),
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1.3 Form (round, square, rectangular, special, see 1.3),
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1.4 Dimensions:
4.1.4.1 Round-outside diameter and wall thickness for all
2. Referenced Documents
conditions (Section 9). Alternatively, for cold-reduced
2.1 ASTM Standards:
condition, outside diameter and inside diameter or inside
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
diameter and wall dimensions may be specified,
of Steel Products
4.1.4.2 Square and rectangular outside dimensions and wall
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
thickness (see 10.1),
Steel Products
4.1.4.3 Special (to be specified),
4.1.5 Length (mill lengths, cut lengths, or multiple lengths
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
(see 9.3)),
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.6 Grade (Table 1),
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
4.1.7 Condition (see 7.1),
Current edition approved March 1, 2021. Published March 2021. Originally
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A554 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/A0554-21.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111–5094, Attn: NPODS.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,
the ASTM website. PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A554−21
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
J
UNS # Grade
Carbon Manga- Phos- Sulfur Silicon Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Titanium Columbium Nitrogen Copper Other
nese, phorus
Austenitic
MT-301 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 6.0–8.0 16.0–18.0 . . .
MT-302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–10.0 17.0–19.0 . . .
MT-304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–20.0 . . .
B
MT-304L 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–13.0 18.0–20.0 . . .
MT-305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–13.0 17.0–19.0 . . .
MT-309S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 12.0–15.0 22.0–24.0 . . . . .
C
MT-309S-Cb 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 12.0–15.0 22.0–24.0 . .
MT-310S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.0–22.0 24.0–26.0 . . .
MT-316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–14.0 16.0–18.0 2.0–3.0 . .
B
MT-316L 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–15.0 16.0–18.0 2.0–3.0 . .
S31655 . 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.015 1.00 8.0–9.5 19.5–21.5 0.50–1.50 . . 0.14–0.25 1.00 .
MT-317 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 11.0–14.0 18.0–20.0 3.0–4.0 . .
D
MT-321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–13.0 17.0–20.0 . .
MT-330 0.15 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 33.0–36.0 14.0–16.0 . . .
C
MT-347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–13.0 17.0–20.0 . .
Ferritic
MT-429 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 14.0–16.0 . . .
MT-430 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 16.0–18.0 . . .
S43036 MT-430-Ti 0.10 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.75 max 16.0–19.5 . 5×Cmin, .
0.75 max
E
S40900 409
S40910 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.020 1.00 0.50 10.5–11.7 . Ti 6X (C+N) Cb 0.17 0.030
min,
0.050 max
S40920 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.020 1.00 0.50 10.5–11.7 . Ti 8X (C+N) Cb 0.10 0.030
min,
Ti 0.15–0.50
S40930 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.020 1.00 0.50 10.5–11.7 . (Ti+Cb) [0.08+8 . 0.030
× (C+N)] min,
0.75 max;
Ti 0.05 min
S43400 434 0.120 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 . 16.0–18.0 0.75–1.25 . . .
S43600 436 0.120 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 . 16.0–18.0 0.75–1.25 . Cb5×C .
min
0.080 max
S43035 439 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 17.0–19.0 . Ti . 0.030
[0.20+4(C+N)]
min,
1.10 max;
Al 0.015
F
S41003 0.030 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.50 10.5–12.5 . . . 0.030
S44400 444 0.025 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.00 17.5–19.5 1.75–2.50 (Ti+Cb) 0.035
[0.20+4(C+N)]
min
0.80 max
S41008 410S 0.080 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.60 11.5–13.5 . . . .
G
S44100 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.00 17.5–19.5 . 0.1–0.5 Cb 0.3+ .
(9× C) min,
0.9 max
Austenitic-Ferritic
S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 21.0–23.0 2.5–3.5 . . 0.08–0.20 . .
S32003 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 3.0–4.0 19.5–22.5 1.50–2.00 . . 0.14–0.20 . .
S32101 0.040 4.0–6.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.35–1.70 21.0–22.0 0.10–0.80 . . 0.20–0.25 0.10–0.80 .
S32202 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 1.00–2.80 21.5–24.0 0.45 max . . 0.18–0.26 . .

A554−21
TABLE1 Continued
Composition, %
J
UNS # Grade
Carbon Manga- Phos- Sulfur Silicon Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Titanium Columbium Nitrogen Copper Other
nese, phorus
K
S32205 2205 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 22.0–23.0 3.0–3.5 . . 0.14–0.20 . .
K
S32304 2304 0.030 2.50 0.040 0.040 1.00 3.0–5.5 21.5–24.5 0.05–0.60 . . 0.05–0.20 0.05–0.60 .
K
S32550 255 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.5–6.5 24.0–27.0 2.9–3.9 . . 0.10–0.25 1.50–2.50 .
H K
S32750 2507 0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–5.0 . . 0.24–0.32 0.5 .
I
S32760 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–4.0 . . 0.20–0.30 0.50–1.00 W
0.50–1.00
S81921 0.030 2.00–4.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 2.00–4.00 19.0–22.0 1.00–2.00 . . 0.14–0.20 . .
S82011 0.030 2.0–3.0 0.040 0.020 1.00 1.00–2.00 20.5–23.5 0.10–1.00 . . 0.15–0.27 0.50 .
S82441 0.030 2.5–4.0 0.035 0.005 0.70 3.0–4.5 23.0–25.0 1.00–2.00 . . 0.20–0.30 0.10–0.80 .
A
Maximum, unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (.) appear in this table, there is no minimum and analysis for the element need not be determined or reported.
B
For small diameter or thin walls, or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon content of 0.040 % max is necessary in grades MT-304L and MT-316L. Small outside diameter tubes are defined as those
less than 0.500 in. (12.7 mm) in outside diameter and light wall tubes as those less than 0.049 in. (1.24 mm) in average wall thickness.
C
The columbium content shall be not less than ten times the carbon content and not more than 1.00 %.
D
The titanium content shall be not less than five times the carbon content and not more than 0.60 %.
E
S40900 (Type 409) has been replaced by S40910, S40920, and S40930. Unless otherwise specified in the ordering information, an order specifying S40900 or Type 409, shall be satisfied by any one of S40910, S40920,
or S40930 at the option of the seller. Material meeting the requirements of S40910, S40920, or S40930 may, by agreement between purchaser and manufacturer, be certified as S40900.
F
S41003 chemical composition relates to Type 412, which is not currently an AISI or SAE number.
G
S44100 chemical composition relates to Type 441, which is not currently an AISI or SAE number.
H
%Cr+3.3×%Mo+16×%N=41min.
I
%Cr+3.3×%Mo+16×%N=40min.
J
Designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J 1086.
K
Common name, not a trademark, widely used, not associated with any one producer.

A554−21
4.1.8 Inside diameter bead condition (see 7.2), 7. Condition
4.1.9 Surface finish (see Section 12),
7.1 The tubes shall be furnished in any of the following
4.1.10 Report of chemical analysis, if required (Section 8),
conditions as specified:
4.1.11 Individual supplementary requirements, if required,
7.1.1 As welded,
4.1.12 End use,
7.1.2 Welded and annealed,
4.1.13 Specification designation,
7.1.3 Cold reduced,
4.1.14 Special requirements,
7.1.4 Cold reduced and annealed.
4.1.15 Special marking (Section 15), and
7.2 Theinsidediameterbeadshallbefurnishedinanyofthe
4.1.16 Special packing (Section 16).
following conditions as specified:
7.2.1 Bead not removed,
5. Process
7.2.2 Bead controlled to 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 15 % of the
5.1 The steel may be made by any process.
specified wall thickness, whichever is greater, and
5.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser,
7.2.3 Bead removed.
it shall be stated on the purchase order.
7.3 Square and rectangular welded stainless tubing is sup-
5.3 The primary melting may incorporate separate degas-
plied as cold worked unless otherwise specified.
sing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting,
such as electroslag remelting or vacuum-arc remelting. If
8. Heat Analysis
secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all
8.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
of the ingots remelted from a single primary heat.
steel manufacturer to determine the percentages of the ele-
5.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast. When
ments specified. If secondary melting processes are employed,
steel of different grades are sequentially strand cast, identifi-
the heat analysis shall be obtained from one remelted ingot or
cation of the resultant transition material is required. The
the product of one remelted ingot of each primary melt. The
producer shall remove the transition material by an established
chemical composition thus determined, or that determined
procedure that positively separates the grades.
from a product analysis made by the tubular product
manufacturer, shall conform to requirements specified. When
6. Materials and Manufacture
requested in the order or contract, a report of this analysis shall
6.1 The tubes shall be made from flat-rolled steel by an be furnished to the purchaser. (See Test Methods, Practices,
automatic welding process without the addition of filler metal. and Terminology A751.)
A
TABLE 2 Diameter, Wall, and Ovality Tolerances (All Conditions Except Tubing with Bead Removed)
NOTE 1—Ovality is the difference between maximum and minimum outside diameters measured at any one cross section. There is no additional
tolerance for ovality on tubes having a specified wall thickness of more than 3 % of the outside diameter.
NOTE 2—For sizes up to and including 5-in. (127.0-mm) outside diameter, an ovality tolerance of twice the tabular outside diameter tolerance spread
shown is applied one half plus and one half minus to tubes having a specified wall thickness of 3 % or less of the specified outside diameter. The average
of the maximum and minimum outside diameter readings should fall within the outside diameter tolerances as shown in this table.
NOTE 3—For sizes over 5-in. (127.0-mm) to and including 16-in. (406.4-mm) outside diameter, when the specified wall thickness is 3 % or less of the
outside diameter, the ovality shall not exceed 1.5 % of the specified outside diameter.
Wall Thickness OD, ±
OD Size, in. (mm)
in. mm in. mm
Under ⁄2 (12.7) 0.020 to 0.049 0.51 to 1.24 0.004 0.10
⁄2 to 1 (12.7 to 25.4) 0.020 to 0.065 0.51 to 1.65 0.005 0.13
⁄2 to 1 (12.7 to 25.4) over 0.065 to 0.134 over 1.65 to 3.40 0.010 0.25
Over 1 to 1 ⁄2 (25.4 to 38.1), incl 0.025 to 0.065 0.64 to 1.65 0.008 0.20
Over 1 to 1 ⁄2 (25.4 to 38.1), incl over 0.065 to 0.134 over 1.65 to 3.40 0.010 0.25
Over 1 ⁄2 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), incl 0.025 to 0.049 0.64 to 1.24 0.010 0.25
Over 1 ⁄2 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), incl over 0.049 to 0.083 over 1.24 to 2.11 0.011 0.28
Over 1 ⁄2 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), incl over 0.083 to 0.149 over 2.11 to 3.78 0.012 0.30
Over 2 to 2 ⁄2 (50.8 to 63.5), incl 0.032 to 0.065 0.81 to 1.65 0.012 0.30
Over 2 to 2 ⁄2 (50.8 to 63.5), incl over 0.065 to 0.109 over 1.65 to 2.77 0.013 0.33
Over 2 to 2 ⁄2 (50.8 to 63.5), incl over 0.109 to 0.165 over 2.77 to 4.19 0.014 0.36
1 1
Over 2 ⁄2 to 3 ⁄2 (63.5 to 88.9), incl 0.032 to 0.165 0.81 to 4.19 0.014 0.36
1 1
Over 2 ⁄2 to 3 ⁄2 (63.5 to 88.9), incl over 0.165 over 4.19 0.020 0.51
Over 3 ⁄2 to 5 (88.9 to 127.0), incl 0.035 to 0.165 0.89 to 4.19 0.020 0.51
Over 3 ⁄2 to 5 (88.9 to 127.0), incl over 0.165 over 4.19 0.025 0.64
Over5to7 ⁄2 (127.0 to 190.5), incl 0.049 to 0.250 1.24 to 6.35 0.025 0.64
Over5to7 ⁄2 (127.0 to 190.5), incl over 0.250 over 6.35 0.030 0.
...